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Metabolic Factors in Fatigue   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
KEYPOINTS Sustainedproductionofmuscularforceduringexercise dependsonthegenerationofchemicalenergy(ATP)bynonoxidative(anaerobic)andoxidative(aerobic)metabolism.Fatiguedevelopswhenthecompoundsneededtopro duceATParedepletedorwhenby-productsof metabolismaccumulateinmuscle.Thesemetabolicchangescancausefatiguebyactingon nerveprocessesthatactivatemuscles.Bothcentral andperipheralnervoussystemsmaybeimpaired.ReductionsinmusclelevelsofATP,phosphocreatine,andglycogen,andlowbloodglucoseavailabilit…  相似文献   

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IntroductionMagnetic resonance imaging based guidance control and monitoring of minimally invasive intervention has developed from a hypothetical concept to a practical possibility. Magnetic-resonance-guided interstitial therapy in principle is defined as a treatment technique for ablating deepseated tumors in the human body.  相似文献   

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree of knee flexion at which: (1) degenerative joint space narrowing is best seen, (2) the tibial plateau is best visualized and (3) the tibiofemoral angle is most correct, in order to assess the degree of flexion in the anteroposterior radiographic view that is most useful for assessing medial compartment osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We compared the conventional extended view of the knee and views at 15 degrees, 30 degrees, and 45 degrees of flexion with respect to joint space narrowing, alignment of the medial tibial plateau (MTP), and tibiofemoral angles in 113 knees of 95 patients with medial osteoarthritis of the knee (22 men, 73 women; mean age 67 years). RESULTS: At the midpoint and the narrowest point of the medial compartment, joint space narrowing values at 15 degrees, 30 degrees, and 45 degrees of flexion of the knee were smaller than that of the conventional extended view. Superimposition of the margins of the tibial plateau was satisfactory in 12% of patients in the conventional extended view, in 36% at 15 degrees of flexion, in 20% at 30 degrees of flexion, and in 19% at 45 degrees of flexion of the knee. When the knee was at 15 degrees of flexion there was a smaller difference in the tibiofemoral angle, in comparison with the knee extended, than was the case at 30 degrees and 45 degrees of flexion in patients with medial OA. CONCLUSION: A posteroanterior view with 15 degrees of flexion of the knee was able to detect joint space narrowing accurately, to achieve good alignment of the MTP in the medial compartment, and to reduce the difference in tibiofemoral angle compared with a view of the knee in conventional extension, and may be an alternative view in cases of medial OA of the knee.  相似文献   

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Purpose

Amyloid ?? protein (A??) is known as a pathological substance in Alzheimer??s disease (AD) and is assumed to coexist with a degree of activated microglia in the brain. However, it remains unclear whether these two events occur in parallel with characteristic hypometabolism in AD in vivo. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the in vivo relationship between A?? accumulation and neuroinflammation in those specific brain regions in early AD.

Methods

Eleven nootropic drug-na?ve AD patients underwent a series of positron emission tomography (PET) measurements with [11C](R)PK11195, [11C]PIB and [18F]FDG and a battery of cognitive tests within the same day. The binding potentials (BPs) of [11C](R)PK11195 were directly compared with those of [11C]PIB in the brain regions with reduced glucose metabolism.

Results

BPs of [11C](R)PK11195 and [11C]PIB were significantly higher in the parietotemporal regions of AD patients than in ten healthy controls. In AD patients, there was a negative correlation between dementia score and [11C](R)PK11195 BPs, but not [11C]PIB, in the limbic, precuneus and prefrontal regions. Direct comparisons showed a significant negative correlation between [11C](R)PK11195 and [11C]PIB BPs in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) (p?<?0.05, corrected) that manifested the most severe reduction in [18F]FDG uptake.

Conclusion

A lack of coupling between microglial activation and amyloid deposits may indicate that A?? accumulation shown by [11C]PIB is not always the primary cause of microglial activation, but rather the negative correlation present in the PCC suggests that microglia can show higher activation during the production of A?? in early AD.  相似文献   

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Kruskal JB 《Radiology》2007,243(2):307-308
Optical imaging currently can be used to characterize some of the early steps in the angiogenic pathway in vivo in animals. Liu and Matsui have provided valuable information in regard to the sequential changes in the origin and nature of newly formed blood vessels during progressive stages of growth of hepatic colorectal cancer metastases. The short-term challenge is to image cellular events that precede visible vessel formation and that occur during drug-induced vascular regression.  相似文献   

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Puls R  Völzke H 《Der Radiologe》2011,51(5):379-383
Population-based whole-body MRI examinations have been evaluated for the first time within the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). This ongoing cohort study investigates associations of overweight (57.9% of the female and 74.1% of the male population) and obesity (25.1% and 26.0%, respectively) with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in a population with decreased life expectancy compared to the total German average. Whole-body MRI offers the possibility to evaluate parameters, such as the amount of visceral and liver fat and can contribute to further conclusions on these common diseases.  相似文献   

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The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.  相似文献   

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Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods: Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% (4/22). A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% (8/22). Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.  相似文献   

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Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.  相似文献   

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Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).  相似文献   

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Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to  相似文献   

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The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.  相似文献   

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KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.  相似文献   

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KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief,intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.,≥90%of VO2 peak).  相似文献   

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