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1.
《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第5版)》(DSM-5)将双相及相关障碍从心境障碍中独立出来,与抑郁障碍分为两章。双相障碍是一类受遗传因素影响较大的精神障碍,其代表性疾病是双相Ⅰ型障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍和环性心境障碍。躁狂发作是双相Ⅰ型障碍诊断的必要条件,且不再要求个体必须有重性抑郁发作史。双相Ⅱ型障碍需有轻躁狂发作和重性抑郁发作史。环性心境障碍从开始发病,至少有半数时间经历多次轻躁狂期和抑郁期,但未符合轻躁狂发作或重性抑郁发作的诊断标准。双相及相关障碍的治疗方法包括心境稳定剂治疗、心理咨询、电休克治疗等。  相似文献   

2.
目的评价阿立哌唑和氯丙嗪治疗双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的疗效及安全性。方法采用随机双盲对照研究方法,对86例双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作患者分别进行阿立哌唑(阿立哌唑组)和氯丙嗪(氯丙嗪组)治疗,其中阿立哌唑组43例,平均剂量(18.04±3.52)mg/d;氯丙嗪组43例,平均剂量(369.81±82.43)mg/d;观察疗程均为4周。以Young躁狂评定量表作为主要疗效评价指标。结果阿立哌唑组患者的有效率为84%,氯丙嗪组的有效率为78%。PP人群统计学分析,阿立哌唑治疗急性躁狂的疗效不劣于氯丙嗪。阿立哌唑组的锥体外系不良反应的发生率(19%)明显低于氯丙嗪组(37%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阿立哌唑治疗双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的疗效与氯丙嗪相当,锥体外系等不良反应少于氯丙嗪。  相似文献   

3.
探讨血浆孤啡肽(OFQ)含量与情感障碍之间的相关性. 对象共71例,均为山东省精神卫牛中心2007年8月至2008年3月的门诊或住院患者,分别符合美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)的重性抑郁障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍抑郁发作和双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的诊断标准.其中单相抑郁组24例(男11例,女13例),双相抑郁组21例(男9例,女12例),双相躁狂组26例(男12例,女14例);单相抑郁组、双相抑郁组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)总分≥20分,双相躁狂组Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)总分≥6分.排除伴有其他精神障碍及物质滥用、依赖者.对照组31名(于2008年1月筛选自山东省精神卫生中心健康职工及家属,男15名,女16名).所有研究对象年龄18~65岁,入组前征得本人或其监护人同意并签署知情同意书.  相似文献   

4.
探讨血浆孤啡肽(OFQ)含量与情感障碍之间的相关性. 对象共71例,均为山东省精神卫牛中心2007年8月至2008年3月的门诊或住院患者,分别符合美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)的重性抑郁障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍抑郁发作和双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的诊断标准.其中单相抑郁组24例(男11例,女13例),双相抑郁组21例(男9例,女12例),双相躁狂组26例(男12例,女14例);单相抑郁组、双相抑郁组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)总分≥20分,双相躁狂组Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)总分≥6分.排除伴有其他精神障碍及物质滥用、依赖者.对照组31名(于2008年1月筛选自山东省精神卫生中心健康职工及家属,男15名,女16名).所有研究对象年龄18~65岁,入组前征得本人或其监护人同意并签署知情同意书.  相似文献   

5.
探讨血浆孤啡肽(OFQ)含量与情感障碍之间的相关性. 对象共71例,均为山东省精神卫牛中心2007年8月至2008年3月的门诊或住院患者,分别符合美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)的重性抑郁障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍抑郁发作和双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的诊断标准.其中单相抑郁组24例(男11例,女13例),双相抑郁组21例(男9例,女12例),双相躁狂组26例(男12例,女14例);单相抑郁组、双相抑郁组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)总分≥20分,双相躁狂组Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)总分≥6分.排除伴有其他精神障碍及物质滥用、依赖者.对照组31名(于2008年1月筛选自山东省精神卫生中心健康职工及家属,男15名,女16名).所有研究对象年龄18~65岁,入组前征得本人或其监护人同意并签署知情同意书.  相似文献   

6.
探讨血浆孤啡肽(OFQ)含量与情感障碍之间的相关性. 对象共71例,均为山东省精神卫牛中心2007年8月至2008年3月的门诊或住院患者,分别符合美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)的重性抑郁障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍抑郁发作和双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的诊断标准.其中单相抑郁组24例(男11例,女13例),双相抑郁组21例(男9例,女12例),双相躁狂组26例(男12例,女14例);单相抑郁组、双相抑郁组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)总分≥20分,双相躁狂组Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)总分≥6分.排除伴有其他精神障碍及物质滥用、依赖者.对照组31名(于2008年1月筛选自山东省精神卫生中心健康职工及家属,男15名,女16名).所有研究对象年龄18~65岁,入组前征得本人或其监护人同意并签署知情同意书.  相似文献   

7.
探讨血浆孤啡肽(OFQ)含量与情感障碍之间的相关性. 对象共71例,均为山东省精神卫牛中心2007年8月至2008年3月的门诊或住院患者,分别符合美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)的重性抑郁障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍抑郁发作和双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的诊断标准.其中单相抑郁组24例(男11例,女13例),双相抑郁组21例(男9例,女12例),双相躁狂组26例(男12例,女14例);单相抑郁组、双相抑郁组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)总分≥20分,双相躁狂组Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)总分≥6分.排除伴有其他精神障碍及物质滥用、依赖者.对照组31名(于2008年1月筛选自山东省精神卫生中心健康职工及家属,男15名,女16名).所有研究对象年龄18~65岁,入组前征得本人或其监护人同意并签署知情同意书.  相似文献   

8.
探讨血浆孤啡肽(OFQ)含量与情感障碍之间的相关性. 对象共71例,均为山东省精神卫牛中心2007年8月至2008年3月的门诊或住院患者,分别符合美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)的重性抑郁障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍抑郁发作和双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的诊断标准.其中单相抑郁组24例(男11例,女13例),双相抑郁组21例(男9例,女12例),双相躁狂组26例(男12例,女14例);单相抑郁组、双相抑郁组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)总分≥20分,双相躁狂组Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)总分≥6分.排除伴有其他精神障碍及物质滥用、依赖者.对照组31名(于2008年1月筛选自山东省精神卫生中心健康职工及家属,男15名,女16名).所有研究对象年龄18~65岁,入组前征得本人或其监护人同意并签署知情同意书.  相似文献   

9.
探讨血浆孤啡肽(OFQ)含量与情感障碍之间的相关性. 对象共71例,均为山东省精神卫牛中心2007年8月至2008年3月的门诊或住院患者,分别符合美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)的重性抑郁障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍抑郁发作和双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的诊断标准.其中单相抑郁组24例(男11例,女13例),双相抑郁组21例(男9例,女12例),双相躁狂组26例(男12例,女14例);单相抑郁组、双相抑郁组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)总分≥20分,双相躁狂组Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)总分≥6分.排除伴有其他精神障碍及物质滥用、依赖者.对照组31名(于2008年1月筛选自山东省精神卫生中心健康职工及家属,男15名,女16名).所有研究对象年龄18~65岁,入组前征得本人或其监护人同意并签署知情同意书.  相似文献   

10.
探讨血浆孤啡肽(OFQ)含量与情感障碍之间的相关性. 对象共71例,均为山东省精神卫牛中心2007年8月至2008年3月的门诊或住院患者,分别符合美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)的重性抑郁障碍、双相Ⅱ型障碍抑郁发作和双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的诊断标准.其中单相抑郁组24例(男11例,女13例),双相抑郁组21例(男9例,女12例),双相躁狂组26例(男12例,女14例);单相抑郁组、双相抑郁组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)总分≥20分,双相躁狂组Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)总分≥6分.排除伴有其他精神障碍及物质滥用、依赖者.对照组31名(于2008年1月筛选自山东省精神卫生中心健康职工及家属,男15名,女16名).所有研究对象年龄18~65岁,入组前征得本人或其监护人同意并签署知情同意书.  相似文献   

11.
The Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) was performed in 64 depressed inpatients, in 48 schizophrenics, and in 20 normal controls. Thirty-four percent of depressive inpatients were found to escape from dexamethasone suppression significantly higher than either schizophrenics (13%) or normal subjects (5%). Among subgroups, bipolar and unipolar endogenous depression patients had much higher abnormal rates for the DST (59% and 48%, respectively) than nonendogenous cases (8%). DST results were also found to be positively correlated with patients' Hamilton scores. These findings suggested that DST could be helpful in diagnosis, discrimination of subtypes, and in assessment of severity of symptoms. In 32 of the 64 depressed inpatients, urinary MHPG X SO4 excretion was determined and compared with 21 normal controls. Bipolar patients (n = 7) had less MHPG X SO4 excretion than unipolar endogenous patients (n = 16). Excretion was positively correlated with cortisol level at 17 hr after dexamethasone administration in 32 depressive inpatients, especially in the unipolar subgroup. A trend toward negative correlation, though not statistically significant, was found in bipolar depression between cortisol levels at 17 hr after dexamethasone administration and urinary MHPG X SO4 excretion. This may indicate that some differences in norepinephrine (NE) metabolism may exist between unipolar and bipolar depression, leading to differing correlations between deviation of central NE function and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in different subgroups of depression.  相似文献   

12.
A dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and a thyrotropin releasing hormone stimulation test (TRHST) were given to 100 affectively ill inpatients with a mean age of 54.8 years and 16 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Of the affectively ill patients, 54 had primary major depressive disorders. Sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were 41% and 100% for DST; 44% and 88% for blunted TRHST; and 24% and 94% for augmented TRHST. The combined sensitivity for all three responses was 87%. DST nonsuppression discriminated between major and minor depression and between unipolar endogenous and unipolar nonendogenous subtypes. However, it failed to discriminate among primary depression, depression secondary to serious medical illness, or organic brain syndrome with depression. A blunted TRHST response was significant only for unipolar major depressives. Augmented TRHST response was significant only for bipolar depressives, suggesting that the TRHST may discriminate bipolar from unipolar depression.  相似文献   

13.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore how prevalent agitated "unipolar" major depression is, whether it belongs to the bipolar spectrum, and whether it differs from nonagitated "unipolar" major depression with respect to course and outcome. METHOD: The study was conducted from January 1, 1978, to December 31, 1996. From 361 patients with major depressive disorder, the authors selected those fulfilling Research Diagnostic Criteria for agitated depression. These 94 patients were compared to 94 randomly recruited patients with nonagitated major depressive disorder regarding demographic and historical features, the clinical characteristics of the index episode, the percentage of time spent in an affective episode during a prospective observation period, and the 5-year outcome. Patients with agitated major depressive disorder who had at least 2 manic/hypomanic symptoms in their index episode were compared to the other patients with agitated major depressive disorder with respect to the same variables. RESULTS: Patients with agitated major depressive disorder were more likely to receive antipsychotics during their index episode and spent a higher proportion of time in an affective episode during the observation period compared with patients with nonagitated major depressive disorder. The presence of at least 2 manic/hypomanic symptoms in the index episode was associated with a higher rate of family history of bipolar I disorder, a higher score for suicidal thoughts during the episode, a longer duration of the episode, and a higher affective morbidity during the observation period. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of agitated major depressive disorder is not uncommon and has significant therapeutic and prognostic implications. The subgroup of patients with at least 2 manic/hypomanic symptoms may suffer from a mixed state and/or belong to the bipolar spectrum.  相似文献   

14.
Goldberg JF, Harrow M. A 15‐year prospective follow‐up of bipolar affective disorders: comparisons with unipolar nonpsychotic depression.
Bipolar Disord 2011: 13: 155–163. © 2011 The Authors.
Journal compilation © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objectives: Outcome studies have previously documented substantial functional disability among individuals with bipolar disorder, although few follow‐up studies have examined the prospective course of illness beyond 10 years’ duration. Methods: A total of 95 patients with mood disorders (46 with bipolar I disorder and 49 with unipolar nonpsychotic depression) were assessed 15 years after index hospitalization. Logistic and linear regression models were used to identify predictors of global functioning, work disability, and social adjustment. Results: At 15‐year follow‐up, good overall functioning was significantly less common among subjects with bipolar disorder (35%) than unipolar depression (73%) (p < 0.001). Work disability was significantly more extensive in bipolar than unipolar disorder subjects (p < 0.001). Logistic regression indicated that good outcome 15 years after index hospitalization was significantly predicted by a unipolar rather than bipolar disorder diagnosis and the absence of a depressive episode in the preceding year. Past‐year depressive, but not past‐year manic, syndromes were associated with poorer global outcome and greater work disability. In addition, subsyndromal depression was significantly associated with poorer global, work, and social outcome among bipolar, but not unipolar disorder subjects. Conclusions: A majority of individuals with bipolar I disorder manifest problems with work and global functioning 15 years after an index hospitalized manic episode Recurrent syndromal and subsyndromal depression disrupts multiple domains of functional outcome more profoundly in bipolar than unipolar mood disorders. The prevalence, and correlates, of impaired long‐term outcome parallel those reported in shorter‐term functional outcome studies of bipolar disorder.  相似文献   

15.
BACKGROUND: Some recent reports raised the question whether unipolar mania, without severe or mild depression, really exists and whether it defines a distinct disorder. Literature on this topic is still scarce, although this was a matter of debate since several decades. METHOD: Eighty-seven inpatients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Revised Third Edition, manic episode and at least 3 major affective episodes, in 10 years of illness duration, were systematically evaluated to collect demographic and clinical information. The symptomatological evaluation was conducted by means of the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale. Clinical features, social disability, first-degree family history, and temperaments were compared between unipolar and bipolar manics. RESULTS: Nineteen (21.8%) of 87 patients presented a course of illness characterized by recurrent unipolar manic episodes without history of major or mild depression (MAN). When this group was compared with 68 (78.2%) manic patients with a previous history of depressive episodes (BIP), we found substantial similarities in most demographic, familial, and clinical characteristics. MAN group reported more congruent psychotic symptoms and more frequent chronic course of the current episode in comparison to BIP group. In the MAN patients, we also observed a high percentage of hyperthymic temperament and a complete absence of depressive temperament. This latter difference was statistically significant. MAN patients compared with BIP ones also reported lower severity scores in social, familial, and work disability, and they showed less depressive features, hostility, and anxiety. CONCLUSION: The numerous demographic, clinical, and psychopathological overlapping characteristics in unipolar and bipolar mania raise questions about the general nosographic utility of this categorization. Nonetheless, our data suggest a clinical and prognostic validity of keeping unipolar manic patients as a separate subgroup, in particular, as social adjustment and disability are concerned.  相似文献   

16.
目的探讨双相情感障碍患者血清尿酸(uric acid,UA)水平变化及其临床意义。方法纳入双相情感障碍患者126例(躁狂发作77例,抑郁发作49例)、首发精神分裂症患者69例和正常对照126名,测定其血清UA水平,并采用杨氏躁狂量表(Young mania rating scale,YMRS)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depressionscale,HAMD)评定双相情感障碍患者症状。结果双相情感障碍组血清UA水平[(349.34±107.21)μmol/L]高于精神分裂症组[(319.71±84.48)μmol/L]和对照组[(280.94±71.90)μmol/L],差异有统计学意义(P0.01);躁狂发作患者UA水平高于抑郁发作患者[(366.45±104.01)μmol/L vs.(322.45±107.69)μmol/L],且二者均高于对照组(P0.01);双相情感障碍患者中是否使用精神科药物的亚组间UA水平无统计学差异(P0.05)。双相情感障碍患者血清UA水平与YMRS、HAMD分数线性相关均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论双相情感障碍患者血清UA水平升高,血清UA水平升高可能是双相情感障碍的一个生物标记物。  相似文献   

17.
目的:探讨拉莫三嗪治疗双相情感障碍的疗效与安全性。方法:双相心境障碍患者135例,其中双相抑郁78例,躁狂57例。将患者随机分为3组,每组抑郁相26例,躁狂相19例。疗程32周。前8周为急性期治疗阶段,对照组抑郁相只服选择性5-羟色胺回收抑制剂(SSRI)类抗抑郁剂,躁狂相只服利培酮;拉莫三嗪组在对照组用药的基础上加服拉莫三嗪;碳酸锂组在对照组用药的基础上加服碳酸锂。后24周为巩固治疗阶段,所有患者随机分为两组,只服拉莫三嗪或碳酸锂。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、Young躁狂评定量表(YMRS)、治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定疗效及安全性。结果:急性期治疗结束后,无论躁狂相还是抑郁相,拉莫三嗪组和碳酸锂组的临床疗效显著高于对照组(P〈0.01或〈0.05)。巩固治疗阶段两组相比,拉莫三嗪的抗抑郁作用较好,碳酸锂的抗躁狂作用较强。不良反应发生率,碳酸锂组40%,拉莫三嗪组22%。巩固治疗阶段病情复发率,拉莫三嗪组8%,碳酸锂组11%,两组差异无显著性(P〉0.05)。结论:拉莫三嗪作为心境稳定剂治疗双相情感障碍疗效可靠,不良反应小,与碳酸锂相比,抗抑郁作用更强。  相似文献   

18.
目的:了解重性抑郁障碍(MDD)或双相障碍抑郁发作患者出现躁狂症状的频率和程度。方法:对52例经简明国际神经精神访谈(MINI)、符合《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版(DSMIV)重性抑郁障碍或双相障碍抑郁发作的患者,采用情感障碍评估量表(ADE)评估患者本次抑郁发作中出现的躁狂症状。结果:52例患者中有36例重性抑郁障碍,16例为双相障碍抑郁发作。至少有1条躁狂症状的患者达86.5%(n=45),至少有3条躁狂症状的患者占32.7%(n=17),而没有任何躁狂症状的患者仅占13.5%(n=7)。结论:抑郁发作患者大多存在不同程度的躁狂症状,及时识别这些症状,对诊断与治疗有指导意义。情感障碍评估量表是一个值得应用的评估情感发作的工具。  相似文献   

19.
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether switching from depression to mania is part of the natural history of bipolar illness or results from antidepressant (AD) treatment by examining bipolar patients with psychosis early in their illness course. METHODS: A multi-facility cohort of 123 first-admission inpatients, aged 15-60 years, with DSM-IV bipolar disorder (BD) with psychotic features, was followed for four years, and 76 individuals experienced at least one episode of depression. Frequency of and risk factors for switches from depression to mania, time to switch, and duration of the subsequent manic episode were examined in relation to AD use (with anti-manic and/or antipsychotic medications). RESULTS: The 76 respondents experienced 113 depressive episodes. Those prescribed ADs had more depressive episodes and spent more time depressed than non-users. A total of 23 depressive episodes in 17 respondents ended in a manic/hypomanic/mixed episode (20%). The time to switch and duration of the subsequent manic episode were not significantly different for the seven respondents and nine episodes involving AD treatment versus the 10 respondents and 14 episodes without ADs. None of the risk factors (age of onset 相似文献   

20.
目的 探讨反复发作躁狂症与双相情感障碍躁狂的血液流变学特点。方法 对住院患 在三天内进行采血检测,利用电脑对三者血流流变学数据进行比较研究。结果 反复发作躁狂症全血粘度,刚性指数比正常健康人高(P〈0.05),而血浆压积却比正常健康人低(P〈0.01),双相情感障碍躁狂相各项指标在常健康人无显著差异(P〉0.05),反复发作躁狂症全血粘度,细胞压积,低切朱粘度比双相情感障碍躁狂相高(P〈0.05)  相似文献   

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