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1.
Hugh C. Hendrie Mengjie Zheng Wei Li Kathleen Lane Roberta Ambuehl Christianna Purnell Frederick W. Unverzagt Alexia Torke Ashok Balasubramanyam Chris M. Callahan Sujuan Gao 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(2):111-118
Introduction
High blood glucose levels may be responsible for the increased risk for dementia in diabetic patients.Methods
A secondary data analysis merging electronic medical records (EMRs) with data collected from the Indianapolis–Ibadan Dementia project (IIDP). Of the enrolled 4105 African Americans, 3778 were identified in the EMR. Study endpoints were dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or normal cognition. Repeated serum glucose measurements were used as the outcome variables.Results
Diabetic participants who developed incident dementia had a significant decrease in serum glucose levels in the years preceding the diagnosis compared to the participants with normal cognition (P = .0002). They also had significantly higher glucose levels up to 9 years before the dementia diagnosis (P = .0367).Discussion
High glucose levels followed by a decline occurring years before diagnosis in African American participants with diabetes may represent a powerful presymptomatic metabolic indicator of dementia. 相似文献2.
Richard A. Goodman Kimberly A. Lochner Madhav Thambisetty Thomas S. Wingo Samuel F. Posner Shari M. Ling 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(1):28-37
Introduction
Rapid growth of the older adult population requires greater epidemiologic characterization of dementia. We developed national prevalence estimates of diagnosed dementia and subtypes in the highest risk United States (US) population.Methods
We analyzed Centers for Medicare & Medicaid administrative enrollment and claims data for 100% of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries enrolled during 2011–2013 and age ≥68 years as of December 31, 2013 (n = 21.6 million).Results
Over 3.1 million (14.4%) beneficiaries had a claim for a service and/or treatment for any dementia subtype. Dementia not otherwise specified was the most common diagnosis (present in 92.9%). The most common subtype was Alzheimer's (43.5%), followed by vascular (14.5%), Lewy body (5.4%), frontotemporal (1.0%), and alcohol induced (0.7%). The prevalence of other types of diagnosed dementia was 0.2%.Discussion
This study is the first to document concurrent prevalence of primary dementia subtypes among this US population. The findings can assist in prioritizing dementia research, clinical services, and caregiving resources. 相似文献3.
Francisca S. Then Tobias Luck Kathrin Heser Annette Ernst Tina Posselt Birgitt Wiese Silke Mamone Christian Brettschneider Hans-Helmut König Siegfried Weyerer Jochen Werle Edelgard Mösch Horst Bickel Angela Fuchs Michael Pentzek Wolfgang Maier Martin Scherer Michael Wagner Martin Scherer 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(4):431-440
Introduction
Previous studies have demonstrated that an overall high level of mental work demands decreased dementia risk. In our study, we investigated whether this effect is driven by specific mental work demands and whether it is exposure dependent.Methods
Patients aged 75+ years were recruited from general practitioners and participated in up to seven assessment waves (every 1.5 years) of the longitudinal AgeCoDe study. Analyses of the impact of specific mental work demands on dementia risk were carried out via multivariate regression modeling (n = 2315).Results
We observed a significantly lower dementia risk in individuals with a higher level of “information processing” (HR, 0.888), “pattern detection” (HR, 0.878), “mathematics” (HR, 0.878), and “creativity” (HR, 0.878). Yet, exposure-dependent effects were only significant for “information processing” and “pattern detection.”Discussion
Our longitudinal observations suggest that dementia risk may be reduced by some but not all types of mental work demands. 相似文献4.
Lidia Sarro Nirubol Tosakulwong Christopher G. Schwarz Jonathan Graff-Radford Scott A. Przybelski Timothy G. Lesnick Samantha M. Zuk Robert I. Reid Mekala R. Raman Bradley F. Boeve Tanis J. Ferman David S. Knopman Giancarlo Comi Massimo Filippi Melissa E. Murray Joseph E. Parisi Dennis W. Dickson Ronald C. Petersen Kejal Kantarci 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(3):257-266
Introduction
Cerebrovascular lesions on MRI are common in Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia, but less is known about their frequency and impact on dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).Methods
White-matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and infarcts on MRI were assessed in consecutive DLB (n = 81) and AD dementia (n = 240) patients and compared to age-matched and sex-matched cognitively normal subjects (CN) from a population-based cohort.Results
DLB had higher WMH volume compared to CN, and WMH volume was higher in the occipital and posterior periventricular regions in DLB compared to AD. Higher WMH volume was associated with history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes but not with clinical disease severity in DLB. Frequency of infarcts in DLB was not different from CN and AD dementia.Discussion
In DLB, WMH volume is higher than AD and CN and appears to be primarily associated with history of vascular disease. 相似文献5.
María M. Corrada Kathleen M. Hayden Annlia Paganini-Hill Szofia S. Bullain Jaime DeMoss Colette Aguirre Ron Brookmeyer Claudia H. Kawas 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(2):103-110
Introduction
We investigated the association between age of onset of hypertension and dementia risk in an oldest-old cohort.Methods
Participants are from The 90+ Study, a population-based longitudinal study of people aged 90+ who are survivors from the Leisure World Cohort Study. We estimated hypertension onset age using self-reported information from The 90+ Study and Leisure World Cohort Study, collected about 20 years earlier. A total of 559 participants without dementia were followed every 6 months for up to 10 years.Results
A total of 224 participants developed dementia during follow-up (mean = 2.8 years). Compared with those without hypertension, participants whose hypertension onset age was 80 to 89 years had a lower dementia risk (hazard ratio = 0.58, P = .04) and participants with an onset age of 90+ years had the lowest risk (hazard ratio = 0.37, P = .004).Discussion
Developing hypertension at older ages may protect against dementia. Understanding the mechanisms for this lower risk is important for determining ways to prevent dementia in the very elderly. 相似文献6.
Paola Gilsanz Maria M. Corrada Claudia H. Kawas Elizabeth Rose Mayeda M. Maria Glymour Charles P. Quesenberry Catherine Lee Rachel A. Whitmer 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2019,15(4):497-505
Introduction
Little is known about dementia incidence in diverse populations of oldest-old, the age group with highest dementia incidence.Methods
Incident dementia diagnoses from 1/1/2010 to 9/30/2015 were abstracted from medical records for 2350 members of an integrated health care system in California (n = 1702 whites, n = 375 blacks, n = 105 Latinos, n = 168 Asians) aged ≥90 in 2010. We estimated race/ethnicity-specific age-adjusted dementia incidence rates and implemented Cox proportional hazards models and Fine and Gray competing risk of death models adjusted for demographics and comorbidities in midlife and late-life.Results
Dementia incidence rates (n = 771 cases) were lowest among Asians (89.9/1000 person-years), followed by whites (96.9/1000 person-years), Latinos (105.8/1000 person-years), and blacks (121.5/1000 person-years). Cox regression and competing risk models estimated 28% and 36% higher dementia risk for blacks versus whites adjusting for demographics and comorbidities.Discussion
Patterns of racial/ethnic disparities in dementia seen in younger older adults continue after the age of 90 years, though smaller in magnitude. 相似文献7.
Vincent Chouraki Sarah R. Preis Qiong Yang Alexa Beiser Shuo Li Martin G. Larson Galit Weinstein Thomas J. Wang Robert E. Gerszten Ramachandran S. Vasan Sudha Seshadri 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(12):1327-1336
Introduction
The identification of novel biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) could provide key biological insights and permit targeted preclinical prevention. We investigated circulating metabolites associated with incident dementia and AD using metabolomics.Methods
Plasma levels of 217 metabolites were assessed in 2067 dementia-free Framingham Offspring Cohort participants (mean age = 55.9 ± 9.7 years; 52.4% women). We studied their associations with future dementia and AD risk in multivariate Cox models.Results
Ninety-three participants developed incident dementia (mean follow-up = 15.6 ± 5.2 years). Higher plasma anthranilic acid levels were associated with greater risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.15–1.70]; P = 8.08 × 10?4). Glutamic acid (HR = 1.38; 95% CI = [1.11–1.72]), taurine (HR = 0.74; 95% CI = [0.60–0.92]), and hypoxanthine (HR = 0.74; 95% CI = [0.60–0.92]) levels also showed suggestive associations with dementia risk.Discussion
We identified four biologically plausible, candidate plasma biomarkers for dementia. Association of anthranilic acid implicates the kynurenine pathway, which modulates glutamate excitotoxicity. The associations with hypoxanthine and taurine strengthen evidence that uric acid and taurine may be neuroprotective. 相似文献8.
Camille Amadieu Sophie Lefèvre-Arbogast Cécile Delcourt Jean-François Dartigues Catherine Helmer Catherine Féart Cécilia Samieri 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(10):1125-1132
Introduction
Several nutrients may predict dementia risk. We characterized nutrient biomarker patterns, which integrate the complexity of nutrient exposure and biodisponibility associated with long-term risk of dementia in a large cohort of older persons, the Three-City study.Methods
We included 666 nondemented participants with plasma measurements of 22 fat-soluble nutrients at baseline, who were followed up for 12 years for dementia.Results
A “deleterious” pattern combining lower blood status in vitamin D, carotenoids, and polyunsaturated fats and higher saturated fats was strongly associated with a higher risk of dementia. Compared with individuals in the first quintile of the pattern score, participants in the highest quintile of score had an approximately fourfold increased risk of dementia (hazard ratio = 4.53 [95% confidence interval 1.99, 10.32], P for trend <.001) in multivariate models.Discussion
A blood pattern reflecting lower status in several nutrients among nondemented individuals appeared strongly associated with the long-term risk of dementia in this cohort. 相似文献9.
Kathleen M. Hayden Daniel P. Beavers Susan E. Steck James R. Hebert Fred K. Tabung Nitin Shivappa Ramon Casanova JoAnn E. Manson Claudia B. Padula Elena Salmoirago-Blotcher Linda G. Snetselaar Oleg Zaslavsky Stephen R. Rapp 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(11):1187-1196
Introduction
The Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diets have been associated with lower dementia risk. We evaluated dietary inflammatory potential in relation to mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/dementia risk.Methods
Baseline food frequency questionnaires from n = 7085 women (aged 65–79 years) were used to calculate Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores that were categorized into four groups. Cognitive function was evaluated annually, and MCI and all-cause dementia cases were adjudicated centrally. Mixed effect models evaluated cognitive decline on over time; Cox models evaluated the risk of MCI or dementia across DII groups.Results
Over an average of 9.7 years, there were 1081 incident cases of cognitive impairment. Higher DII scores were associated with greater cognitive decline and earlier onset of cognitive impairment. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) comparing lower (anti-inflammatory; group 1 referent) DII scores to the higher scores were group 2-HR: 1.01 (0.86–1.20); group 3-HR: 0.99 (0.82–1.18); and group 4-HR: 1.27 (1.06–1.52).Conclusions
Diets with the highest pro-inflammatory potential were associated with higher risk of MCI or dementia. 相似文献10.
Catherine Feart Catherine Helmer Bénédicte Merle François R. Herrmann Cédric Annweiler Jean-François Dartigues Cécile Delcourt Cécilia Samieri 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(11):1207-1216
Introduction
Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with several chronic conditions; yet, its association with cognitive decline and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been inconsistent.Methods
The study population consisted of 916 participants from the Three-City Bordeaux cohort aged 65+, nondemented at baseline, with assessment of vitamin D status and who were followed for up to 12 years.Results
In multivariate analysis, compared with individuals with 25(OH)D sufficiency (n = 151), participants with 25(OH)D deficiency (n = 218) exhibited a faster cognitive decline. A total of 177 dementia cases (124 AD) occurred: 25(OH)D deficiency was associated with a nearly three-fold increased risk of AD (hazard ratio = 2.85, 95% confidence interval 1.37–5.97).Discussion
This large prospective study of French older adults suggests that maintaining adequate vitamin D status in older age could contribute to slow down cognitive decline and to delay or prevent the onset of dementia, especially of AD etiology. 相似文献11.
Karen Ritchie Isabelle Carrière Li Su John T. O&#x;Brien Simon Lovestone Katie Wells Craig W. Ritchie 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(10):1089-1097
Introduction
Although biomarker studies of late-onset Alzheimer's disease suggest pathology to be present decades before diagnosis, little is known about cognitive performance at this stage.Methods
A sample of 210 adults (aged 40–59) of whom 103 have a parent diagnosed with dementia (family history subgroup) underwent computerized cognitive testing. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) status was determined, and 193 subjects had magnetic resonance imaging. Distance from dementia onset was estimated in relation to age of parental diagnosis, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia Risk Scores were calculated.Results
Lower hippocampal volumes (P = .04) were associated with poorer spatial location recall and higher Dementia Risk Scores with poorer visual recognition (P = .0005), and lower brain and hippocampal volume (P < .0001, P = .04, respectively). Family history subgroup participants closer to dementia onset had lower scores on visual working memory (P = .05), whereas those with an APOE ε4 allele performed better on form perception (P = .005).Discussion
Middle-aged adults at risk of dementia show evidence of poorer cognitive performance, principally in visuospatial functions. 相似文献12.
Joshua O. Cerasuolo Lauren E. Cipriano Luciano A. Sposato Moira K. Kapral Jiming Fang Sudeep S. Gill Daniel G. Hackam Vladimir Hachinski 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(10):1081-1088
Introduction
We discovered a concomitant decline in stroke and dementia incidence rates at a whole population level in Ontario, Canada. This study explores these trends within demographic subgroups.Methods
We analyzed administrative data sources using validated algorithms to calculate stroke and dementia incidence rates from 2002 to 2013.Results
For more than 12 years, stroke incidence remained unchanged among those aged 20 to 49 years and decreased for those aged 50 to 64, 65 to 79, and 80+ years by 22.7%, 36.9%, and 37.9%, respectively. Dementia incidence increased by 17.3% and 23.5% in those aged 20 to 49 and 50 to 64 years, respectively, remained unchanged in those aged 65 to 79 years, and decreased by 15.4% in those aged 80+ years.Discussion
The concomitant decline in stroke and dementia incidence rates may depict how successful stroke prevention has targeted shared risk factors of both conditions, especially at advanced ages where such risk factors are highly prevalent. We lend support for the development of an integrated system of stroke and dementia prevention. 相似文献13.
Saira Saeed Mirza M. Arfan Ikram Daniel Bos Raluca Mihaescu Albert Hofman Henning Tiemeier 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(2):130-139
Introduction
Many people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) suffer from concomitant depression or anxiety. Whether MCI increases the risk of future depression or anxiety is unknown.Methods
In the Rotterdam Study, cross-sectional (n = 4168) and longitudinal associations (n = 2967) of MCI with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—depressive and anxiety disorders—were assessed (2002–2005 to 2009–2011).Results
At baseline, 413 persons had MCI; 125 (22 MCI and 103 non-MCI) had a depressive disorder and 330 had an anxiety disorder (46 MCI and 284 non-MCI). In longitudinal depression analysis, of the 212 persons with prevalent MCI, 6 (2.8%) developed depression compared with 29 (1%) in the nonexposed group. In longitudinal anxiety analysis, 11 (7.3%) of the 151 with prevalent MCI developed anxiety, compared with 75 (3.4%) in nonexposed group. Persons with MCI had more depressive and anxiety disorders and also a higher risk of developing depressive disorder, odds ratio (OR) 3.13 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26, 7.77), and anxiety disorder, OR 2.59 (95% CI: 1.31, 5.12).Discussion
MCI is a risk factor for dementia and for depressive and anxiety disorders, suggesting common pathological pathways for cognitive and psychiatric outcomes. 相似文献14.
Daniel Jaraj Carsten Wikkelsø Katrin Rabiei Thomas Marlow Christer Jensen Svante Östling Ingmar Skoog 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(8):850-857
Introduction
We examined mortality, dementia, and progression of hydrocephalic symptoms among untreated individuals with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) in a population-based sample.Methods
A total of 1235 persons were examined between 1986 and 2012. Shunted individuals were excluded. We examined 53 persons with hydrocephalic ventricular enlargement (probable iNPH: n = 24, asymptomatic or possible iNPH: n = 29). Comparisons were made with individuals without hydrocephalic ventricular enlargement.Results
The 5-year mortality was 87.5% among those with probable iNPH. The hazard ratio (HR) for death was 3.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5–6.0) for probable iNPH. Those with possible iNPH and asymptomatic hydrocephalic ventricular enlargement had increased risk of developing dementia, HR 2.8 (95% CI: 1.5–5.2). Only two individuals with hydrocephalic ventricular enlargement remained asymptomatic.Discussion
In the present sample, persons with clinical and imaging signs of iNPH had excess mortality and an increased risk of dementia. The data also suggest that radiological signs of iNPH might be more important than previously supposed. 相似文献15.
Rui Wang Laura Fratiglioni Grégoria Kalpouzos Martin Lövdén Erika J. Laukka Lena Bronge Lars-Olof Wahlund Lars Bäckman Chengxuan Qiu 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(3):247-256
Introduction
The underlying pathological mechanisms linking cardiovascular burden to cognitive decline remain unclear.Methods
We investigated the associations of the Framingham general cardiovascular risk score (FGCRS), apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4, and brain structure with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) decline using the 9-year follow-up data from Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (n = 2189, age ≥60) and the embedded magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n = 448) studies. Volumes of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), total gray matter, ventricles, and hippocampus were assessed in the MRI sample.Results
A higher FGCRS was associated with faster MMSE decline in young-old people (60–72 years) but not in old-old (≥78 years). Larger volumes of cerebral WMHs and ventricles and smaller volumes of total gray matter and hippocampus were all associated with accelerated MMSE decline (P < .01); these associations were stronger among APOE ε4 carriers than noncarriers. Simultaneously entering multiple brain lesion markers as mediators in the model substantially attenuated the association between FGCRS and MMSE decline.Discussion
The effect of cardiovascular risk burden on cognitive deterioration in old age is largely mediated by mixed brain lesions. 相似文献16.
Franc Llorens Niels Kruse Matthias Schmitz Nadine Gotzmann Ewa Golanska Katrin Thüne Orgeta Zejneli Eirini Kanata Tobias Knipper Maria Cramm Peter Lange Saima Zafar Beata Sikorska Pawel P. Liberski Eva Mitrova Daniela Varges Christian Schmidt Theodoros Sklaviadis Inga Zerr 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(6):710-719
Introduction
Accurate diagnosis of prion diseases and discrimination from alternative dementias gain importance in the clinical routine, but partial overlap in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers impedes absolute discrimination in the differential diagnostic context.Methods
We established the clinical parameters for prion disease diagnosis for the quantification of CSF α-synuclein in patients with sporadic (n = 234) and genetic (n = 56) prion diseases, in cases with cognitive impairment/dementia or neurodegenerative disease (n = 278), and in the neurologic control group (n = 111).Results
An optimal cutoff value of 680 pg/mL α-synuclein results in 94% sensitivity and 96% specificity when diagnosing sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Genetic CJD cases showed increased CSF α-synuclein values. No increased α-synuclein levels were detected in non-CJD cases with rapid progression course.Discussion
Detection of α-synuclein in the CSF of patients with suspected CJD is a valuable diagnostic test reaching almost full discrimination from non-prion disease cases. These data highlight the utility of CSF α-synuclein quantification in front of classical CSF biomarkers in clinical routine. 相似文献17.
Thanh G.N. Ton Thomas DeLeire Suepattra G. May Ningqi Hou Mahlet G. Tebeka Er Chen Joshua Chodosh 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(3):217-224
Introduction
Individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are at elevated risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia.Methods
With data from the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study, we used the Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes classifications to conduct a cross-sectional analysis assessing the relationship between cognitive state and various direct and indirect costs and health care utilization patterns.Results
Patients with aMCI had less medical expenditures than patients with moderate and severe AD dementia (P < .001) and were also significantly less likely to have been hospitalized (P = .04) and admitted to nursing home (P < .001). Compared to individuals with normal cognition, patients with aMCI had significantly less household income (P = .018).Discussion
Patients with aMCI had lower medical expenditures than patients with AD dementia. Poor cognitive status was linearly associated with lower household income, higher medical expenditures, higher likelihood of nursing and home care services, and lower likelihood of outpatient visits. 相似文献18.
Objective
To identify incidence and prevalence of dementia in racial and ethnic populations in the United States.Methods
A systematic review of literature.Results
A total of 1215 studies were reviewed; 114 were included. Dementia prevalence rates reported for age 65+ years from a low of 6.3% in Japanese Americans, 12.9% in Caribbean Hispanic Americans, 12.2% in Guamanian Chamorro and ranged widely in African Americans from 7.2% to 20.9%. Dementia annual incidence for African American (mean = 2.6%; SD = 1%; range, 1.4%–5.5%) and Caribbean Hispanic populations were significantly higher (mean, 3.6%; SD, 1.2%; range, 2.3%–5.3%) than Mexican American and Japanese Americans and non-Latino white populations (0.8%–2.7%), P < .001.Conclusions
Data are needed for American Indian, most Asian, and Pacific Islander populations. Disaggregation of large race/ethnic classifications is warranted due to within-population heterogeneity in incidence and prevalence. African American and Caribbean Hispanic studies showed higher incidence of dementia. A nationwide approach is needed to identify communities at high risk and to tailor culturally appropriate services accordingly. 相似文献19.
Kieu T.T. Phung Monique Chaaya Martin Prince Samir Atweh Khalil El Asmar Georges Karam Rose Mary Khoury Lilian Ghandour Husam Ghusn T. Rune Nielsen Gunhild Waldemar 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(12):1317-1326
Introduction
In North Africa and the Middle East, studies about dementia prevalence are scarce. A pilot study was conducted in Lebanon to assess dementia prevalence, using the Arabic-validated 10/66 Dementia Research Group (DRG) diagnostic assessment for case ascertainment. The study also examined care arrangement and access to care.Methods
A random sample of 502 persons older than 65 years and their informant were recruited from Beirut and Mount Lebanon governorates through multistage cluster sampling.Results
The crude and age-standardized dementia prevalences were 7.4% and 9.0%, respectively. People with dementia were mainly cared for by relatives at home. Access to formal care was very limited.Discussion
Dementia prevalence in Lebanon ranks high within the global range of estimates. These first evidence-based data about disease burden and barriers to care serve to raise awareness and call for social and health care reform to tackle the dementia epidemic in Lebanon and in North Africa and the Middle East. 相似文献20.
Stephanie Kielb Emily Rogalski Sandra Weintraub Alfred Rademaker 《Alzheimer's & dementia》2017,13(12):1337-1344