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1.
目的 利用3.0T磁共振成像精确测量正常胎儿标本双侧肾脏的宽径、厚径、长径及肾脏体积,并分析其与孕周的相关关系,了解正常胎儿标本在不同孕周其肾脏的发育情况.方法 22例20~27周无泌尿系统异常的胎儿标本接受3.0T磁共振肾脏(0.9mm层厚、0.5mm层间距)扫描,测量正常胎儿标本肾脏宽径、厚径、长径及体积.结果 ①胎儿标本平均肾脏宽径由20周的(0.97±0.16)cm逐渐增长至27周的(1.40±0.12)cm,与GW相关系数r=0.739(P<0.01),肾脏宽径随孕周呈线性增长(P<0.01);②胎儿标本平均肾脏厚径由20周的(1.11士0.23)cm逐渐增长至27周的(1.40±0.08)cm,与GW相关系数r=0.584(P<0.01),肾脏厚径随孕周呈线性增长(P<0.01);③胎儿标本平均肾脏长径由20周的(1.78±0.10)cm逐渐增长至27周的(2.60±0.32)cm,与GW相关系数r=0.718(P<0.01),肾脏长径随孕周呈线性增长(P<0.01);④胎儿标本平均肾脏体积由20周的(1.26±0.29)cm^3逐渐增长至27周的(3.34±0.25)cm^3,与GW相关系数r=0.870(P<0.01),肾脏体积随孕周呈线性增长(P<0.01).结论 MRI可准确测量胎儿肾脏宽径、厚径、长径及体积,评价中孕期胎儿肾脏形态、大小及体积发育情况,MRI可以作为胎儿肾脏产前超声检查的重要补充检查及进一步验证方法,具有很高的临床应用价值,可为胎儿发育提供更多参考数据,为产科临床工作提供科学依据.  相似文献   

2.
目的 探讨扩散加权成像(DWI)对正常胎儿脑发育的评估价值.方法 回顾性分析40例正常胎儿脑DWI表现,孕周19~39周,平均33.6周.在ADC图上分析总结正常胎儿脑表现特征,并测量脑干、双侧小脑半球、基底节区、丘脑、颞叶白质、额叶白质、枕叶白质、半卵圆中心及顶叶白质的ADC值,分析不同部位ADC值随孕周变化的规律.结果 在ADC图上,胎儿幕上脑实质表现为信号强度不同的分层状结构,随孕周增加分层减少.双侧大脑半球间对称部位ADC值无显著性差异.幕上深部白质平均ADC值高于小脑半球、脑干及深部灰质核团,顶叶ADC值最高(1.62 ±0.17) mm/s,脑干ADC值最低(1.08±0.13) mm/s.胎儿脑干、双侧小脑半球、基底节区、丘脑、颞叶白质、枕叶白质、半卵圆中心及顶叶白质ADC值与胎龄呈负相关,小脑半球相关系数最高(r=0.78),枕叶相关系数最低(r=0.38),额叶与胎龄无线性相关(P>0.05).小脑半球ADC值随胎龄增长下降最快(b=0.03).结论 DWI可应用于正常胎儿脑发育的评估,为胎儿脑发育的产前诊断及预后提供重要信息.  相似文献   

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目的:探讨产前四维超声筛查胎儿唇裂的最佳时间临床价值。方法利用四维超声检查对202例不同孕周孕妇的检查图像进行对比分析,探讨对胎儿唇裂的最佳诊断时间。结果本文202例孕妇经四维超声检查后获得满意的面部图像192例,而因为羊水过少、胎儿位置不当等因素而导致超声图像不满意者10例。在192例获得满意胎儿面部图像中孕18周~49例,满意显示率为79.03%,此期胎儿面部瘦削,图像质量显示稍差;孕22周~72例,满意显示率为92.31%;随孕周的增长,胎儿面部越来越丰满,鼻唇部结构越来越清晰。孕26周~34例,满意显示率为82.93%;孕32~36周16例,满意显示率为76.19%;超声显示不佳,可能与面部羊水过少、胎龄过大,面部与其它器官接触较近,难于分辨有关。经统计学分析发现孕22~26周孕妇的四维超声显示效果最高,其满意显示率明显优于孕18周~、孕26~、孕32~36,且差异具有统计学意义。结论四维超声检查最好在孕中期进行,我们体会最佳时间应在22~26周,是胎儿畸形检查的最佳时期。  相似文献   

4.
目的测量20~37周正常胎儿标本第四颈椎(C4)椎体各参数随孕周变化的规律,完善胚胎脊椎发育影像解剖数据。方法利用3.0T磁共振对41例20~37孕周(男,21例;女,20例)胎儿标本行3D-T_2WI和T_2WI-SPC序列扫描,测量不同孕周C4椎体生长参数并行统计分析,得出各参数随孕周变化的曲线。结果 C4椎体的各参数的变化随孕周变化呈线性相关,不同性别在各参数中无统计学差异。结论 C4椎体作为典型中位颈椎椎体的代表,其动态生长发育呈线性增长趋势,与胎龄相关的C4椎体的生长参数参照区间对评估先天性脊柱发育缺陷有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

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目的:通过MRI精确测量胎儿腹围(AC),探讨其与孕周(GA)关系.方法:MRI扫描未见明显异常之胎儿307例,胎龄24~38周,测量胎儿腹围,对结果与孕周的关系进行相关与回归分析.结果:正常胎儿腹围随孕周变化的一元线性方程为:AC=-53.324+10.727×GA (r2=0.808,P<0.01).结论:胎儿腹围与孕周变化显著相关,测量结果为评估胎儿的发育情况提供一项量化的参考指标.  相似文献   

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目的 应用高场强MRI探讨胎儿基底核区的发育规律.方法 选取131例14~40孕 周胎儿标本,先行3.0 T MR扫描,从中选取11例14~27孕周标本再行7.0 T MR扫描.在上述MR图像上分析基底核区各结构的出现时间及信号变化.结果 在3.0 T MR图像上,14孕周时基底核区仅背侧丘脑能够辨别,15孕周时能辨识生发基质、尾状核与壳,18孕周时能显示苍白球,20孕周时内囊与外囊显示清晰.尾状核在15~30孕周时与脑白质的信号强度相比,在T1WI上呈低信号,T2WI上呈高信号,31~40孕周,在T1WI聊上呈高信号,T2WI上呈低信号.壳在15~17孕周时,在T1WI上呈高信号,T2WI上呈低信号,18~25孕周呈现斑块状外观,26~30孕周在T1WI上呈低信号,T2WI上呈高信号,31~40孕周在T1WI上呈高信号,T2WI上呈低信号.苍白球20孕周后T1WI上呈高信号,T2WI上呈低信号.与3.0 TMRI相比,7.0TT2WI更加清晰,16孕周时生发基质、尾状核、豆状核、背侧丘脑、内囊与外囊均显示清晰,18孕周时能辨别出屏状核.结论 3.0 T MR/可以较好地显示发育中的胎儿基底核区的结构.在14~21孕周,7.O T T2WI比3.0 T MR图像更好地显示胎儿基底核区的结构.  相似文献   

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孕妇 27岁.孕1产0.孕36周,使用彩超仪,探头频率3~5加MHz,超声检查:胎儿各项发育指标未见异常,羊水量正常、透声好,胎盘成熟度为Ⅱ级.  相似文献   

8.
胎儿主要器官的正常解剖及MR表现   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
目的了解胎儿主要器官的正常解剖及MR表现。方法对47例胎儿行快速MR成像检查,使用序列为单次激发快速自旋回波序列,观察主要正常器官的解剖和MR表现,包括脑、肺、心脏、肝、脾、胃肠道、肾脏、膀胱、骨骼、脊柱和皮下脂肪,并按不同的胎龄分组观察。结果47例胎儿MR检查结果表明:孕20周时,胎儿各主要器官均已发育。20周左右,大脑皮层光滑,无脑回、脑沟,之后脑回、脑沟逐渐缓慢形成;肺、气管、支气管均呈高信号,心脏、大血管及肝脾呈低信号,胃肠道、肾孟肾盏、膀胱呈高信号,肾实质为等信号,骨骼、肌肉呈低信号;脊柱20周已形成,皮下脂肪20周可见,随胎龄增长逐渐增多。结论快速MR成像能清楚显示胎儿各主要器官的正常解剖和发育变化,胎儿主要器官的解剖和MR表现与新生儿有较大的差别。  相似文献   

9.
本文通过不同胎龄胎儿142例进行直接测量体重、身长、顶臀长、头围、胸围的值来研究高原乏氧对不同胎龄胎儿发育的影响。结果:①13~16孕周胎儿开始体重低于海平面、两组比较有明显差异(P<0.01),到出生较海平面体重低369~440克;②胎儿于13~16孕周体重衡至指数(PI)明显高于海平面;③顶臀长于9~12孕周开始低于海平面,两组对比有明显差异(P<0.01);④身长于17~20孕周开始低于海平面、两组对比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。  相似文献   

10.
目的利用3.0T磁共振研究正常胎儿标本腰椎长度随孕周增加的变化规律及不同性别间差异,绘制腰段脊柱生长曲线。方法利用3.0T MR扫描仪对71例16~42周自然流产及因母体或胎儿因素引产的胎儿新鲜标本行全脊柱3D-T2WI序列扫描,对所得图像以L2椎体为中心进行三方位重建,在正中矢状位上测量腰椎长度,对测量参数和孕周作回归分析,并比较测量参数在性别间的差异。结果胎儿腰椎长度在16~42周从(1.96±0.13)cm增加到(5.54±0.42)cm,长度与孕周均呈直线相关,线性回归方程为:腰椎长度(cm)=-0.401+0.147×孕周,R2=0.98,P0.05;腰椎长度发育不存在性别差异。结论孕中晚期胎儿腰椎长度随孕周增加发育迅速,与胎龄呈高度直线相关性,与性别间无明显相关性,腰椎长度是评估胎儿胎龄及生长发育状况的可靠指标。  相似文献   

11.
The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.  相似文献   

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Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).  相似文献   

15.
Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.  相似文献   

16.
Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods: Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% (4/22). A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% (8/22). Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.  相似文献   

17.
Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to  相似文献   

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KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief,intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.,≥90%of VO2 peak).  相似文献   

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The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.  相似文献   

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