速可平保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎并植物神经紊乱的临床研究

目的：探讨蝎毒制剂－速可平（ＳＶ）对溃疡性结肠炎（ＵＣ）的治疗效果。方法：６０例ＵＣ患者随机分组，采用蝎毒制剂—速可平保留灌肠（治疗组），同时与用柳氮磺胺吡啶（ＳＡＳＯ）肛栓剂（对照组）进行前瞻性对照研究。结果：两组治疗后主要症状、体征及肠粘膜结构积分均有明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０１），且治疗组较对照组改善更明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）；主要实验室指标治疗前后也均有显著的改善（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０１），且治疗组较对照组改善更明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）；治疗组平均治疗时间为３４天，而对照组为４８天（Ｐ＜０．０５），治疗组治愈率及总有效率分别为６０％和９３．３％与对照组３３．３％和８０％相比，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）；治愈病例进行６个月及１２个月的随访，治疗组复发率分别为１１．１％和１６．７％与对照组４０％和６０％相比，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０１）；两组副作用发生率分别为３％和１３．３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：速可平对ＵＣ具有较好治疗效果，同时能改善ＵＣ相关的免疫学指标，无明显副作用。     

血可溶性白细胞介素2受体与不同精神疾病的相关性研究

为了解精神疾病与可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ）的关系，采用双抗体夹心步骤的酶联免疫吸附测定（ＥＬＩＳＡ）来检测精神分裂症４０例、躁狂症１８例、抑郁症２０例及４９名健康者的血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ含量。结果显示，精神分裂症和抑郁症患者血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ基础值较健康对照组显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），躁狂症组较对照组显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），而精神分裂症和抑郁症患者经治疗后血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），躁狂症则明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示精神疾病患者存在有免疫缺陷，血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ是可供判断免疫缺陷和精神症状演变的一个参考指标。     

男性脑梗塞患者性激素变化动态观察

测定１２例男性脑梗塞患者入院第２天、８天和第１５～３０天血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）、睾酮（Ｔ）及Ｅ２／Ｔ比值，以健康人为对照组，动态观察性激素的变化规律。结果：（１）脑梗塞组入院后第２天、８天、１５～３０天Ｅ２、Ｔ和Ｅ２／Ｔ比值差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（２）脑梗塞组入院后第２天、８天、１５～３０天Ｅ２、Ｔ和Ｅ２／Ｔ比值较对照组明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），入院第２天Ｔ水平与健康对照组差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），第８天，１５～３０天时差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示血清Ｅ２增高参与了脑梗塞形成过程，Ｅ２／Ｔ比值增高可能是男性脑梗塞患者的易患因素     

癫痫患者血清中抗脑组织抗体的检测

补体结合试验对１１３例癫痫患者及６０例对照血清中抗脑组织抗体（ａｎｔｉ－ｅｎｃｅｐｈａｌｉｃａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙ，ＡＥＡｂ）进行检测，结果：１．癫痫患者ＡＥＡｂ阳性率为４２．２８％，明显高于对照组阳性率８．３３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。２．原发性癫痫与继发性癫痫之间ＡＥＡｂ阳性率未见差异；ＡＥＡｂ阳性率与年龄、性别、是否用抗痫药亦无明显关系（Ｐ＞０．０５）。３．ＡＥＡｂ阳性率与癫痫病程长短有关（Ｐ＜０．０５）；与脑电图是否异常、用药效果、发作类型有关（Ｐ＜０．０１）     

脑梗塞与红细胞免疫功能的初步研究

测定了４０例急性脑梗塞患病ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ和ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ．ＣＩＣ，Ｃ３等，发现脑梗塞患者ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ（１２．７１±２．３８％％）明显低于正常对照组（１８．４０±３．６１％），Ｐ＜０．０１；ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ（１９．６±２．１７％）高于正常对照组（７．１０±２．１３％），Ｐ＜０．０１。大梗塞灶组（梗塞灶≥２．０ｃｍ）ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ低于小梗塞灶组（梗塞灶＜１．９ｃｍ）．ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ则相反。脑梗塞组ＣＩＣ水平与正常对照组比较无显著性差异，而Ｃ３含量极高，Ｐ＜０．０１。本文对此结果的临床意义进行了讨论。     

孤独症患者围产期危险因素的研究

目的探讨孤独症与围产期危险因素的关系。方法应用自制围产期调查表对孤独症、精神发育迟滞（ＭＲ）和正常对照组各８０例进行研究。结果与正常对照组相比，孤独症组有明显高的围产期危险因素出现率，其中尤以病毒性感染（χ２＝１６．６８，Ｐ＜０．０１，ＯＲ＝３．４９７）、难产或胎位异常（χ２＝１４．７６，Ｐ＜０．０１，ＯＲ＝４．６７６）等更为显著；而ＭＲ以较高的母孕年龄（ｔ＝２．８９，Ｐ＜０．０５）、先兆流产（χ２＝７．７４，Ｐ＜０．０５）居多。结论孤独症的发病可能与病毒感染学说有某些联系     

轻型颅脑损伤143例短时记忆功能的改变

本文报告１４３例轻型颅脑损伤患者记忆商（ＭＱ）测定，并与３３例正常人对照。结果两组（ＭＱ）差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；患者组认图、再认、联想、理解等短时记忆测验分数明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。患者依额、颞、枕、顶等着力部位分为四组，认图、再认测验四组与对照组差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），四组间差异不显著；联想测验额、颞部着力组明显低于枕、顶部着力组Ｐ＜ｏ．０１）；理解测验额、颞、枕部着力组明显低于顶部着力组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；颞部着力组ＭＱ明显低于顶、枕部着力组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示轻型脑外伤易致短时记忆障碍，以颞、额部着力者尤著。     

低能量He－Ne激光血管内照射治疗缺血性脑血管病的临床与实验室观察

本文对４０例急性缺血性脑血管病患者应用低能量Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光血管内照射血液（ＩＬＩＢ）治疗前后进行对比，发现ＩＬＩＢ能降低全血低切粘度、高切粘度、压积及还原比粘度、抗磷脂抗体、血糖、胆固醇、甘油三脂、血脂蛋白α（Ｐ＜０．０１）；升高高密度脂蛋白（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而染色体数目形态无改变。其疗效明显优于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），认为ＩＬＩＢ治疗效果明确，安全可靠，有极好的临床应用价值     

蕲蛇酶注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的　考察蕲蛇酶对急性脑梗死的治疗效果。方法　将１９０例急性脑梗死患者随机分成蕲蛇酶治疗组９６例，对照组９４例，进行双盲对照研究。结果　蕲蛇酶治疗组显效率为６７．７％ ，较对照组之４６．８％ 明显升高（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）；治疗后ＦＧ、ＰＡｇＴ、ｎＰ、Ｈｔ４项凝血指标显著下降（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）；颅脑ＣＴ复查低密度灶平均体积显著小于对照组（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论　蕲蛇酶实为一种新型的降纤、抗栓、改善微循环的药物。     

老年人急性脑梗塞患者红细胞变形能力与红细胞 ATP 酶活性关系的研究

检测了６０例老年人急性脑梗塞患者的红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ），红细胞ＡＴＰ酶活性和红细胞内离子浓度的变化。结果显示：老年人急性脑梗塞患者红细胞滤过指数（ＥＦＩ）较对照组显著增高（Ｐ＜０．００１）；红细胞Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性和Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．００１）；红细胞内Ｎａ＋、Ｃａ２＋浓度明显增高（Ｐ＜０．００１），而Ｍｇ２＋浓度明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。脑梗塞患者红细胞ＥＦＩ与Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶、Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性、Ｍｇ２＋浓度呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．５４２、－０．４１７、－０．４３６）（Ｐ＜０．００１）；与红细胞内Ｎａ＋、Ｃａ２＋浓度呈正相关（ｒ＝０．４７３、０．４６６，Ｐ＜０．００１）；提示脑梗塞病人ＥＤ降低与红细胞ＡＴＰ酶活性降低有关。     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

Sense of coherence as a predictor of subjective state of health: results of 4 years of follow-up of adults

A number of cross-sectional population studies have shown that a strong sense of coherence (SOC) is associated with various aspects of good perceived health. The association does not seem to be entirely attributable to underlying associations of SOC with other variables, such as age or level of education. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to determine whether SOC predicted subjective state of health. METHODS: The study was carried out as a two-way panel mail survey of 1976 individuals with 4 years interval for two collections of data. The statistical method used was multivariate cumulative logistic modeling. Age, initial subjective state of health, initial occupational training level, and initial degree of social integration were included as potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A strong SOC predicted good health in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: SOC can be interpreted as an autonomous internal resource contributing to a favorable development of subjective state of health. SOC data should, however, be regarded as complementary to and not a substitute for information already known to be associated with increased risk of future ill health.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.     

Bibliography of officers of department of mental hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -