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1.
目的探讨人际社会节奏疗法(IPSRT)对首发青少年抑郁障碍的效果,为首发青少年抑郁障碍的治疗提供参考。方法纳入符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)诊断标准的首发青少年抑郁障碍患者为研究对象,共310例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组(n=155)和对照组(n=155),研究组接受IPSRT治疗,对照组接受常规心理干预,两组均连续干预2周。分别于干预前和干预2周后,采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表24项版(HAMD-24)和人际交往能力问卷(ICQ)进行评定,采用便携式睡眠监测仪评定两组患者的睡眠质量。结果干预后,研究组HAMA[(5.92±1.04)分vs.(10.23±1.09)分,t=-10.310,P0.01]、入睡时间[(0.26±0.09)h vs.(1.29±0.78)h,t=-4.701,P0.01]和卧床时间[(10.19±0.99)h vs.(11.30±1.38)h,t=-2.353,P=0.027]均低于对照组;研究组ICQ的主动交往[(20.23±1.59)分vs.(17.38±1.33)分,t=4.959,P0.01]、适当拒绝[(14.77±1.17)分vs.(11.77±1.48)分,t=5.740,P0.01]、自我表露[(20.92±1.66)分vs.(16.15±1.46)分,t=7.780,P0.01]、情感支持[(21.00±1.53)分vs.(18.85±1.99)分,t=3.092,P0.01]维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义。结论对首发青少年抑郁障碍患者实施IPSRT可能有助于改善其睡眠质量,调整不良心理状态,提高人际交往能力。  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨精神疾病患者的家庭环境及其一级亲属人格特征,为改善精神疾病患者康复环境进行有针对性的心理干预提供参考。方法将2014年1月-5月在郑州大学第一附属医院精神医学科住院的190例符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)精神与行为障碍诊断的患者作为病例组,进行家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)测评,对179名精神疾病患者一级亲属进行艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)测评,同期选取181名健康志愿者作为对照组,对所有入组的健康志愿者进行FES-CV和EPQ测评。结果病例组FES-CV中矛盾性和控制性因子评分均高于对照组[(3.58±2.02)分vs.(2.80±1.64)分,(3.43±2.08)分vs.(2.96±1.49)分,t=4.14、2.52,P0.05或0.01];病例组FES-CV中亲密度、情感表达、娱乐性、组织性评分均低于对照组[(5.91±2.20)分vs.(6.57±1.20)分,(4.56±1.82)分vs.(5.31±1.44)分,(3.43±2.29)分vs.(4.40±1.95)分,(4.75±2.06)分vs.(5.31±1.99)分,t=-3.07、-4.39、-4.43、-2.65,P0.05或0.01]。病例组一级亲属EPQ中精神质和神经质评分均高于对照组[(52.71±9.90)vs.(42.71±10.59)分,(54.44±11.97)分vs.(45.96±11.49)分,t=9.26、6.84,P均0.01]。结论精神疾病患者的家庭环境存在低亲密度、低情感表达、低娱乐性及低组织性特征,同时矛盾性和控制性在患者的家庭氛围中比较明显,且精神疾病患者的一级亲属多具有神经质和精神质的人格特点。  相似文献   

3.
卢迪  兰萌  邹萍 《四川精神卫生》2018,31(5):420-423
目的探讨巴林特小组对儿科护士职业倦怠、抑郁和焦虑情绪的影响,为改善其心理健康状况提供参考。方法选取天津市儿童医院儿科护士共72例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各36例。对照组接受常规护理培训,研究组在此基础上接受巴林特小组培训,培训时间均为8周。于培训前后采用职业倦怠量表(MBI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行评定。结果培训后,研究组MBI中情感枯竭和去人性化因子评分低于对照组,个人成就因子评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义[(15. 86±6. 63)分vs.(20. 45±7. 91)分,t=2. 668,P=0. 009;(4. 28±2. 64)分vs.(6. 37±3. 48)分,t=2. 871,P=0. 005;(29. 43±5. 58)分vs.(24. 82±6. 87)分,t=3. 125,P=0. 003];培训后,研究组SDS、SAS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义[(27. 31±5. 56)分vs.(30. 46±5. 88)分,t=2. 336,P=0. 022;(26. 18±5. 27)分vs.(29. 76±5. 62)分,t=2. 788,P=0. 007]。结论运用巴林特小组可能有助于改善儿科护士的职业倦怠、抑郁和焦虑情绪,提高其心理健康水平。  相似文献   

4.
目的探究接纳承诺疗法(ACT)对社交焦虑大学生紧张焦虑情绪及经验性回避的干预效果。方法在南昌大学招募并筛查出社交焦虑量表问卷(SAI)评分60分的被试共24人,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组。研究组接受6周的ACT团体心理辅导,对照组进行一般心理健康教育。于基线期、干预后1周及干预后2月采用SAI和接纳与行动问卷第二版(AAQ-II)对两组进行评定。结果干预后1周,研究组SAI紧张焦虑维度评分和总评分均低于对照组[(28. 20±4. 08)分vs.(36. 00±6. 82)分,(65. 40±7. 78)分vs.(74. 78±8. 78)分,t=-3. 065、-2. 471,P0. 05或0. 01]。干预后2月,研究组SAI紧张焦虑维度评分、总评分和AAQ-Ⅱ评分均低于对照组[(27. 90±4. 48)分vs.(34. 00±7. 65)分,(64. 00±8. 08)分vs.(73. 11±8. 77)分,(29. 20±6. 16)分vs.(35. 78±7. 20)分,t=-2. 149、-2. 357、-2. 145,P均0. 05]。结论 ACT团体心理辅导可能有助于降低社交焦虑大学生的紧张焦虑情绪及经验性回避。  相似文献   

5.
目的:探讨单相与双相抑郁症患者在童年虐待经历、认知偏差、认知情绪调节方面的差别。方法:采用认知情绪调节问卷中文版(CERQ-C)、Beck抑郁自评量表(BDI)、功能失调性认知态度问卷(DAS)、儿童期受虐经历问卷(CTQ-SF)对83例发作期双相抑郁障碍患者、76例发作期单相抑郁患者进行评定。结果:双相抑郁组CTQ-SF总分[(41. 34±5. 92) vs.(38. 28±7. 90)]及躯体虐待[(6. 81±1. 93) vs.(6. 08±1. 80)]、性虐待因子[(6. 35±1. 49) vs.(5. 42±0. 94)]分均显著高于单相抑郁组,差异具有统计学意义(t值依次为2. 78、2. 45、4. 66; P 0. 05或P 0. 01)。双相抑郁组DAS强制性因子[(22. 12±3. 55) vs.(20. 82±4. 51)]、依赖性因子[(22. 43±5. 20) vs.(19. 87±5. 18)]、自主性态度因子分[(24. 63±7. 24) vs.(22. 41±5. 95)]及CERQ-C自我责难[(14. 24±2. 47) vs(13. 43±2. 42)]、接受因子分[(13. 98±3. 66) vs (12. 82±2. 94)]显著高于单相抑郁组,而认知哲学因子分[(16. 47±5. 42)vs.(18. 45±4. 00)]低于单相抑郁组,差异具有统计学意义(t值依次为2. 04、3. 11、2. 10、-2. 60,P 0. 05或P 0. 01)。结论:双相抑郁较单相抑郁症患者可能具有更多的童年虐待经历,更为严重的功能失调性认知态度与认知情绪调节问题。  相似文献   

6.
目的研究社区康复联合药物治疗对农村社区精神分裂症患者康复的效果,为我国农村地区精神分裂症患者社区康复提供参考。方法选择兰州新区三个镇农村社区中符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)精神分裂症诊断标准的患者81例,按随机数字表法分为研究组(n=39)和对照组(n=42),两组均接受一般药物治疗,研究组在此基础上接受6个月的社区康复干预。于干预前后采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)和精神分裂症患者生活质量量表(SQLS)评定两组患者的精神病性症状、社会功能和生活质量。结果干预后,研究组PANSS总评分[(55.54±14.75)分vs.(63.52±13.95)分,t=-2.504,P=0.014]、阴性症状[(15.64±4.50)分vs.(18.38±5.13)分,t=-2.547,P=0.013]和一般精神病理分量表评分[(25.67±7.39)分vs.(30.35±6.60)分,t=-3.015,P=0.003]均低于对照组;研究组SDSS总评分[(8.21±3.78)分vs.(10.21±4.67)分,t=-2.118,P=0.037]和SQLS总评分[(18.97±6.23)分vs.(22.43±8.04)分,t=2.150,P=0.035]均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义。结论社区康复联合药物治疗可能有助于减轻农村社区精神分裂症患者的精神病性症状,提高社会功能,改善生活质量。  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨家庭环境因素对青少年抑郁情绪及共病焦虑的影响。方法 采用整群抽样法, 于2014 年12 月对河南省新乡市170 名初中生进行一般社会资料问卷、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表、焦虑自 评量表(SAS)、家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)评估测评后,对结果进行分析。结果 (1)有效问卷167 份, 有抑郁情绪27名,女性9名,男性18名;(2)抑郁情绪组的家庭环境亲密度因子分明显低于对照组(t=4.51, P < 0.05),矛盾性因子分明显高于对照组(t=-4.33,P < 0.05);(3)抑郁情绪非共病焦虑情绪组和抑郁情 绪共病焦虑情绪组的家庭环境因子,矛盾性因子分比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论 青少年 家庭环境亲密度和矛盾性是影响青少年抑郁情绪及共病焦虑的重要因素。  相似文献   

8.
目的调查医务人员职业倦怠与工作满意度情况。方法采用随机数字表法选取佛山市公立医院医务人员1 620名,采用职业生活质量量表(Pro QOL)、明尼苏达工作满意度问卷短式量表(MSQ)、主观幸福感量表(SHS)进行评定。结果共收集有效问卷1 423份;30≤年龄40岁的医务人员职业倦怠评分高于20≤年龄30岁者[(28.29±5.38)分vs.(27.27±5.20)分,t=-1.02,P=0.014],医生职业倦怠评分高于护士[(28.34±5.29)分vs.(27.34±5.16)分,t=-1.00,P=0.009],中级职称医务人员职业倦怠评分高于初级职称者[(28.28±5.16)分vs.(27.36±5.25)分,t=0.92,P=0.020],硕士学历者职业倦怠评分高于专科学历者[(28.49±4.96)分vs.(27.08±5.30)分,t=1.42,P=0.043],精神专科医院及口腔医院的医务人员职业倦怠评分低于其他医院医务人员[(25.39±5.00)分vs.(26.03±4.22)分,F=11.62,P0.01],而工作满意度评分[(72.98±9.52)分vs.(71.18±8.07)分,F=7.31,P0.01]和主观幸福感评分[(20.02±3.94)分vs.(20.33±3.67)分,F=5.65,P0.01)]均高于其他医院。结论 30≤年龄40岁、医生、中级职称、硕士学历的医务人员职业倦怠水平较高,精神专科医院及口腔医院医务人员职业倦怠水平较低且工作满意度和主观幸福感较高。  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间安徽省13~18岁中学生的应对方式及其与焦虑情绪的关系。方法于2020年2月13日-19日,采用方便抽样方法,以网络问卷形式,使用中学生应对方式量表(CSSMSS)及儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查量表(SCARED)对安徽省中学生进行横断面调查。结果CSSMSS评定结果显示,女生发泄情绪维度评分高于男生[(8.27±2.98)分vs.(7.84±2.91)分],高中生的忍耐[(9.74±2.73)分vs.(9.11±2.60)分]、逃避[(7.82±2.79)分vs.(7.26±2.44)分]、发泄情绪[(8.48±2.97)分vs.(7.91±2.93)分]、幻想/否认[(9.79±3.56)分vs.(9.26±3.47)分]四个维度评分高于初中生,问题解决[(19.38±4.07)分vs.(20.33±4.54)分]维度评分低于初中生,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05或0.01)。相关分析结果显示,中学生CSSMSS的忍耐、逃避、发泄情绪、幻想/否认评分与SCARED总评分均呈正相关(r=0.348、0.287、0.390、0.501,P均<0.01)。结论COVID-19疫情期间,安徽省不同性别、不同年级中学生的应对方式存在差异,且部分应对方式与焦虑情绪相关。  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨"一站式"社区系统家庭治疗模式对精神分裂症患者家庭环境和自测健康状况的影响。方法将病情处于缓解期的精神分裂症患者120例分为研究组和对照组各60例,两组病例均维持抗精神病药物治疗和一般性健康教育,研究组在"社区工疗站"定期接受系统家庭治疗,对照组不参与"社区工疗站"活动。采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)、家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)在治疗前及治疗两年后对两组患者进行评定。结果治疗后研究组和对照组PANSS评分、SRHMS总评分差异均有统计学意义[(50.01±13.93)分vs.(78.59±14.88)分,(339.97±41.86)分vs.(290.46±41.84)分,P均0.01]。结论 "一站式"社区系统家庭治疗可能有助于稳定精神分裂症患者的病情,减少复发,提高患者的健康自测水平。  相似文献   

11.
目的 探讨家庭干预辅助碳酸锂治疗康复期双相情感障碍的效果,为提高治疗效果提供参考。 方法 选取2018年1月-12月在佛山市第三人民医院住院治疗出院后2个月、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第5版)》(DSM-5)双相情感障碍诊断标准、病情稳定且持续服用碳酸锂治疗的患者68例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各34例,两组均接受碳酸锂治疗,研究组采用家庭干预辅助碳酸锂治疗,两组均治疗4个月,其中家庭干预每两周一次。于干预前后采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评定患者的焦虑和抑郁症状,干预后采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评定患者的生活质量。 结果 干预后研究组SAS、SDS总评分低于对照组[(47.21±2.79)分vs.(52.79±2.42)分,(53.32±2.43)分vs.(56.41±3.49)分,t=8.813、4.231,P均<0.01]。研究组WHOQOL-BREF的生理、心理、社会关系领域评分以及总评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义[(5.62±0.63)分vs.(4.29±0.35)分,(12.42±4.24)分vs.(5.38±1.34)分,(3.46±0.34)分vs.(1.38±0.53)分,(39.14±11.21)分vs.(29.19±4.42)分,t=4.815~19.260,P均<0.01]。 结论 家庭干预辅助碳酸锂治疗康复期双相情感障碍患者的效果可能优于单用碳酸锂治疗,其生活质量更高。  相似文献   

12.
目的探讨团体森田疗法对接受肝癌开腹手术治疗的患者生活质量的影响,为提高其生活质量及身心健康水平提供参考。方法选取在广西壮族自治区南宁市某医院接受手术治疗的肝癌患者170例为研究对象,并随机分为实验组(n=78)和对照组(n=92)。对照组不做心理干预,仅对实验组实施团体森田治疗。使用癌症患者生活质量测定量表(EORTC QLQ-C30)评定两组患者的生活质量,对照组进行第一次评定后间隔两周再次评定,实验组分别于团体森田治疗前和治疗结束后一周进行评定。结果实验组第二次评定的躯体功能[(83.41±14.60)分vs.(62.82±31.22)分]、角色功能[(81.83±24.70)分vs.(57.24±35.05)分]、情绪功能[(75.64±23.13)分vs.(52.17±34.98)分]、认知功能[(78.20±22.03)分vs.(57.97±34.54)分]、社会功能[(61.32±28.74)分vs.(48.91±35.70)分]和总体健康状况评分[(62.92±22.85)分vs.(46.73±29.26)分]均高于对照组第二次评分(P均0.05)。结论团体森田疗法可能有助于提高肝癌手术患者的躯体功能、角色功能、情绪功能、认知功能和社会功能,改善其总体健康状况。  相似文献   

13.
ObjectivesNumerous studies have shown that the sleep and well-being of children and their parents are closely related. Previous studies have relied on subjective sleep data and have focused mostly on younger preadolescent children. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the relationship between the sleep patterns of adolescents and those of their parents using objective assessment of sleep.MethodsForty-seven families took part in this study. The sample comprised 80 adolescents (age: 16.3 ± 2.0 years; 44 males/36 females), 47 mothers (age: 49.5 ± 4.0 years), and 39 fathers (age: 50.8 ± 5.1 years). All participants individually completed questionnaires related to psychological functioning and sleep. Sleep-EEGs were assessed for all family members in their homes.ResultsAdolescents' and parents' objective sleep patterns were associated. In particular, the sleep continuity and architecture of adolescents and their mothers were strongly related. Additionally, significant relationships between objectively assessed sleep patterns, subjective sleep disturbances, depression scores and family climate held true for equally adolescents and mothers. Also, substantial links were found between adolescents' and parents' subjective sleep disturbances, depressive symptoms, and perceived family climate.ConclusionThe present findings document objectively for the first time the existence of relationships between adolescents' sleep and well-being and parents' sleep and well-being. These relationships were apparent regardless of whether subjective or objective sleep data were considered. The overall pattern of results strongly indicates that adolescents' sleep and well-being and family functioning are related.  相似文献   

14.
ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED) and its impact on sleep and quality of life in children and adolescents.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Municipality of Cássia dos Coqueiros, Brazil. Participants included 383 children and adolescents 5–17 years of age. A comparison group was randomly matched by gender and age with the RLS/WED-affected individuals, pairing one by one.ResultsInterviews were conducted for 383 individuals by a neurologist experienced in sleep medicine. RLS/WED was diagnosed using the essential clinical criteria for definitive RLS/WED in children recommended by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group. Sleep and quality of life were evaluated using the Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) and the Health-related Quality of Life Questionnaire─Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Comparisons were established with a group of randomly selected individuals without RLS/WED, matched by age and gender (control group). The prevalence of RLS/WED symptoms that manifested at least twice a week was 1.9%. The average age of children with RLS/WED was higher compared to the general population (11.5 ± 2.3 vs 9.9 ± 2.5, p < 0.005). A family history of RLS/WED was detected in 90.9% of the patients. The scores obtained by SBQ were higher (53.9 ± 9.4 vs 47.6 ± 10.9, p < 0.047), whereas the scores achieved by PedsQL were lower (69.8 ± 14.8 vs 81.9 ± 10.4, p < 0.003) in children with RLS/WED compared to controls.ConclusionThe prevalence of RLS/WED symptoms manifested at least twice in the preceding week was 1.9% in children and adolescents. Worsened sleep and quality of life were observed in the study.  相似文献   

15.
目的:评估门诊焦虑障碍青少年团体认知行为治疗(GCBT)的有效性。方法:对儿童青少年门诊就诊的70例13~18岁焦虑障碍青少年采用随机抽样方法,分为GCBT组和等待对照(WLC)组。GCBT组接受为期8周、每周1次、每次120 min的GCBT治疗。在治疗前填写自制一般情况问卷,治疗前、治疗8周后、治疗结束3个月后用儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)进行测试。结果:GCBT组共34例完成研究,3个月后的随访有17例参加。WLC组共22例完成8周随访。与WLC组相比GCBT组治疗后青少年焦虑障碍患者SCARED总分及广泛性焦虑、躯体化、社交焦虑、分离性焦虑因子分呈显著性下降(t=6.24,P0.01;t=4.58,P0.01,t=4.31,P0.01,t=4.17,P0.01)。治疗结束后3个月随访发现患者SCARED总分及广泛性焦虑、躯体化、社交焦虑、分离性焦虑因子分呈明显下降趋势(F=11.26,P0.01;F=11.38,P0.01;F=11.01,P0.01;F=20.02;P0.01)。结论:GCBT能有效缓解门诊焦虑障碍青少年的焦虑情绪。  相似文献   

16.
BackgroundBehavioural difficulties are common in children with sleep disorders. However, up to now no study has investigated the association between sleep-related movement disorders (SRMD) and behavior in children with craniofacial cleft. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and impact of SRMD and growing pains in daytime/bedtime behavior in young children with cleft palate.MethodsCross-sectional survey study of sleep and behavior in 2.0–6.9 year old children with cleft palate. Parents completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, which queries reports of periodic limb movements (PLMS), restless leg syndrome (RLS), growing pains, daytime sleepiness, sleep latency/duration, and the Conners' Early Childhood Questionnaire which asks about behavioral difficulties.ResultsAmong 71 children with cleft palate (52.1% boys) 14.1 % screened positive for PLMS, 8.5% reported RLS and 9.9% growing pains. Children who screened positive for PLMS and RLS were more likely to report sleepiness (PLMS 40% vs. 4.9%, p = 0.001; RLS 33.3% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.04) and long sleep latency (PLMS 80% vs. 32.8%, p = 0.005; RLS 100% vs. 33.8%, p = 0.002) compared to those who did not endorse the respective sleep problems. Children who reported PLMS had a higher T-score for emotional (58.2 ± 7.6 vs. 50.7 ± 8.4, p = 0.01) and somatic symptoms (66.2 ± 15.2 vs. 49.9 ± 9.5, p = 0.0001). Sleepiness was associated to an increased frequency of externalizing, psychiatric and somatic problems. While children with long sleep latency reported more emotional and somatic symptoms, and those with reduced sleep duration more internalizing difficulties.ConclusionsParents of young children with cleft palate reported frequently PLMS, RLS and growing pains. Daytime/bedtime behavior varies depending on the presence of SRMD. Sleepiness and sleep variables might play a role on behavioural problems in children with cleft and SRMD symptoms.  相似文献   

17.
ABSTRACT

Objective: To examine differences in family functioning between the families of patients with depressive disorders and with schizophrenia.

Method: Families of patients with the diagnoses of depressive disorders and the diagnosis of schizophrenia were compared, n = 30 each group. The instruments included a semistructured interview instrument of family functioning and the Chulalongkorn Family Inventory (CFI), which is a self-report questionnaire in the Thai language designed to assess the perception of one's family.

Results: From the assessment with the semistructured interview instrument 96.7% of the families of patients with depressive disorders and 70.0% of the families of patients with schizophrenia were found to be dysfunctional. The difference was statistically significant (p < .01). The average number of dysfunctional dimensions in depressed families was significantly higher than in the schizophrenic group, 4.3 ± 1.2 and 2.4 ± 2.2 dimensions, respectively, p < .001. The dysfunctions were mostly in the following dimensions: problem solving, communication, affective responsiveness, and affective involvement. The mean CFI score of the depressed families was 86.07 (SD = 16.44) and that of the schizophrenic group was 105.97 (SD?= 17.76), which reflected worse family functioning in the depressed group. However, the difference was not statistically significant. The analysis of psychosocial stressors found that depressed families faced more stressors and the average number of stressors was higher than for schizophrenic families, 4.9 ± 2.7 and 3.5 ± 2.6 stressors, respectively, p < .05.

Conclusion: Different types of mental illness are associated with different patterns of family functioning. Families of depressed patients had less healthy functioning and faced more stressors than families of schizophrenic patients. Taking these differences into account will enable family therapists to intervene more effectively.  相似文献   

18.
ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence, associated co-morbid psychiatric disorders and behavioral/emotional problems associated with the subtypes of specific phobia in children and adolescents.MethodsA total of 2673 randomly selected children and adolescents from Seoul, Korea were assessed using the parent version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV) and Children's Behavior Checklist (CBCL). We analyzed differences in psychiatric co-morbidities and CBCL profiles among the subtypes of specific phobia.ResultsThe 1-year prevalence of specific phobia was 7.9% (95% CI 7.63–8.17). Animal phobia was associated with anxiety disorder (OR 8.68, 95% CI 1.91–39.51) and oppositional defiant disorder (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.27–5.12). Nature–environment phobia was associated with anxiety disorder (OR 25.70, 95% CI 6.16–107.10). Blood–injection–injury phobia showed associations with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD: OR 6.74, 95% CI 2.81–16.15). Subjects with nature–environment phobia scored higher than did controls on the anxious/depressed, social problems, attention problems, and total behavioral problem profiles of the CBCL. Subjects with blood–injection–injury phobia scored significantly higher than did controls on the attention problems, aggressive behaviors, and externalizing problem profiles.ConclusionsContrary to animal phobias, nature–environment and blood–injection–injury phobias were associated with various behavioral and emotional problems and approximately correlated to their co-morbid psychiatric disorders. Among these subtypes, significant differences were found in demographic characteristics, co-morbid psychiatric disorders, and emotional/behavioral problems. These findings suggest that distinctive clinical characteristics might be related with different subtypes of specific phobia and clinician must consider psychiatric co-morbidities when treating children & adolescents with specific phobia.  相似文献   

19.
ObjectivesThis research aims to compare coping strategies (strategies developed to cope with stress) and temperamental dimensions used by children and adolescents have not been maltreated and those who have been. The aim of these analyzes is to identify the effects of age as well as vulnerabilities and resources for children and adolescents who have been maltreated.Materials and methodsA total of 232 children and adolescents aged 7 to 16 years participated in this study including 115 who have never been maltreated (control group) and 117 have been maltreated and are living in foster care (placed group). Each young people responded to a scale measuring the frequency of coping strategies (Kidcope) as well as a questionnaire of temperament (questionnaire d’auto- et d’hétéro-évaluation du tempérament en sept facteurs pour l’enfant d’âge scolaire et l’adolescent).ResultsAn analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for each coping strategy and temperamental dimension to evaluate the consequence of maltreatment on the emotional regulation, according to the slice of age. The age-based comparison of control and placed groups reveals major differences in the use of certain coping strategies as well as in the temperamental dimensions of maltreated children and adolescents. This confirms that the child's life experience influences his way of understanding his environment and affects his individual resources.ConclusionsThe results show vulnerabilities of emotional regulation for children and adolescents who have been maltreated. These aspects underline the importance to think about supports in order to promote the development of some coping strategies and to reduce the stressors. These points will be discussed with preventive and therapeutic used to improve coping skills and emotional regulation.  相似文献   

20.
Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore whether eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is an effective therapy and to investigate whether EMDR affects anxiety levels for children and adolescents.

Methods: We conducted this study with 30 clients. The clients completed self-administered questionnaires Child Post-Traumatic Stress Reaction Index Scale and The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The questionnaires were conducted before the therapy and 6?weeks after the completion of the therapy.

Results: Nineteen clients (63%) had only one traumatic event, but 11 clients (37%) had more than one traumatic event. While the mean score on the PTSD symptom scale was 60 (±8.7), this rate decreased to 24 (±10.1), whereas the mean STAI-T scale was 59 (±8.9) before treatment and 41 (±11.5) after treatment. We found a statistically significant difference between symptom scores as quantified by both questionnaires before and after EMDR therapy (p?<?.05).

Conclusions: As a result, we have shown that EMDR is an effective method for children and adolescents with PTSD in terms of both post-traumatic and anxiety symptom levels; however, we recommend a larger sample size with a control group to further establish the effectiveness of EMDR therapy in children.
  • KEY POINTS
  • PTSD is a common disorder in children and adolescents.

  • Additional psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression are common in children and adolescents with PTSD.

  • In PTSD cases applying for psychiatric treatment, trauma associated with sexual abuse is more pronounced and complex.

  • EMDR is an effective therapy in children and adolescents as well as in adults.

  • There is a statistically significant decrease at anxiety and PTSD symptom scores as quantified by questionnaires in patients with PTSD after EMDR therapy.

  相似文献   

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