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1.
目的调查住院精神分裂症患者代谢综合征的发生率,分析与代谢综合征有关的危险因素。方法将符合CCMD-3诊断标准的住院精神分裂症患者为研究对象,以2004年中华医学会糖尿病分会代谢综合征为标准,了解精神分裂症患者伴发代谢综合征的发生率,并用Logistic回归分析其相关因素。结果符合入组条件者共726例,精神分裂症患者伴发代谢综合征患病率为32.3%。代谢综合征患病相关的危险因素为年龄、氯氮平及精神分裂症的病程(P〈0.05)。Logistis回归分析结果显示,精神分裂症患者伴发代谢综合征的危险因素是高龄,病程。结论与普通人群相比,精神分裂症患者具有较高伴发代谢综合征患病风险,可能的危险因素为高龄,病程长和服用氯氮平等。  相似文献   

2.
503例住院精神分裂症患者共患糖尿病的调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:调查住院精神分裂症患者糖尿病的发生情况及相关因素。方法:对503例住院精神分裂症患者进行病历资料回顾,体格检查及血生化检测。结果:住院精神分裂症患者糖尿病的时点患病率为12.9%,显著高于一般人群的3.21%(OR=4.48,CI=3.43~5.84,P〈0.01)。40—49岁的患者中糖尿病患病率增高明显(14.6%vs.3.02%,OR=5.51,CI=3.49~8.70,P〈0.01)。糖尿病发生与年龄、体质量超重及腹型肥胖有关。糖尿病组患者的病程比非糖尿病患者长(Z=-6.989,P〈0.01),接受目前抗精神病药物治疗时间也比非糖尿病患者长(Z=-4.794,P〈0.01)。氯氮平新发糖尿病患病率高于利培酮组与经典药物组(P〈0.01),利培酮组与经典药物组患病率差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论:住院精神分裂症患者糖尿病患病率高于一般人群,与患者年龄、体质量超重、病程及抗精神病药治疗时间有关。氯氮平比利培酮及经典药物可能更容易导致糖尿病的发生。  相似文献   

3.
精神分裂症合并代谢综合征的调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的调查精神分裂症合并代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)的患病率及相关因素。方法对住院的210例精神分裂症患者进行MS调查和相关实验室指标测定,MS的诊断标准采用2004年中华医学会糖尿病分会标准。结果资料完整的精神分裂症住院患者210例;精神分裂症患者合并MS的患病率为18.9%,72.1%的患者至少有1项MS成分;MS组饮酒史阳性者比例显著高于非MS组(P〈0.05);体重指数(BMI)与MS的发生直线相关(r=0.350,P〈0.01)。结论精神分裂症患者具有较高的MS发生风险,BMI是一项重要的预测指标,饮酒史是危险因素。  相似文献   

4.
目的:研究住院精神分裂症伴发代谢综合征者的患病率及生活质量,并分析其可能的影响因素.方法:对500例住院精神分裂症患者进行问卷调查和实验室检查. 结果:500例精神分裂症患者中代谢综合征者的患病率为37%,与代谢综合征患病风险相关的危险因素中包括年龄、病程(P<0.05).精神分裂症伴发代谢综合征患者在生活质量方面,心...  相似文献   

5.
研究表明精神分裂症患者存在较高的代谢综合征患病率,死于心血管疾病的风险几乎是正常人的2~3倍,抗精神病药物治疗增加患代谢综合征的风险。本文主要对精神分裂症患者发生代谢综合征的可能机制及其对策进行综述。  相似文献   

6.
目的 调查精神分裂症患者心电图QTc间期延长及相关影响因素。方法 对服用稳定剂量抗精神病药的522例住院精神分裂症患者进行横断面调查,收集人口学资料,测定空腹血糖等生化指标,并进行心电图检查,以QTc≥440ms作为QTc间期延长标准,分析QTc间期延长状况及其相关因素。结果 QTc间期延长发生率12.8%,女性(22.7%)高于男性(7.8%),差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01),心电图窦性心动过速和传导阻滞患者QTc间期延长风险分别是心电图正常患者的2.6和3.1倍(P〈0.05)。结论 抗精神病药治疗期间QTc间期延长发生率存在性别差异,女性QTc间期延长的风险可能更高。  相似文献   

7.
精神分裂症与糖尿病关系的探讨   总被引:37,自引:0,他引:37  
目的:了解住院精神分裂症患者中糖尿病的发病情况及其与抗精神病药等因素的关系。方法:回顾性调查符合CCMD-2-R诊断标准的住院精神分裂症患者中的糖尿病发病情况以及抗精神病药的使用情况等相关因素,观察体重、血糖和血脂的变化。糖尿病的诊断按照 WHO关于糖尿病的诊断标准(1980年)作出。将精神分裂症患者中的糖尿病发生率与一般人群中的患病率进行比较,并分析影响糖尿病发生的相关因素。结果:在503例精神分裂症住院患者中,糖尿病的发生率为15.1%,为普通人群(2.5%)的6倍(x^2=18.10,P<0.01)。抗精神病药物可引起体重的显著增加(t=5.45,P<0.01)。糖尿病的发生与精神分裂症的持续病程、长期住院、患者的年龄以及阳性糖尿病家族史等因素有关。氯氮平对糖尿病的影响与其他抗精神药物无显著差异(x^2=0.38,P>0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者中糖尿病的发生率远高于普通人群,抗精神病药物引起的体重增加可能与此有关,临床上应予以关注。  相似文献   

8.
目的比较首发精神分裂症患者接受氯丙嗪或利培酮治疗1年后发生代谢综合征的风险,探索干预新模式以降低抗精神病药物导致的代谢综合征。方法首发精神分裂症住院患者分别给予氯丙嗪或利培酮治疗。于人组时、治疗第1、3、6及12个月末,检测空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、三酰甘油水平和血压、体重等。结果共入组198例患者。入院时及治疗第12个月末代谢综合征阳性分别为22例(11.1%)和28例(14.1%),差异有统计学意义(x2=26.21,P〈0.01)。氯丙嗪组,入组时和治疗1年后发生代谢综合征阳性人数分别为12例(11.7%)和17例(16.5%),差异有统计学意义(校正x2=20.85,P〈0.01)。利培酮组分别为10例(10.5%)和11例(11.6%),差别无统计学意义(校正x2=1.97,P=0.16)。治疗第12个月末,利培酮组血浆三酰甘油水平、空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白含量低于氯丙嗪组,差异有统计学意义。代谢综合征的发生与患者入组时的代谢异常(r=0.36,P〈0.01)和男性(r=0.17,P:0.02)有关,与治疗药物无关(r=0.07,P=0.32)。结论氯丙嗪和利培酮可引起或加重首发精神分裂症患者代谢综合征。抗精神病药物对患者的影响尚需要进一步的研究。  相似文献   

9.
目的调查与分析住院精神分裂症患者的藏药行为,探讨非经典抗精神病药物对女性精神病患者藏药行为的影响。方法观察837例精神分裂症住院患者一周的服药情况,对58例有藏药行为患者的临床资料进行了整理和分析。结果精神分裂症住院患者的藏药率为6.93%(58/837);其中,男性38例,服用经典抗精神病药物者15例,非经典药物者23例;女性20例,服用经典抗精神病药物者14例,非经典药物者6例。女性患者服用非经典精神药物发生藏药行为的例数明显少于男性患者,两者间差异经卡方检验有显著性意义(χ2=4.88,P〈0.05)。结论女性患者服用非经典精神药物藏药行为发生少,依从性高。  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨吸烟对首发住院精神分裂症患者近期疗效的影响。方法将102例首发住院的精神分裂症男性患者按是否吸烟分成吸烟组、非吸烟组,均予8周的非典型抗精神病药物治疗,采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定临床疗效。结果两组治疗前PANSS总分差异无显著性(P〉0.05),治疗后两组PANSS总分均有显著下降(P〈0.01);吸烟组治疗后PANSS总分高于非吸烟组(P〈0.01),临床显效率低于非吸烟组(P〈0.01);吸烟组抗精神病药物使用剂量高于非吸烟组(P〈0.05)。结论吸烟可能影响首发精神分裂症的近期疗效。  相似文献   

11.
Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005  相似文献   

12.
BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.  相似文献   

13.
2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。  相似文献   

14.
目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。  相似文献   

15.
《Clinical neurophysiology》2020,131(1):243-258
Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.  相似文献   

16.
目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。  相似文献   

17.
18.
Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.  相似文献   

19.
Introduction: An important consideration in treating acute mania is the promptness with which a chosen therapy can bring symptom amelioration. This article reviews the available published data from controlled, blinded studies regarding the latency of responses to antipsychotics in patients with acute mania.

Methods: Articles for this review were obtained from a search of the Medline database (1966–1999), using the following keywords and phrases: antipsychotic, atypical, bipolar disorder, mania, neuroleptic, typical. The bibliographic sections of articles gleaned from this search were used to direct further inquiries.

Results: Although information regarding the onset of action of antipsychotics is limited, we discovered data for four typical and three atypical antipsychotics. Drugs with the fastest onsets include haloperidol, risperidone, and olanzapine, with onsets appearing in 2–6 days. Chlorpromazine and thiothixene were at the slowest end of the continuum, with onsets of 2 weeks or longer. Data regarding pimozide are mixed, with some studies showing an onset equivalent to that of the 'fast' compounds and others showing one similar to that of the 'slow' compounds.

Conclusions: Choice of therapy should consider not only efficacy and safety, but also onset speed. Atypical antipsychotics appear to offer safer, faster, and more effective therapies.  相似文献   

20.
Nearly 400 years ago, Thomas Willis described the arterial ring at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis, CW) and recognized it as a compensatory system in the case of arterial occlusion. This theory is still accepted. We present several arguments that via negativa should discard the compensatory theory. (1) Current theory is anthropocentric; it ignores other species and their analog structures. (2) Arterial pathologies are diseases of old age, appearing after gene propagation. (3) According to the current theory, evolution has foresight. (4) Its commonness among animals indicates that it is probably a convergent evolutionary structure. (5) It was observed that communicating arteries are too small for effective blood flow, and (6) missing or hypoplastic in the majority of the population. We infer that CW, under physiologic conditions, serves as a passive pressure dissipating system; without considerable blood flow, pressure is transferred from the high to low pressure end, the latter being another arterial component of CW. Pressure gradient exists because pulse wave and blood flow arrive into the skull through different cerebral arteries asynchronously, due to arterial tree asymmetry. Therefore, CW and its communicating arteries protect cerebral artery and blood–brain barrier from hemodynamic stress.  相似文献   

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