共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 166 毫秒
1.
Posserud MB Lundervold AJ Gillberg C 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2009,39(1):126-134
There is a lack of instruments validated for screening of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in general populations and primary
care settings. The Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) has previously been shown to have good screening properties
in clinical settings. We used the ASSQ to screen a total population of 7–9 year-olds (N = 9430) for ASD in the Bergen Child Study. Parents and teachers filled in the ASSQ, and high-scorers were invited for clinical
assessment, along with a large group of screen negative children. We found that the ASSQ was well suited as a general population
screen. Combining parent and teacher ASSQ and using cut-off score of ≥17 provided the most efficient screen with sensitivity
of 0.91 and specificity of 0.86. 相似文献
2.
Sung M Ooi YP Goh TJ Pathy P Fung DS Ang RP Chua A Lam CM 《Child psychiatry and human development》2011,42(6):634-649
We compared the effects of a 16-week Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) program and a Social Recreational (SR) program on
anxiety in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Seventy children (9–16 years old) were randomly assigned to either
of the programs (n
CBT = 36; n
SR = 34). Measures on child’s anxiety using the Spence Child Anxiety Scale—Child (SCAS-C) and the Clinical Global Impression—Severity
scale (CGI-S) were administered at pre-, post-treatment, and follow-ups (3- and 6-month). Children in both programs showed
significantly lower levels of generalized anxiety and total anxiety symptoms at 6-month follow-up on SCAS-C. Clinician ratings
on the CGI-S demonstrated an increase in the percentage of participants rated as “Normal” and “Borderline” for both programs.
Findings from the present study suggest factors such as regular sessions in a structured setting, consistent therapists, social
exposure and the use of autism-friendly strategies are important components of an effective framework in the management of
anxiety in children and adolescents with ASD. 相似文献
3.
Gagan Joshi Carter Petty Janet Wozniak Aude Henin Ronna Fried Maribel Galdo Meghan Kotarski Sarah Walls Joseph Biederman 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2010,40(11):1361-1370
The objective of the study was to systematically examine patterns of psychiatric comorbidity in referred youth with autism
spectrum disorders (ASD) including autistic disorder and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. Consecutively
referred children and adolescents to a pediatric psychopharmacology program were assessed with structured diagnostic interview
and measures of psychosocial functioning. Comparisons were made between those youth satisfying diagnostic criteria for ASD
and age and sex matched youth without ASD referred to the same clinical program. 9.3% (217/2323) of the referred youth (age
range: 3–17 years) met DSM-III-R criteria for ASD. ASD youth suffered from significantly higher number of comorbid disorders
than comparisons (6.4 ± 2.7 vs. 5.2 ± 2.9; p < 0.001). Ninety-five percent of the youth with ASD had three or more comorbid psychiatric disorders and 74% had five or
more comorbid disorders. ASD youth were also more functionally impaired and required extra-assistance in school and therapeutic
interventions at higher rates than age and sex matched non-ASD referred youth. Youth with ASD have high levels of psychiatric
comorbidity and dysfunction comparable to the referred population of youth without ASD. These findings emphasize the heavy
burden of psychiatric comorbidity afflicting youth with ASD and may be important targets for intervention. 相似文献
4.
Yahya M. Al-Farsi Marwan M. Al-Sharbati Omar A. Al-Farsi Mohammed S. Al-Shafaee Daniel R. Brooks Mostafa I. Waly 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2011,41(6):821-825
Prevalence of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) in Oman is unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence
of ASD among 0–14 year old children. Diagnoses were made as per DSM-IV-TR criteria and supplemented with information collected
with the standard Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) questionnaire. A total 113 cases of ASD were enumerated nationwide,
indicating an overall prevalence of 1.4 (95% CI 1.2, 1.7) cases per 10,000 children aged 0–14 years. More prevalent cases
were among boys (75%) and among low-income families. Ritualistic interests were more common among girls as an onset-symptom
compared to boys (p = 0.03). The reported low prevalence of ASD in Oman is likely due to under-diagnosis and under-reporting. 相似文献
5.
Social Competence and Social Skills Training and Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Albert J. Cotugno 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2009,39(9):1268-1277
This study examined the effectiveness of a 30 week social competence and social skills group intervention program with children,
ages 7–11, diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Eighteen children with ASD were assessed with pretreatment and
posttreatment measures on the Walker-McConnell Scale (WMS) and the MGH YouthCare Social Competence Development Scale. Each
received the 30-week intervention program. For comparison, a matched sample of ten non-ASD children was also assessed, but
received no treatment. The findings indicated that each ASD intervention group demonstrated significant gains on the WMS and
significant improvement in the areas of anxiety management, joint attention, and flexibility/transitions. Results suggest
that this approach can be effective in improving core social deficits in individuals with ASD.
Portions of this paper were presented at the annual convention of the American Psychological Association, Boston, August 2008. 相似文献
6.
Chien-Yu Pan Chia-Liang Tsai Chia-Hua Chu 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2009,39(12):1694-1705
The purpose of this study was to compare the movement skills of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and those without disabilities. Ninety-one children (ASD, n = 28; ADHD, n = 29; control, n = 34), ages 6–10 years, were of average IQ participated. After controlling for age, both ASD and ADHD groups scored significantly
lower than controls (p’s < .05) on overall gross motor development as well as locomotor and object control subtests, and the ASD group performed
more poorly than the ADHD group (p’s < .01) on both subtests. Of the children with ASD and ADHD, only 16% had clinical levels of impairment. Potential underlying
factors are discussed, with suggestions for future research. 相似文献
7.
Amy Drahota Jeffrey J. Wood Karen M. Sze Marilyn Van Dyke 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2011,41(3):257-265
CBT is a promising treatment for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and focuses, in part, on children’s independence
and self-help skills. In a trial of CBT for anxiety in ASD (Wood et al. in J Child Psychol Psychiatry 50:224–234, 2009), children’s daily living skills and related parental intrusiveness were assessed. Forty children with ASD (7–11 years) and
their primary caregiver were randomly assigned to an immediate treatment (IT; n = 17) or 3-month waitlist (WL; n = 23) condition. In comparison to WL, IT parents reported increases in children’s total and personal daily living skills,
and reduced involvement in their children’s private daily routines. Reductions correlated with reduced anxiety severity. These
results provide preliminary evidence that CBT may yield increased independence and daily living skills among children with
ASD. 相似文献
8.
Hopkins IM Gower MW Perez TA Smith DS Amthor FR Wimsatt FC Biasini FJ 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2011,41(11):1543-1555
This study assessed the efficacy of FaceSay, a computer-based social skills training program for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). This randomized controlled
study (N = 49) indicates that providing children with low-functioning autism (LFA) and high functioning autism (HFA) opportunities
to practice attending to eye gaze, discriminating facial expressions and recognizing faces and emotions in FaceSay’s structured
environment with interactive, realistic avatar assistants improved their social skills abilities. The children with LFA demonstrated
improvements in two areas of the intervention: emotion recognition and social interactions. The children with HFA demonstrated
improvements in all three areas: facial recognition, emotion recognition, and social interactions. These findings, particularly
the measured improvements to social interactions in a natural environment, are encouraging. 相似文献
9.
Judith K. Grether Sherian Xu Li Cathleen K. Yoshida Lisa A. Croen 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2010,40(2):238-245
We evaluated antenatal ultrasound (U/S) exposure as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), comparing affected
singleton children and control children born 1995–1999 and enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente health care system. Among children
with ASD (n = 362) and controls (n = 393), 13% had no antenatal exposure to U/S examinations; case–control differences in number of exposures during the entire
gestation or by trimester were small and not statistically significant. In analyses adjusted for covariates, cases were generally
similar to controls with regard to the number of U/S scans throughout gestation and during each trimester. This study indicates
that antenatal U/S is unlikely to increase the risk of ASD, although studies examining ASD subgroups remain to be conducted. 相似文献
10.
Barbaresi WJ Colligan RC Weaver AL Katusic SK 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2009,39(3):464-470
Autism prevalence studies have often relied on administrative prevalence or clinical diagnosis as case-identification strategies.
We report the incidence of clinical diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), versus research-identified autism among residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, age ≤21 years, from 1976–1997. The incidence of clinically diagnosed ASD (with 95% CI) was 1.5 per 100,000 (0.0–3.7) in 1980–1983 and 33.1 (22.8–43.3) in 1995–1997, a 22.1-fold increase. In contrast,
the incidence of research-identified autism increased from 5.5 (1.4–9.5) per 100,000 to 44.9 (32.9–56.9), an 8.2-fold increase. Only 46.8% of research-identified cases
received a clinical diagnosis of ASD. These findings demonstrate the potential for misleading interpretation of results from
epidemiologic studies that rely on clinical diagnosis of autism to identify cases. 相似文献