网络成瘾初中生的父母教养方式及人格特征的相关性

在网络用户呈现低龄化趋势中,网络对青少年的身心发展产生巨大的负面影响。通过临床实践和研究证明网络成瘾初中生与父母养育方式和人格密切相关[1],因此深入了解网络成瘾初中生人格特征和父母教养方式是本研究的目的。1资料和方法1.1对象:于2005年9～12月按照分层整群抽样的方法,采用Beard修订的Young的网络成瘾诊断问卷随机筛查了两所学校的初二和初三学生700名,对其中筛查阳性者由2名临床医师进行诊断性访谈,最终确定并纳入网络成瘾症(IAD)组,共47例(6.7%)。男34名,平均年龄(14.6±1.2),女13名,平均年龄(14.8±0.7)岁。男∶女=2.6∶1。…     

网络成瘾者心理防御机制与人格特征及其父母养育方式的关系

目的 研究网络成瘾者的心理防御机制和人格特征及其父母养育方式.方法 分别运用网络成瘾问卷(IDQ),防御方式问卷(DSQ),艾森克个性问卷(EPQ),父母养育方式问卷(EMBU)对75名网络成瘾者进行测试,并与配对的75名正常人进行对照研究.结果 1、网络成瘾者更多采用不成熟和中间型防御机制(χ2=4.23,P<0.05).2、网络成瘾者人格特征呈现不同程度的缺陷,防御机制与人格特征存在着一定的相关性(r=0.991,P<0.05).3、网络成瘾组与正常对照组的父母养育方式存有较大差异.结论 1、网络成瘾者更多地使用不成熟防御机制,存在病态人格特征,且二者之间存在明显相关性.2、网络成瘾与父母养育方式存在一定的相关性.     

The characteristics of decision making,potential to take risks,and personality of college students with Internet addiction

This study aimed to identify risk factors involved in Internet addiction. A total of 216 college students (132 males and 84 females) were given the following: (a) the diagnostic interview for Internet addiction, (b) the Iowa gambling test for decision-making deficits, (c) the Balloon Analog Risk Test (BART) to assess risk-taking tendencies, and (d) the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) for personality characteristics. The results revealed the following: (a) 49% of males and 17% of females were addicted, (b) the addicted students tended to select more advantageous cards in the last 40 cards of the Iowa test, indicating better decision making, (c) no difference was found for the BART, indicating that addicted subjects were not more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviors and (d) TPQ scores showed lower reward dependence (RD) and higher novelty seeking (NS) for the addicts. Their higher performance on the Iowa gambling test differentiates the Internet addiction group from the substance use and pathologic gambling groups that have been shown to be deficient in decision making on the Iowa test. Thus, students that fit these characteristics should be closely monitored to prevent Internet addiction.     

高职生个性心理特征和家庭教养方式对网瘾行为的影响分析

目的探讨网络成瘾症（简称IAD）的高职学生的内部个性特征和外部家庭教养方式等两大类因素对网络成瘾行为的贡献率。方法采用明尼苏达多项人格测验量表（MMPI）,共10个临床分量表和7个附加量表;家庭教养方式量表（EMBU）,父亲教养方式6个分量表和母亲教养方式5个分量表,构成28个分量表。采用主因素分析法与主分量分析软件来分析青少年的内部个性特征和外部家庭教养方式等两大类因素对网络成瘾行为的贡献率。结果父母教养方式作为独立影响因素对网瘾行为影响的独立贡献率为55.49%,父母教养方式对IAD起主要影响作用的是来自父亲母亲的过度保护、严厉和拒绝;个性行为特征的独立贡献率为35.03%。个性特征对IAD起主要影响作用的是精神衰弱、依赖和支配性,并与责任感负相关。结论父母教养方式对IAD学生网瘾成瘾行为的影响显著大于学生本身个性特征的影响。后者可能在网络成瘾行为的形成过程中起到了次要和配合性作用。     

某军校大学生网络成瘾与自尊关系研究

目的 探讨军校大学生网络成瘾行为与自尊的关系.方法 采用大学生自尊评定问卷（SEQU）和大学生网络成瘾类型问卷（TIASU）对300名军校大学生进行调查.结果 自尊重要感维度与网络成瘾及各因子呈正相关（P＜0.01）;外表感维度与除网络信息成瘾因子外网络成瘾及各因子呈正相关（P＜0.05）.重要感维度和胜任感维度进入回归方程,重要感维度对网络成瘾有正向预测力（t=5.829;P ＜0.01）,而胜任感维度却对网络成瘾具有负向预测力（t=-3.649;P ＜0.01）,总贡献率为11.1％.结论 军校大学生群体中,人口学变量对网络成瘾行为影响不大,且自尊因子与网络成瘾行为之间无明显相关.     

Exploring depression,self-esteem and verbal fluency with different degrees of internet addiction among Chinese college students

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to explore depression, self-esteem and verbal fluency functions among normal internet users, mild internet addictions and severe internet addictions.MethodsThe survey sample consisted of 316 college students, and their internet addiction symptoms, depression and self-esteem symptoms were assessed using the Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R), Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), respectively. From this sample, 16 students with non-addictions, 19 students with mild internet addiction (sub-MIA) and 15 students with severe internet addiction (sub-SIA) were recruited and subjected to the classical verbal fluency tests, including the semantic and phonemic fluency task.ResultsThe results indicated that severe internet addiction in the survey sample showed the highest tendency towards depressive symptoms and lowest self-esteem scores, and sub-SIA showed poor performance on the semantic fluency task.ConclusionIn conclusion, severe internet addiction was significantly associated with depression, low self-esteem and semantic verbal fluency problems.     

Tridimensional personality of adolescents with internet addiction and substance use experience.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the differences in personality characteristics between adolescents with and without Internet addiction and substance use experience as defined by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), and to compare personality characteristics among groups of adolescents with both Internet addiction and substance use experience (comorbid group), those with only Internet addition (Internet addiction group), those with only substance use experience (substance experience group), and those without Internet addiction or substance use experience (control group). METHOD: In the cross-sectional investigation, we recruited 3662 students (2328 boys and 1334 girls) from high schools in southern Taiwan. Our investigation was conducted using the TPQ, the Chen Internet Addiction Scale, and Questionnaires for Experience in Substance Use. RESULTS: Adolescents with Internet addiction were more likely to have substance use experience. High novelty seeking (NS), high harm avoidance (HA), and low reward dependence (RD) predicted a higher proportion of adolescents with Internet addiction. High NS, low HA, and low RD predicted a higher proportion of adolescents with substance use experience. Of the 4 groups, the Internet addiction group had the highest HA scores and the comorbid group had the lowest HA scores. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with high NS and low RD should be provided with effective strategies for preventing Internet addiction and substance use. In addition, the Internet addiction group and the comorbid group should be provided with different preventative strategies focused on HA.     

Prevalence of internet addiction among college students in the Indian setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe internet is an integral part of everyone’s life. College going adolescents are highly vulnerable to the misuse of the internet.AimsTo estimate the pooled prevalence of internet addiction (IA) among college students in India.MethodsLiterature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Google Scholar) were searched for studies assessing IA using the Young Internet Addiction Test (Y-IAT) among adolescents from India, published in the English language up to December 2020. We included studies from 2010 to 2020 as this is the marked era of momentum in wireless internet connectivity in India. The methodological quality of each study was scored, and data were extracted from the published reports. Pooled prevalence was estimated using the fixed-effects model. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots.ResultsFifty studies conducted in 19 states of India estimated the prevalence of IA and the overall prevalence of IA as 19.9% (95% CI: 19.3% to 20.5%) and 40.7% (95% CI: 38.7% to 42.8%) based on the Y-IAT cut-off scores of 50 and 40, respectively. The estimated prevalence of severe IA was significantly higher in the Y-IAT cut-off points of 70 than 80 (12.7% (95% CI: 11.2% to 14.3%) vs 4.6% (95% CI: 4.1% to 5.2%)). The sampling method and quality of included studies had a significant effect on the estimation of prevalence in which studies using non-probability sampling and low risk of bias (total quality score ≥7) reported lower prevalence. The overall quality of evidence was rated as ‘moderate’ based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria.ConclusionsOur nationally representative data suggest that about 20% to 40% of college students in India are at risk for IA. There is a need for further research in the reconsideration of Y-IAT cut-off points among Indian college students.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020219511.     

Relationship of Internet addiction with cognitive style,personality, and depression in university students

Background

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship of dysfunctional attitudes, self-esteem, personality, and depression with Internet addiction in university students.

Methods

A total of 720 university students participated in the study in Bülent Ecevit University English Preparatory School which offers intensive English courses. Students were evaluated with a sociodemographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale form A (DAS-A), Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised/Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A).

Results

The results indicated that 52 (7.2%) of the students had Internet addiction. There were 37 (71.2%) men, 15 (28.8%) women in the addicted group. While the addicted groups' BDI, DAS-A perfectionistic attitude, need for approval, RSES, EPQR-A neuroticism, and psychoticism scores were significantly higher, EPQR-A lie scores were significantly lower than those of the non addicted group. According to the multiple binary logistic regression analysis, being male, duration of Internet usage, depression, and perfectionistic attitude have been found as predictors for Internet addiction. It has been found that perfectionistic attitude is a predictor for Internet addiction even when depression, sex, duration of Internet were controlled.

Conclusions

To the knowledge of the researchers, this study is the first study to show the dysfunctional attitudes in Internet addiction. It can be important to evaluate dysfunctional attitudes, personality, self-esteem and depression in people with Internet addiction. These variables should be targeted for effective treatment of people with Internet addiction in cognitive behavioral therapy.     

大学生网络成瘾的性别差异

目的探索大学生网络成瘾的性别差异及其相关因素,为大学生网络成瘾的预防干预提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法在某综合性大学和某医科大学共2所大学抽取659名被试,使用自编网络行为偏好调查问卷、中文网络成瘾量表(CIAS)、交往焦虑量表(IAS)、流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行调査。结果男性大学生CIAS总评分、时间管理、网络成瘾戒断症状、强迫性上网评分均高于女性大学生,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.94~7.51,P均0.01)。男性大学生每周上网总时间多于女性大学生(t=4.64,P0.01),男性大学生更多使用网络游戏进行娱乐(t=5.77,P0.01);女性大学生CES-D总评分、SSRS总评分高于男性(t=-5.11、-2.39,P均0.05)。结论大学生网络行为偏好、抑郁、社会支持存在性别差异,可能是男性大学生网络成瘾倾向高于女性的相关影响因素。     

贫困大学生人格特征与心理健康的关系

目的探讨贫困大学生人格特征与心理健康的关系,旨在为其人格与心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用艾森克人格量表（EPQ）和症状自评量表（SCL-90）,抽取吉林某高校450名贫困大学生进行调查。结果贫困大学生E分数显著高于常模（t男=2.26,t女=10.20,P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,女性N分数显著高于常模（t女=6.85,P〈0.01）,男女生P分数与男生N分数与常模差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;SCL-90的9个因子分均值均显著高于国内青年常模（t=2.95～7.41,P〈0.01）;P、N分量表与SCL各因子分别呈显著正相关（r=0.17～0.61,P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,E分量表SCL的6个因子呈显著负相关（r=-0.14～-0.27,P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;P、N维度对心理健康水平具有显著的预测作用（P〈0.01）。结论贫困大学生人格偏外向,好交际,女生情绪欠稳定;其心理健康水平低于全国青年的平均水平,且较多地受到人格特征中情绪性与精神病质的影响。     

The association between harmful alcohol use and Internet addiction among college students: Comparison of personality

Aims:  This study aimed to (i) evaluate the association between Internet addiction and harmful alcohol use, and (ii) evaluate the associated personality characteristics of Internet addiction as well as harmful alcohol use.
Methods:  A total of 2453 college students were invited to complete the Chen Internet Addiction Scale, Behavior Inhibition System and Behavior Approach System Scale(BIS/BAS scale), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test from May 2005 to May 2006.
Results:  The results demonstrated Internet addiction was associated with harmful alcohol use among college students. College students with Internet addiction had higher scores on the BIS and BAS fun-seeking subscales. However, college students with harmful alcohol use had higher scores on the BAS drive and fun-seeking subscales, and lower scores on the BIS subscale.
Conclusions:  Internet addiction is associated with harmful alcohol use. Furthermore, fun seeking was the shared characteristic of these two problem behaviors and might contribute to the association. However, further studies are necessary to evaluate the underlying mechanisms accounting for the association between Internet addiction and harmful alcohol use.