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1.
目的:探讨双相Ⅱ型患者攻击行为与儿童期受虐情况和父母养育方式的关系。方法:根据外显版攻击行为量表(MOAS)评分将98例汉族双相Ⅱ型障碍患者分为攻击组(47例)及非攻击组(51例);采用自编一般情况问卷、儿童期虐待史自评量表(PRCA)和父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)对两组患者进行调查、评估和比较。结果:攻击组PRCA中儿童期受躯体虐待分明显高于非攻击组;EMBU中父亲"惩罚、严厉"(21.28±8.70)评分及母亲"拒绝、否认"(16.79±8.14)、"惩罚、严厉"(15.43±7.79)评分明显高于非攻击组[(17.63±6.05)、(13.08±4.86)、(12.67±4.80)](P均0.05)。结论:双相Ⅱ型患者的攻击行为可能与其童年遭受躯体虐待和父母不良教育方式有关。  相似文献   

2.
目的:探讨伴与不伴冲动攻击行为双相Ⅱ型障碍患者的认知功能。方法:采用自编一般情况问卷、修订版Barratt冲动量表(BIS-11)、修改版外显行为攻击量表(MOAS)、蒙特利尔认知评价量表(Mo CA)及Stroop测验工具对愿意接受研究的72例双相Ⅱ型障碍患者进行测评,分析比较伴攻击行为组(38例)和非攻击行为组(34例)认知功能损害的程度。结果:攻击组与非攻击组在Mo CA量表抽象能力方面差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.551,P0.05);攻击组在Stroop测验上单词、颜色、词色得分显著低于非攻击组,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.460,t=-2.096,t=-2.254;P均0.05)。结论:双相Ⅱ型障碍患者的攻击行为与认知功能损害无显著关系;不能作为预测认知功能损害的外在因素。  相似文献   

3.
目的 探讨有攻击行为双相障碍Ⅱ型患者的认知功能特点.方法采用自编一般情况问卷、轻躁狂症状自评量表(HCL-32)、修订版Barratt冲动量表(BIS-11)、修改版外显行为攻击量表(MOAS)及威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)对新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院临床心理科愿意接受研究的60例双相障碍Ⅱ型患者进行调查,根据MOAS分为攻击组和非攻击组,各30例.结果两组患者HCL-32得分差异无统计学意义;攻击组运动冲动性评分高于非攻击组,WCST测验中完成第一个分类所需应答数高于非攻击组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论有攻击行为的双相障碍患者表现出更明显的运动冲动性;但在执行功能方面与无攻击行为患者差异不明显,攻击行为不能作为预测认知功能进一步损害的外在因素.  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨双相Ⅰ型障碍患者攻击行为的风险因素。方法:根据修订版外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)评分将94例住院的双相Ⅰ型障碍患者分为攻击组(50例,加权分≥4分)和非攻击组(44例,加权分4分);对入组者进行一般及临床情况调查、认知功能检测、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)及父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)评定,血脂、血清肌酸激酶(CK)水平检测及脑地形图检查。结果:两组在职业、饮酒、发病间期缓解程度、入院方式、总发作次数、躁狂发作次数、威斯康星卡片分类测验成绩、SSRS评分、EMBU因子分、血清CK水平、脑电地形图结果差异有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01);多因素Logistic回归分析筛选出非自愿住院(OR=54.341)、发病间期不完全缓解(OR=19.088)、无业/失业(OR=9.841)、总发作次数≥3次(OR=9.672)是攻击行为的高危因素。结论:多种因素与双相Ⅰ型障碍患者攻击行为有关,无业或失业、疾病反复发作、发病间期不全缓解及非自愿住院可增加攻击行为的发生风险,以非自愿住院相对风险最高。  相似文献   

5.
目的 探讨双相情感障碍躁狂发作患者攻击行为与执行功能之间的相关性。方法 采用 修订版外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)对2018 年6 月—2019 年2 月在山东省精神卫生中心门诊就诊或者住 院治疗的164例双相情感障碍躁狂发作患者攻击行为进行评定,MOAS评分≥5分为攻击组,MOAS<5分 为非攻击组。用威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)评估受试者的执行功能,用贝克-拉范森躁狂量表(BRMS) 评估受试者的临床症状。结果 双相情感障碍躁狂攻击组患者BRMS总分[(25.78±4.32)分]高于非攻击组 [(24.69±4.29)分](P<0.05),攻击组WCST正确数[(42.52±7.23)分]、分类数[(7.61±3.48)分]低于非攻 击组[(44.29±9.14)、(8.06±2.12)分];错误数[(43.03±8.43)分]、持续错误数[(29.08±5.55)分]、非持 续错误数[(26.84±5.78)分]均高于非攻击组[(41.32±8.18)、(28.58±7.22)、(25.03±5.80)分],差异有统 计学意义(P< 0.05),双相情感障碍躁狂患者MOAS 评分与WCST错误数、持续性错误数、非持续性错误 数呈正相关(P< 0.05),与分类数呈负相关(P < 0.05)。结论 双相情感障碍躁狂患者攻击行为与执行 功能存在相关性,执行功能受损可能与双相情感障碍躁狂攻击行为的发生机制有关。  相似文献   

6.
目的:探讨单相与双相抑郁患者沉思反应及拖延行为的差异。方法:对32例单相抑郁(单相组)及31例双相抑郁(双相组)患者分别评定沉思量表(RRS)、一般拖延行为问卷(GPS)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)评定;对26名正常对照者(健康组)给予RRS和GPS评定,然后进行组间比较。结果:抑郁组的RRS总分(55.8±9.5)显著高于健康组[(45.8±8.1),P0.01)],抑郁组的GPS总分(57.2±8.9)也显著高于健康组[(49.3±8.4),P0.05];单相组和双相组的RRS总分及GPS总分与HAMD总分及阻滞、绝望感因子分均呈显著正相关(r=0.368~0.491,P0.05或P0.01);单相组与双相组的RRS总分及各因子分和GPS总分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:抑郁症患者比健康人更易陷入沉思,且也较易采取拖延方式;单相与双相抑郁症患者的沉思反应及拖延行为未见实质性差别,但在临床上需加以关注。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨血清甲状腺激素和血清睾酮与精神分裂症患者攻击行为的相关性. 方法:依据既往暴力史及外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)评分区分攻击组40例和非攻击组40例.比较两组促甲状腺激素(TSH)、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、血清游离甲状腺素(FT4)、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT3)、总甲状腺激素(TT4)及血清睾酮(Testo)水平.攻击组MOAS总分及各因子分与血清TSH、FT3、FT4、TT3、TT4及血清睾酮水平之间作相关分析. 结果:攻击组在TSH、FT3、TT3、男性睾酮上高于非攻击组(P<0.05或P<0.01),在TT4上低于非攻击组(P<0.01);攻击组TSH、男性睾酮与MOAS对他人攻击因子分呈正相关(P<0.05),攻击组FT3与MOAS的自身攻击因子分呈正相关(P<0.05),攻击组TT4与言语攻击因子分呈负相关(P<0.05). 结论:精神分裂症患者攻击行为与TSH、FT3水平的变化呈正相关,与TT4水平变化呈负相关,男性精神分裂症患者攻击行为与睾酮水平的变化呈正相关.  相似文献   

8.
目的 比较双相抑郁障碍与复发性抑郁障碍患者的应对方式,并评估应对方式与两种疾病的关联.方法 采用横断面的病例对照设计,共入组双相抑郁障碍患者144例,复发性抑郁障碍患者189例,健康对照123例,应用特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)评估被试的应对方式.结果 与对照组比较,两患者组消极应对方式得分较高,积极应对方式得分较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);与复发抑郁障碍患者相比,双相抑郁障碍组积极应对方式较高(P<0.01).同种疾病中,非缓解期的患者较缓解期患者消极应对方式得分更高,积极应对方式得分更低.Logistic回归分析结果显示,在控制了年龄和疾病状态的影响后,积极应对方式仍是患双相障碍的危险因素(OR=1.064,95%CI=1.026~1.102),该模型对双相障碍的预测准确率为64.3%.结论 与复发抑郁障碍患者相比,双相抑郁障碍患者多采用较为积极的应对方式;采用较为积极的应对方式的抑郁障碍患者,发展成双相障碍的可能性较大.  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨住院精神分裂症患者攻击行为与人格特征的关系。方法:根据病史及外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)加权总分≥5分为界将95例处于急性发作期的住院精神分裂症患者分为攻击组(50例)和非攻击组(45例);给予两组患者阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、三维人格问卷(TPQ)评估,分析患者的攻击行为与人格特征的关系。结果:MOAS总分与PANSS总分、阳性症状评分、一般精神病理评分以及TPQ中的预期忧虑和悲观主义(HA1)评分呈正相关(P0.05),与多愁善感(RD1)评分存在负相关(P0.05);自身攻击评分与PANSS总分及一般精神病理评分呈正相关(P均0.01),体力攻击与RD1评分呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:伴攻击行为的住院精神分裂症患者具有预期忧虑和悲观主义的人格特征。  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨酒依赖共病双相情感障碍患者的冲动攻击行为与5-HTR1B rs6296基因多态性的关联,为酒依赖共病双相情感障碍患者冲动攻击行为导致病理生理改变机制的潜在遗传学差异的研究提供参考。方法采用病例对照研究,纳入符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第4版)》(DSM-IV)酒依赖共病双相情感障碍诊断标准的患者230例,依据修订版外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)评分分为有冲动攻击行为组(n=128)和无冲动攻击性行为组(n=102)。通过PCR直接测序法对rs6296基因多态性进行测定,并分析5-HTR1B rs6296基因多态性与酒依赖共病双相情感障碍患者冲动攻击行为的关联性。结果酒依赖共病双相情感障碍患者有冲动攻击行为组与无冲动攻击行为组rs6296位点的等位基因频率分布差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.135,P0.05);两组rs6296位点基因型分布差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.771,P0.05)。结论酒依赖共病双相情感障碍患者冲动攻击行为与5-HTR1B rs6296基因多态性无关联。  相似文献   

11.
Decades of intervention research have produced a rich body of evidence on the effects of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies with children and adolescents. Here we summarize and critique that evidence. We review findings bearing on the efficacy of psychosocial treatments and medications under controlled experimental conditions. We also report evidence, where available, on the effectiveness of both classes of treatment with clinically referred youth treated in real-world clinical contexts. In general, the large body of evidence on efficacy contrasts sharply with the small base of evidence on effectiveness. Addressing this gap through an enriched research agenda could contribute importantly to linking scientific inquiry and clinical practice—to the benefit of both ventures. This is one element of a multifaceted agenda for future research and for synthesis of research, which will require the interplay of multiple disciplines related to child and adolescent mental health.  相似文献   

12.
F.S. Labella 《Brain research》1981,219(1):166-171
Specific binding of [3H]naloxone to rat brain tissue in vitro was inhibited by the excitant organochlorinated insecticides (OCI), by ether (E) and octanol (OCT), and by the convulsant indoklon (IND) and its anesthetic isomer, isoindoklon (ISO). In the presence of 100 mM NaCl the inhibition of naloxone binding by E, OCT and ISO was greatly potentiated, whereas that by OCI and IND was attenuated. KCl (100 mM) was equally effective as NaCl on the action of anesthetics, but the effect of the excitant drugs was, in contrast to NaCl, unaffected by KCl. Specific binding of [3H]ouabain in the absence of Na, was depressed by anesthetics and enhanced by neuroexcitants. In the presence of NaCl, which by itself inhibits ouabain binding to brain, both anesthetics and excitants enhanced ouabain binding. DDE, a non-insecticidal analog of DDT, and the dimethyl derivative of the OCI, lindane, were inactive in the receptor assays. These observations point to a unique isolated system which responds consistently to anesthetic agents as a class and, in a different way, to neuroexcitant compounds.  相似文献   

13.
Satellite cells and myonuclei in young and elderly women and men   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
The overall aim of this study was to assess the effects of aging on the satellite cell population. Muscle biopsies were taken from the tibialis anterior muscle of healthy, moderately active young (age range, 20-32 years; n = 31) and elderly (age range, 70-83 years; n = 27) women and men with comparable physical activity pattern. Satellite cells and myonuclei were visualized using a monoclonal antibody against neural cell adhesion molecule and counterstained with Mayer's hematoxylin. An average of 211 (range, 192-241) muscle fibers were examined for each individual. Compared with the young women and men, the elderly subjects had a significantly lower (P < 0.011) number of satellite cells per muscle fiber but a significantly higher (P < 0.004) number of myonuclei per muscle fiber. The number of satellite cells relative to the total number of nuclei [satellite cells/(myonuclei + satellite cells)] was significantly lower in the elderly than in the young women and men. These results imply that a reduction in the satellite cell population occurs as a result of increasing age in healthy men and women.  相似文献   

14.
We studied how subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and age-matched controls learned and maintained the names of unfamiliar objects that were trained with or without semantic support (object definitions). Naming performance, phonological cueing, incidental learning of the definitions and recognition of the objects were tested during follow-up. We found that word learning was significantly impaired in MCI and AD patients, whereas forgetting patterns were similar across groups. Semantic support showed a beneficial effect on object name retrieval in the MCI group 8 weeks after training, suggesting that the MCI patients’ preserved semantic memory can compensate for impaired episodic memory. The MCI group performed equally well as the controls in the tasks measuring incidental learning and recognition memory, whereas the AD group showed impairment in this respect. Both the MCI and the AD group benefited less from phonological cueing than the controls. Our findings indicate that word learning is compromised in both MCI and AD, whereas long-term retention of newly learned words is not affected to the same extent. Incidental learning and recognition memory seem to be well preserved in MCI.  相似文献   

15.
在神经系统 ,Necdin只在成熟神经元的细胞核中表达 ,可能与成熟神经元分裂静止状态的保持有关。近年的研究表明 ,Necdin是一种生长抑制蛋白 ,能与多种因子如SV4 0大T抗原 ,腺病毒E1A ,转录因子E2F1以及肿瘤抑制蛋白p5 3等结合 ,在功能上类似于成视网膜瘤蛋白Rb。necdin基因缺陷时 ,会引起脑内 ,特别是下丘脑神经元分化障碍。人类necdin基因位于PWS综合征的基因缺失区 ,可能与PWS的一些症状有关。本文从Necdin蛋白的基本概况 ,生物功能以及Necdin与疾病三个方面进行了综述  相似文献   

16.
在神经系统,Necdin只在成熟神经元的细胞核中表达,可能与成熟神经元分裂静止状态的保持有关.近年的研究表明,Necdin是一种生长抑制蛋白,能与多种因子如SV40大T抗原,腺病毒E1A,转录因子E2F1以及肿瘤抑制蛋白p53等结合,在功能上类似于成视网膜瘤蛋白Rb.necdin基因缺陷时,会引起脑内,特别是下丘脑神经元分化障碍.人类necdin基因位于PWS综合征的基因缺失区,可能与PWS的一些症状有关.本文从Necdin蛋白的基本概况,生物功能以及Necdin与疾病三个方面进行了综述.  相似文献   

17.
18.
The study of the presentation, symptomatology and family characteristics of an exclusively adolescent sample of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) was undertaken. Twenty-four cases of borderline personality disorder, 20 females, 4 males, identified using chart review and meeting the criteria of the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB) and DSM III-R, were matched with psychiatric controls. Adolescents with borderline personality disorder were found to have high rates of affective symptomatology with Axis I diagnosis of major depressive disorder - MDD (DSM-III-R), and high rates of interpersonal psychopathology, i.e., manipulation, devaluation, and a pervasive sense of boredom. The latter seem to be characteristic as for adults with borderline personality disorder. The families were particularly angry and volatile.  相似文献   

19.
Cortisol levels and depression in men and women using heroin and cocaine   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are well documented in men using illicit drugs and/or infected with HIV; however, less is known about HPA function, or the health consequence of HPA dysfunction, in their female counterparts. People with depression exhibit hypercortisolemia, and depression is common in people with HIV or substance use problems. The current study investigated cortisol secretion in 209 demographically matched men and women, stratified by their HIV and drug use status. Self-reported depressive symptoms were evaluated using a standardized, validated questionnaire (CES-D). Women reported more depressive symptoms than men (p=.01). Male and female drug users exhibited higher cortisol concentrations (p=.03), and were more likely to report depressive symptoms (p=.04), than non-users. Depression was related to elevated cortisol concentrations for the study population (p=.03), and women with elevated cortisol concentrations were significantly more depressed than all other participants (p=.05). While it is unknown whether high cortisol concentrations precede depressive symptoms or vice versa, these data indicate that higher cortisol concentrations are associated with depressive symptoms in heroin and cocaine users, and that this association is more pronounced in women than men. HIV status did not act in an additive or synergistic way with drug use for either cortisol or CES-D measures in the current study. Unique therapies to treat the endocrine and mental health consequences of illicit drug use in men and women deserve consideration as depressive symptoms, and high cortisol concentrations associated with depressive symptoms, differ by gender.  相似文献   

20.
Dissociated experiences are often communicated to analysts. Clinicians may absorb patients' dissociation, thereby creating “counterdissociated” states. Counterdissociation contributes to binary thinking in the analyst similar to black- and-white thinking commonly seen in patients' dissociated states. This can have both positive and negative effects: Counterdissociation may help therapists identify with patients' experience, thereby cementing the therapeutic bond. If analysts remain counterdissociated, however, patients may remain dissociated. As analysts identify their counterdissociation, they may gain insight into patients' needs for dissociation. As they overcome counterdissociation, patients may concurrently overcome dissociation. This allows both to have a more nuanced view of inner experience. With two extended case studies of sexually abused men, this article tracks how an analyst deals with counterdissociation created through intimate contact with dissociated positive and negative introjects of victimizers, thus forming identifications or overidentifications with the patients' abused parts.  相似文献   

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