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目的 探讨P2Y1受体和星形胶质细胞在急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)中的作用以及DEACMP可能的发病机制。方法 经水迷宫实验筛选认知功能合格的雄性SD大鼠,随机分为两组:对照组、CO中毒组,CO中毒组制作DEACMP模型,分别于造模后第7天、第14天、第21天、第28天对比两组行为学改变,神经元变化以及海马组织中P2Y1受体和星型胶质细胞的表达。结果 通过水迷宫发现与对照组相比,造模后第21天、第28天CO中毒组大鼠逃避潜伏期均明显延长(P<0.05);HE染色发现造模后第14天、第21天、第28天模型组大鼠海马锥体细胞及神经元坏死明显,结合水迷宫可表明大鼠在21 d时出现DEACMP;与对照组相比,Western blot法检测提示各时间点CO中毒组海马区P2Y1及GFAP蛋白表达均增多(P<0.05),呈先升高后降低的趋势;免疫荧光表明海马区P2Y1和GFAP存在共表达,相对于对照组,中毒后各时间点海马CA1区P2Y1和GFAP都有表达上调(P<0.05)。结论 P2Y1受体对星形胶质细胞的激活可能是DEACMP的发病机...  相似文献   

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目的探讨致状态下大鼠海马内信号转导与转录激活因子3(STAT3)与星形胶质细胞增生的关系。方法匹罗卡品(PILO)腹腔注射建立大鼠颞叶癫模型,免疫组织化学方法观察阻滞JAK/STAT通路前后大鼠海马p-STAT3与胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)阳性细胞的表达规律,双重免疫荧光方法观察p-STAT3与GFAP阳性细胞的关系。结果癫发作3h(SE3h)时即出现STAT3在海马内被激活,SE3d时达高峰,之后渐降低,至SE30d时仍维持在较正常时略高的水平上;GFAP阳性细胞数的变化规律与之类似。预先用AG490阻断STAT3通路后,海马区p-STAT3及GFAP阳性细胞数均明显减少。双重免疫荧光结果发现p-STAT3阳性胞核位于GFAP阳性细胞胞浆中。结论匹罗卡品导致的癫伴有大鼠海马星形胶质细胞内STAT3的激活,STAT3的活化可能促进星形胶质细胞的反应性增生。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨Janus激酶2/信号转导和转录激活子3(JAK2/STAT3)途径可否介导凝血酶诱导的小胶质细胞肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)激活。方法 采用20U/mL凝血酶或AG490预处理(10μmol/L)+凝血酶(20U/mL)处理原代培养的小胶质细胞,经Western Blot法检测细胞Janus激酶1(JAK1)、磷酸化(P)-JAK1、P-JAK2、磷酸化-信号转导和转录激活子3(P-STAT3)、STAT3表达,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清上清液TNF-α水平。结果 经凝血酶处理2-12h后JAK2、STAT3发生了磷酸化,3-48h后TNF-α表达增加。经JAK激酶抑制剂AG490预处理后再经凝血酶处理的小胶质细胞的JAK2和STAT3激活显著减少,且TNF-α释放被抑制。结论 JAK2-STAT3途径可介导凝血酶诱导的小胶质细胞TNF-α激活。  相似文献   

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目的探究Gap19通过介导Cx43半通道活性和JAK2/STAT3通路对急性脑梗死(ACI)大鼠的影响。方法 24只SD大鼠随机分为3组:对照组、MCAO组和MCAO+Gap19组,每组8只。建立ACI大鼠模型(MCAO)和氧葡萄糖剥夺(OGD)体外模型。TTC染色检测大鼠脑梗死面积;mNSS法检测大鼠神经功能缺损;CCK-8检测星形胶质细胞活力;Western blot检测NVU模型Cx43、Cleaved caspase-3、Bcl、Bax和JAK2/STAT3通路相关基因的蛋白表达;溴化乙锭摄取实验检测星形胶质细胞中半通道活性;免疫荧光法检测星形胶质细胞中pSTAT3和Cx43的共定位。结果 MCAO处理导致大鼠脑梗死面积和神经功能缺损均显著上调(P 0.05),Gap19处理显著下调大鼠脑梗死面积和神经功能缺损(P 0.05)。OGD处理导致NVU模型Cx43的蛋白表达和半通道活性显著上调(P 0.05),细胞活力显著下调(P 0.05),促进细胞凋亡;Gap19处理显著上调OGD处理后NVU模型细胞活力(P 0.05),显著下调Cx43的蛋白表达和星形胶质细胞的半通道活性(P 0.05),抑制细胞凋亡,促进JAK2/STAT3通路活化,其中Cx43与pSTAT3存在共定位关系。结论 Gap19通过抑制Cx43半通道和活化JAK2/STAT3通路发挥对ACI大鼠的保护作用。  相似文献   

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目的:探讨不同浓度的非特异性磷酸二酯酶(PDEs)抑制剂3-异丁基-1-甲基黄嘌呤(IBMX)对星形胶质细胞中环磷酸乌苷(cGMP)浓度及胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达的影响。方法:体外纯化培养的SD乳鼠大脑皮质星形胶质细胞经鉴定(GFAP阳性)后随机分成8组,经不同浓度的IBMX干预后,用放射免疫法测定胞内cGMP浓度,免疫荧光测定细胞的GFAP荧光强度值。结果:IBMX0.3和0.4mmol·L-1干预后,cGMP浓度及GFAP表达量与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05),两者水平随IBMX干预浓度的增加而增高,呈显著正相关(相关系数为O.95)。结论:IBMX可抑制PDEs的表达和cGMP降解。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨下调磷酸化应激诱导蛋白1(STIP1)表达对胶质瘤U251细胞增殖、侵袭和凋亡的影响,及其对JAK2/STAT3信号通路的调控作用。方法 免疫印迹法检测体外培养的正常胶质细胞(SVG)和人胶质瘤细胞(U251、U87和U37)STIP1蛋白表达水平。NC-siRNA或STIP1-siRNA质粒转染U251细胞,CCK-8法检测U251细胞增殖;Transwell实验检测U251细胞侵袭能力;流式细胞术检测U251细胞凋亡率;免疫印迹法检测JAK2/STAT3信号通路蛋白表达水平。结果 与正常胶质细胞SVG比较,胶质瘤细胞U251、U87和U373的STIP1蛋白表达水平均明显增高(P<0.05)。与NC-siRNA组比较,STIP1-siRNA组STIP1蛋白表达水平、细胞增殖活力和细胞侵袭力明显明显降低(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率明显增高(P<0.05),而且,p-JAK2和p-STAT3蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 STIP1在胶质瘤细胞中呈高表达,抑制STIP1表达可以抑制胶质瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭、促进凋亡,机制可能与抑制JAK2/STAT3信号通路有关。  相似文献   

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目的探究蛋白激酶D1(PKD1)对β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的阿尔茨海默病(AD细胞模型的调节作用和分子机制。方法分别以0、10、20、30、40、50μmol·L~(-1)的Aβ25-35处理SHSY5Y细胞24 h,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,MTT检测细胞活力,蛋白印迹法(Western blotting)检测PKD1蛋白水平变化。在AD细胞模型中分别过表达和干扰PKD1,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和活性氧(ROS),Western blotting检测凋亡相关蛋白(B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(Bcl-2)和B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-xl(Bcl-x L))、磷酸化c-Jun氨基末端激酶(P-JNK)、磷酸化细胞外调节蛋白激酶(p-ERK 1/2)、磷酸化JAK激酶2(p-JAK2)、磷酸化信号传导及转录激活蛋白3(p-STAT3)及其下游靶基因c-Myc的蛋白水平变化。过表达PKD1同时添加10μmol·L~(-1) FLLL32(JAK2/STAT3通路抑制剂)处理AD细胞模型,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和ROS,Western blotting检测Bcl-2、Bcl-x L、P-JNK和P-ERK 1/2蛋白水平变化。结果 30μmol·L~(-1) Aβ25-35处理SH-SY5Y细胞,细胞存活率和凋亡率分别约为70%和20%(P0.05),为构建AD模型的最适浓度。过表达PKD1抑制Aβ25-35诱导的细胞凋亡增加、ROS升高、Bcl-2和Bcl-x L蛋白表达下调、P-JNK和P-ERK1/2蛋白表达上调;干扰PKD1,加剧Aβ25-35对细胞的毒性作用。过表达PKD1,P-JAK2、P-STAT3和C-Myc蛋白表达上调;干扰PKD1,p-JAK2、p-STAT3和c-Myc蛋白表达下调。FLLL32处理抑制PKD1对AD细胞模型的作用。结论 Aβ诱导SH-SY5Y神经细胞中P-JAK2、P-STAT3表达下调和P-JNK和P-ERK 1/2表达上调。过表达PKD1可通过上调p-JAK2、p-STAT3的表达抑制P-JNK和P-ERK 1/2表达,缓解Aβ对细胞的毒性作用。  相似文献   

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目的 探究右美托咪定(Dex)基于CREB/PGC-1 α信号通路调控星形胶质细胞线粒体功能在大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤中的作用。方法 采用改良的Zen-land法制作大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)模型,分别在造模后评估假手术(Sham)组、脑缺血再灌注模型(MCAO)组,脑缺血再灌注加药(MCAO+Dex)组大鼠神经功能损伤,脑梗死面积,实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)和蛋白印迹检测环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(CREB)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ共激活因子-1α(PGC-1α)的mRNA及蛋白表达;透射电子显微镜检测线粒体形态,免疫荧光法检测星形胶质细胞活性氧物质(ROS)及细胞凋亡。制备氧糖剥夺/复氧(OGD/R)星形胶质细胞模型,分为对照组(Control)、溶剂组(OGD/R-Dex0)、低剂量组(OGD/R-Dex-L)、高剂量组(OGD/R-Dex-H),qPCR检测CREB、PGC-lα的mRNA水平,免疫荧光和WB检测CREB、PGC-1α的蛋白表达。在OGD/R星形胶质细胞模型Dex处理的基础上过表达CR...  相似文献   

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目的研究阻滞弥漫性脑损伤急性期ERKI/2信号通路过度激活对星形胶质细胞反应的影响。方法制作大鼠外伤性弥漫性脑损伤模型,打击损伤前30min自尾静脉注射U0126。Westemblot法检测损伤脑皮层pERKl/2表达水平,免疫组化染色法检测pERKl/2和GFAP在损伤脑组织中的表达。结果pERKl/2表达在损伤后迅速、显著升高,5min为表达高峰,其后下降,但直到损伤后72h都有高水平表达,至7d下降至基础水平。损伤后各个时间点,U0126组pERKl/2水平较DBI组明显降低(P〈0.05)。U0126组与DBI组比较,12~72h各时间点GFAP阳性细胞平均光密度值降低(P〈0.05)。结论弥漫性脑损伤诱导了强烈的ERKl/2信号通路激活和星形胶质细胞反应。U0126能够剂量依赖性抑制GFAP的表达,抑制急性期星形胶质细胞反应。  相似文献   

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Ciliary neurotrophic factor has neuroprotective effects mediated through signal transducer and Janus kinase (JAK) 2/activator of transcrip-tion 3 (STAT3) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways. Whether ciliary neurotrophic factor is neuroprotective for glutamate-induced excitotoxicity of dorsal root ganglion neurons is poorly understood. In the present study, the in vitro neuroprotective effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity were determined in a primary culture of dorsal root ganglion neurons from Wistar rat embryos at embryonic day 15. Whether the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were related to the protective effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor was also determined. Glutamate exposure inhibited neurite outgrowth, cell viability, and growth-associated protein 43 expression and promoted apoptotic neuronal cell death, all of which were reversed by the administration of exogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor. Additionally, preincubation with either JAK2 inhibitor AG490 or PI3K inhibitor LY294002 blocked the neuroprotective effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor. These data indicate that the two pathways JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt play major roles in mediating the in vitro neuroprotective effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor on dorsal root ganglion neurons with glutamate-in-duced neurotoxicity.  相似文献   

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This study describes the involvement of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) during interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) signaling in fetal brain astrocytes. In some pathological conditions of brain, p38 MAPK transduces stress-related signals, increases expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and induces cellular damage or apoptosis. In astrocytes, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression level was increased by IFN-gamma. AG490, a JAK inhibitor, blocked TRAIL expression induced by IFN-gamma. SB203580, a specific p38alpha and p38beta2 MAPK inhibitor, decreased the TRAIL expression induced by IFN-gamma. The phosphorylation of the Ser727 site of STAT1, but not the Tyr701 site, was inhibited by SB203580. These results suggest that p38 MAPK modulates STAT1 phosphorylation in IFN-gamma signaling in fetal brain astrocytes.  相似文献   

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Kobori N  Moore AN  Dash PK 《Brain research》2006,1086(1):142-151
High dopamine levels can contribute to neuronal dysfunction, impair plasticity and be toxic to neuronal cells in pathological conditions. The synthesis of dopamine is regulated by phosphorylation of the rate-limiting enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) under physiological conditions, with the phosphorylation of Ser31 and Ser40 directly increasing TH activity. Although a third phosphorylation site, Ser19, does not appear to directly regulate TH activity in physiological conditions, its role in pathological conditions is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of serum deprivation (to mimic loss of retrogradely/anterogradely transported target-derived neurotrophic factors following axonal injury) and glutamate receptor stimulation (to mimic excitotoxicity) on TH phosphorylation and activity in a cell line and in mesencephalic primary culture cells. In addition, we also tested whether glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) can alter these changes. We demonstrate that serum-deprivation resulted in a sustained increase in Ser19 phosphorylation beginning at 3 h and lasting up to 10 h without any detectable change in Ser31 or Ser40 phosphorylation within this time frame. This increase in Ser19 phosphorylation was associated with enhanced TH activity and was due, in part, to glutamate-receptor-mediated calcium influx and possibly calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activation. Interestingly in this serum-deprivation model, GDNF blocked the increase in Ser19 phosphorylation and TH activity at the 10-h time point following serum deprivation. Furthermore, GDNF also blocked the glutamate-mediated increase in Ser19 phosphorylation in rat primary mesencephalic neuronal cultures. Taken together, these findings suggest that GDNF may reduce dopamine synthesis in pathological conditions.  相似文献   

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Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), a unique member of the CDK family of cyclin-dependent kinases, is predominantly expressed in postmitotic neurons with proposed roles in both cell survival and programmed cell death. To understand how CDK5 participates in such disparate cellular outcomes, we investigated whether activation of CDK5 could mediate neuroprotection from serum deprivation by mu-opioid receptor agonist in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and primary hippocampal neurons. We found that CDK5 kinase activity decreased following serum deprivation in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells coincident with increased cell loss and activation of caspases cascade activation, which was reversed by opioid antagonist. Overexpression of CDK5 in serum-free medium reversed activation of caspase cascade and augmented DAMGO neuroprotection. Blocking CDK5 activity by pharmacologic inhibitor, roscovitine or overexpression of dominant negative CDK5 augmented activation of cell death markers and diminished mu-opioid receptor agonist protection. Reduction in CDK5 activity corresponded to reduction in protein levels of CDK5 activator p35 during serum deprivation which was also reversed by mu-opioid receptor agonist. Phosphorylation of STAT3 at Serine 727 by CDK5 decreased during serum deprivation, and partly recovered by mu-opioid agonist. PI3K signaling pathway was not required for CDK5-mediated mu-opioid neuroprotection against serum deprivation. These findings indicate that neuroprotection by mu-opioid receptor agonist against serum deprivation is mediated by activation of CDK5 through up-regulation of p35 and phosphorylation of STAT3 by CDK5 may contribute to the neuroprotection.  相似文献   

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Accumulating evidence indicates that resveratrol potently protects against cerebral ischemia damage due to its oxygen free radicals scavenging and antioxidant properties. However, cellular mechanisms that may underlie the neuroprotective effects of resveratrol in brain ischemia are not fully understood yet. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol and the apoptosis/survival signaling pathways, in particular the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK‐3β) and cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB) through phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3‐K)‐dependent pathway. An experimental model of global cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by the four‐vessel occlusion method for 10 min and followed by different periods of reperfusion. Nissl staining indicated extensive neuronal death at 7 days after ischemia/reperfusion. Administration of resveratrol by i.p. injections (30 mg/kg) for 7 days before ischemia significantly attenuated neuronal death. Both GSK‐3β and CREB appear to play a critical role in resveratrol neuroprotection through the PI3‐K/Akt pathway, as resveratrol pretreatment increased the phosphorylation of Akt, GSK‐3β and CREB in 1 h in the CA1 hippocampus after ischemia/reperfusion. Furthermore, administration of LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3‐K, compromised the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol and decreased the level of p‐Akt, p‐GSK‐3β and p‐CREB after ischemic injury. Taken together, the results suggest that resveratrol protects against delayed neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 by maintaining the pro‐survival states of Akt, GSK‐3β and CREB pathways. These data suggest that the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol may be mediated through activation of the PI3‐K/Akt signaling pathway, subsequently downregulating expression of GSK‐3β and CREB, thereby leading to prevention of neuronal death after brain ischemia in rats.  相似文献   

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