格林—巴利综合征患者血清白细胞介素6动态观察及意义

目的动态观察格林－巴利综合征（ＧＢＳ）患者的血清中白细胞介素６（ＩＬ－６）水平及其临床意义。方法采用生物学方法检测３０例格林－巴利综合征（ＧＢＳ）患者血清中ＩＬ－６水平。结果ＧＢＳ患者血清ＩＬ－６水平明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；１０例患者动态血清ＩＬ－６及免疫球蛋白水平，发现随着监测时间的延长，血清ＩＬ－６及免疫球蛋白水平逐渐下降。但病情轻重分级之间ＩＬ－６水平无明显差别（均Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论ＩＬ－６与ＧＢＳ发病机制有关，血清ＩＬ－６监测可作为判断疾病转归的一个参考指标     

格林-巴利综合征患者脑脊液抗P2蛋白IgG抗体增高

用ＥＬＩＳＡ方法，检测３６例格林－巴利综合征（ＧＢＳ）患者和４０例其他神经病（ＯＮＤ）患者的血清和脑脊液及４０例健康对照（ＮＣ）血清标本的抗Ｐ２蛋白ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ抗体。结果发现：ＧＢＳ和ＯＮＤ血清抗Ｐ２Ｉｇ６和ＩｇＭ抗体与ＮＣ血清比较无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＧＢＳ脑脊液抗Ｐ２ＩｇＧ抗体明显高于ＯＮＤ（Ｐ＜０．０５），而抗Ｐ２ＩｇＭ抗体则两者无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

格林—巴利综合征患者血清和脑脊液中的抗硫脂抗体

探讨抗硫脂抗体与格林－巴利综合征（ＧＢＳ）的关系。方法采用固相酶联免疫吸附法对急性期ＧＢＳ患者血清和脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）中抗硫脂ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ抗体进行检测。结果ＧＢＳ患者血清和ＣＳＦ中抗硫脂ＩｇＧ及ＩｇＭ抗体的阳性率均明显高于正常对照组；血清中抗硫脂ＩｇＭ抗体滴度与标本收集时患者发病天数呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０５），而血清中抗硫脂ＩｇＧ抗体滴度与临床分级（Ｐ＜０．０１）、ＣＳＦ中抗硫脂ＩｇＧ抗体滴度（Ｐ＜０．０１）呈正相关；血清中抗硫脂ＩｇＧ或ＩｇＭ阳性的ＧＢＳ患者，体检时有不同程度的感觉障碍患者为５６％，而血清中抗硫脂抗体阴性患者仅为１６％，两者之间差异有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论抗硫脂抗体可能在ＧＢＳ的病理过程中起重要作用     

精神分裂症患者细胞因子的研究

目的探讨细胞因子在精神分裂症病理生理机制中的作用。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测６０例精神分裂症和１８例健康对照的血清ＩＬ－６、ＴＮＦα和ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ水平。结果精神分裂症患者血清ＩＬ－６（Ｐ＜００１）和ＴＮＦα（Ｐ＜００５）水平显著高于健康对照,且血清ＩＬ－６水平男性患者显著高于女性患者（Ｐ＜００５）,阳性家族史患者显著高于阴性家族史患者（Ｐ＜００５）,但精神分裂症患者血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ水平与健康对照差异不显著（Ｐ＞００５）。结论精神分裂症存在ＩＬ－６和ＴＮＦα介导的免疫功能异常,血清ＩＬ－６水平可能是其亚型的标志之一。     

蛛网膜下腔出血和脑梗死患者IL—6水平研究

目的 分析蛛网膜下腔出血（ＳＡＨ）和脑梗死患者血清,脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）的白细胞介素－６（ＩＬ－６）水平变化特点,探讨ＩＬ－６与ＳＡＨ和脑梗死的关系。方法 用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定２０例ＳＡＨ患者,３８例脑梗死患者及２０例正常人血清,ＣＳＦ的ＩＬ－６水平,结果 脑梗死组血清ＩＬ－６水平较对照组明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＳＡＨ组血清,ＣＳＦ的ＩＬ－６水平较对照组明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＳＡＨ组ＣＳ     

蛛网膜下腔出血患者脑脊液白细胞介素6的变化及其意义

用噻唑兰（ＭＴＴ）法测定２０例原发性蛛网膜下腔出血（ＳＡＨ）及２０例对照组脑脊液白细胞介素６（ＩＬ－６）含量。结果：ＳＡＨ患者ＩＬ－６含量明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；临床出现症状性脑血管痉挛的患者ＩＬ－６含量高于无此并发症者（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＳＡＨ患者ＩＬ－６水平与ＨｕｎｔａｎｄＨｅｓ临床病情分级有正相关关系（ｒ＝０．４９１７，Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示免疫／炎症反应参与了ＳＡＨ后迟发性脑血管痉挛的发生。     

格林—巴利综合征患者血清TNF和IL—6的研究

为进一步探讨肿瘤坏死因子（ｔｕｍｏｒｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＴＮＦ）和白细胞介素６（ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ６，ＩＬ６）在ＧＢＳ免疫病理机制中的作用，采用放射免疫法ＥＩＬＳＡ法对３７例ＧＢＳ患者、３５例其它神经系统疾病患者及３０例正常人血清中的ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ６水平进行了测定。结果ＧＢＳ患者血清ＴＮＦ水平增高，与其它神经系统疾病组比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＧＢＳ患者血清ＩＬ６检测阳性率为６２．１６％，与其它神经系统疾病组及正常对照组比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．００１）。进一步分析发现ＧＢＳ患者血清ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ６升高的水平与病情轻重有关。我们的结果提示ＧＢＳ患者免疫功能失调，ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ６可能参与了ＧＢＳ的免疫病理机制，且与病情轻重有关     

蛛网膜下腔出血和脑梗死患者IL-6水平研究

目的分析蛛网膜下腔出血（ＳＡＨ）和脑梗死患者血清、脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）的白细胞介素-６（ＩＬ－６）水平变化特点．探讨ＩＬ－６与ＳＡＨ和脑梗死的关系。方法用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定２０例ＳＡＨ患者、３８例脑梗死患者及２０例正常人血清、ＣＳＦ的ＩＬ－６水平。结果脑梗死组血清ＩＬ－６水平较对照组明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）：ＳＡＨ组血清、ＣＳＦ的ＩＬ－６水平较对照组明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＳＡＨ组ＣＳＦ的ＩＬ－６水平比血清的ＩＬ－６水平明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＳＡＨ组第１天血清和第６天ＣＳＦ的ＩＬ－６平均水平为最高值。结论ＩＬ－６与脑梗死、ＳＡＨ发病有关，ＳＡＨ患者中枢神经系统与颅外免疫系统一样存在严重的免疫和炎症反应．而中枢神经系统与颅外免疫系统的免疫调节可能是不相同的。ＩＬ－６异常增高可能与ＳＡＨ后的脑血管痉挛（ＣＶＳ）和迟发性脑梗死有关。     

多发性硬化患者血清中可溶性白细胞介素-2受体的研究

目的：探讨多发性硬化（ＭＳ）患者血清中可溶性白细胞介素２受体水平的变化及临床意义。方法;采用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了２８例ＭＳ患者和３５例正常对照组血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平。结果：ＭＳ患者中,急性复发组和缓解组血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平均显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,而急性复发组患者ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平又较缓解组增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）,且与病情严重程度有关。结论：ＭＳ患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平异常增高,     

格林—巴利综合征患者血浆肿瘤坏死因子—α和白？…

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦ－α）和白介素－２（ＩＬ－２）在格林－巴利综合征（ＧＢＳ）发病机制中的应用。方法 应用ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗体夹心法,检测３１例ＧＢＳ患者血浆ＴＮＦ－α和ＩＬ－２浓度。结果 ３１例ＧＢＳ患者ＴＮＦ－α和ＩＬ－２浓度明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,且与临床分级显著相关（Ｐ〈０．０５）。１６例接受糖皮质激素治疗,病情好转的恢复期患者ＴＮＦ－α和ＩＬ－２浓度相应下降至正常或接近     

Sense of coherence as a predictor of subjective state of health: results of 4 years of follow-up of adults

A number of cross-sectional population studies have shown that a strong sense of coherence (SOC) is associated with various aspects of good perceived health. The association does not seem to be entirely attributable to underlying associations of SOC with other variables, such as age or level of education. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to determine whether SOC predicted subjective state of health. METHODS: The study was carried out as a two-way panel mail survey of 1976 individuals with 4 years interval for two collections of data. The statistical method used was multivariate cumulative logistic modeling. Age, initial subjective state of health, initial occupational training level, and initial degree of social integration were included as potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A strong SOC predicted good health in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: SOC can be interpreted as an autonomous internal resource contributing to a favorable development of subjective state of health. SOC data should, however, be regarded as complementary to and not a substitute for information already known to be associated with increased risk of future ill health.     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.