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1.
吴军  郭庆元  彭绍周 《人民军医》2002,45(9):558-558
PT-Ⅰ型止血带是目前我军常规装备的一种充气式止血带.与传统橡皮止血带相比,它的特点是局部加压,安全使用时间长,组织损伤和并发症少,适用于野战条件下的自救和伤员的后送.在野战条件下试用中,它有以下不足:①易漏气,尤其在碰撞或搬运、担架转移时易将活塞带掉或碰松而漏气;②装置多,活塞及绳子易丢失;③操作需双手协同完成,不利于隐蔽和减少再伤亡.  相似文献   

2.
战备训练关系到军队疗养院完成基本任务和“能打胜仗”的卫勤保障宗旨,战(现)场急救作为战创伤伤员救治工作的起点,一直是疗养院战备训练工作的基础环节,必须注重通过单兵技术训练,促进每一位医务人员掌握战备训练与卫勤保障的基本和知识,学会正确使用野战卫生装备与战救器材_lJ。通过对4个师级单位比武考核的调研,我院借鉴部队训练考核方法,在近年来的战救训练中,狠抓了全体人员的战(现)场急救训练,促进了战救首要环节的救治质量提升。  相似文献   

3.
体温计刺伤手指致汞列留1例   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
李丹 《人民军医》2002,45(9):558-558
PT Ⅰ型止血带是目前我军常规装备的一种充气式止血带。与传统橡皮止血带相比 ,它的特点是局部加压 ,安全使用时间长 ,组织损伤和并发症少 ,适用于野战条件下的自救和伤员的后送。在野战条件下试用中 ,它有以下不足 :①易漏气 ,尤其在碰撞或搬运、担架转移时易将活塞带掉或碰松而漏气 ;②装置多 ,活塞及绳子易丢失 ;③操作需双手协同完成 ,不利于隐蔽和减少再伤亡。针对以上情况作者对接口作了如下改进 ,如图 1~图 4。图 1 止血带气囊接口 (A)及充气囊接口 (B)图 2 止血带和打气囊对接充气 (A)及扳口活塞杆 ,封闭气囊 (B)经试用 ,…  相似文献   

4.
<正>野战条件下,战伤救治具有环境恶劣、伤员集中、伤情复杂等特征,运用有限的医疗资源,最大限度地完成大量伤员的救治,做好快速诊治、分类及后送等任务是重中之重。通过物理检查、包扎、固定等方法对伤病员进行救治可能会发生病情误判或延误救治。便携式超声不仅可以进行快速的诊断及辅助性治疗,也为伤病员分类及后送提供了可  相似文献   

5.
囊式野战骨伤急救装置的研制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的介绍囊式野战骨伤急救装置的制作原理结构,及其临床的使用方法及注意事项。方法采用囊式气囊作为主体固定部件,内置由滤网包裹的高分子可塑颗粒作为填充材料,附带抽气装置,嵌入改进后担架床进行急救。结果按中华医学会骨科学分会对骨伤评定标准:优28例,良6例,可1例,优良率达到97%。结论该装置是适合于野战急救,它具有携带方便、固定操作时间短、固定效果好、能有效防止搬运过程中对患者的二次损伤等特点。该装置适用于多种骨折和关节脱位现场急救固定,解决了传统救护骨折固定材料(器具)的局限和不足,具有较好的临床应用价值。  相似文献   

6.
目的:观察ABO、RhD血型快速检测卡在野战环境下进行血型鉴定的准确度和稳定性,为野战及紧急状况下的血型鉴定研制快速血型检测卡。方法:检测卡存放条件:-40℃、20~25℃、50℃;溶解单抗使用的水:生理盐水、自来水、河水。使用不同条件下放置30天的血型检测卡对同一批血样进行血型鉴定,溶解抗A、抗B使用不同水源的水。对比血型鉴定结果和1 min凝集强度。结果:不同温度(-40℃2、0-25℃、50℃)下存放1个月的ABO、RhD血型快速检测卡,其血型鉴定结果未受显著影响;单抗溶解水使用河水对鉴定结果影响不显著,对1 min凝集强度影响显著,但仍符合标准。结论:所研制的ABO、RhD血型快速检测卡鉴定结果稳定,在不同温度保存,以及使用不同的水源对血型的鉴定结果无显著影响,适于野战条件下的血型鉴定,且操作简单、结果稳定可靠。  相似文献   

7.
我院于1999年10月研究了一种折叠式野战担架,其结构简单合理,体积小、重量轻、组装方便快捷,尤其适用于部队野战、紧急救护和伤病员搬运等,也可作为普通担架使用.   1 研制   该担架由担架主杠、横杠和布面(附图)组成.担架主杠由多节空心棒串连而成,每节空心棒的一端为束口,另一端为宽口,束口套入宽口中,主杠的空心内设置一弹性绳,其两端固定于主杠两端的空心棒中,用于拉紧主杠每节空心棒之间的连接,并可使空心棒快速回位.横杠套在主杠端部,并设有限位钮.内侧限位钮为横穿于管壁两端的销钉;外侧为弹性钮,可方便横杠的拆卸和安装.弹性绳固定在限位钮的销钉上.布面的两个侧边制成管状,主杠套入其中,并使布面可沿主杠滑动收起集于一端.   ……  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨单操作孔全胸腔镜手术治疗纵隔肿瘤的可行性及临床疗效。方法回顾我科21例纵隔肿瘤的临床资料,全部病例均在全胸腔镜下完成手术。结果全组患者单操作孔手术16例,三孔手术5例;平均手术时间95(30~160)min,术中出血平均110(20~450)ml;术后总引流量平均430(300~950)ml;术后住院时间平均6.3(4~8)d;全部患者术后恢复顺利,无严重并发症;随访1~22个月,未见复发。结论单操作孔全胸腔镜手术治疗纵隔肿瘤安全可行,疗效肯定,对于囊肿和直径小于4 cm的实性肿瘤,可以作为首选的手术方法。  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨野战胸腔闭式引流装置对创伤性血气胸的救治效果。方法采用本院自行研制的野战胸腔闭式引流装置,应用瓣膜单向阀取代水封瓶、C形胸腔穿刺针及硅胶引流管行胸腔闭式引流;确诊血气胸54例患者,随机分为治疗组28例和对照组26例,治疗组采用自制野战胸腔闭式引流术,对照组采用传统胸腔闭式引流术,比较两组置管时间,肺复张时间及住院时间,同时观察置管失误及其并发症。结果治疗组置管时间(6.1±1.5)min,较对照组(12.7±3.5)min显著缩短(P<0.01);治疗组肺复张时间及住院时间无显著性差异(P>0.05);对照组有5例发生胸腔引流术失误,而治疗组未发生。结论野战胸腔闭式引流装置对创伤性血气胸救治效果与传统胸腔闭式引流装置相同,该装置为一次性用品,使用方便,体积小,便于携带,操作简便、快捷,固定牢固,使用单向阀,防止气液的逆流,不必使用水封瓶,尤其便于院前急救及战伤急救时血气胸伤病员的运送。  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨单操作孔全胸腔镜下手术治疗自发性气胸的可行性并总结相关经验。方法回顾我科61例自发性气胸的临床资料,全部病例均在单操作孔全胸腔镜下完成手术。结果全组平均手术时间55(20~145)min,术中出血平均60(10—400)ml;术后总引流量平均280(50~1600)ml;术后胸腔引流管保留时间2.5(1~10)d;术后住院时间平均5.5(2~12)d;1例术后持续漏气,再次单操作孔腔镜下手术修补成功,其余患者恢复顺利,无严重并发症;随访1~20个月,复发1例,经胸腔闭式引流治愈。结论单操作孔胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸安全可行,疗效和三孔手术相似,且创伤进一步降低,应作为自发性气胸的主要治疗术式。  相似文献   

11.
Increasingly pre-hospital trauma management involves transfer of patients using a scoop stretcher; a number of computed tomography (CT) compatible scoops have recently appeared on the market. We sought to evaluate any differences in image quality in polytrauma patients scanned in a scoop stretcher. CT studies of 234 consecutive patients presenting between December 2011 and August 2012 at our regional level 1 tertiary trauma centre were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were allocated into two groups: those scanned with a scoop stretcher and without. CTs were reviewed by a consultant radiologist and two senior radiology trainees and graded separately for quality/artefact. A scale of 1–5 was employed: 1—uninterpretable, 2—borderline image quality, 3—acceptable, 4—good, 5—excellent. A total of 128 (54.7 %) patients were scanned in a scoop stretcher and 106 (45.3 %) were scanned without, 183 males and 51 females (average age, 46 (16–94)?years; SD, 20). The average quality grading for the patients scanned in the scoop was 4.64 compared to 4.68 in those without the scoop. There was no significant grading difference between the groups, consultant (p?=?0.096) and trainees (p?=?0.782). No artefacts were attributable to the scoop stretcher 0/128 (0 %). Following our experience, the use of scoop stretchers is recommended for efficient, safe and practical management of trauma patients and in terms of imaging, with no detrimental effect on image quality.  相似文献   

12.
The effect of rowing ergometer design upon power delivery and coordination patterns of the rowing stroke was analyzed for 14 elite rowers. Rowers were tested in three ergometer conditions: the fixed stretcher Concept2c ergometer, the Concept2c ergometer mounted on sliding rails, and the sliding stretcher RowPerfect ergometer. Ergometers were instrumented to measure the external force generated at the handle and the foot stretcher and a nine‐segment inverse dynamics model used to calculate joint and overall power delivery. Peak power generation and absorption at the knee joint was significantly greater, and total power delivered to the ergometer delayed on the fixed stretcher ergometer when compared to the sliding stretcher ergometers. No differences were found in the mechanical energy delivered to the handle of the three ergometers; however, greater joint mechanical energy production of the lower limb reduced mechanical efficiency when rowing the Concept2c fixed ergometer. The fixed foot stretcher on the Concept2c fixed ergometer acts to increase the inertial forces that the rower must overcome at the catch, increasing the moment and power output at the knee, and affecting the coordination pattern during the recovery phase.  相似文献   

13.
Broad usage of helicopters for an evacuation of wounded from the battle orders and forward aid station directly to Multiprophyle Military Hospitals of 1-st level during armed conflicts on Northern Caucasus has essentially changed the purposes and nature of a medical care to wounded in Separate Medical Battalions (SMB) of divisions. The primary goal of SMB became valuable preparedness of wounded to an evacuation from the battle orders of a division, that was reached by moving out of the surgeons and anesthesiologists to regimental aid station and medical companies. For adding up during armed conflicts on Northern Caucasus of medico tactical conditions it was justified: 73% wounded, admitted in SMB with damages of minimal and mean severity and not required emergency operations, after rendering them of initial physician care were evacuated by helicopters to Multiprophyle Military Hospitals of 1-st level. The analysis of experience of three SMB in Armed conflict 1999-2002 has shown, that the measures of initial surgical care should appear only for saving life of injured under the specially designed indications and with observance of a number of the relevant technical features, directional on acceleration and decreasing of surgical operations severity.  相似文献   

14.
目的探讨NF-κB在腹部火器伤肠管穿透后肺损伤中的变化及意义。方法健康长白仔猪42头随机等分为对照组和伤后1、2、4、8、12 h和24 h组,实验组建立腹部火器伤肠管穿透模型后,用免疫组化图像分析法测定各组肺组织NF-κB表达,在光镜下观察各组肺脏组织学变化,电镜下观察肺脏超微结构改变。结果 伤后各组肺组织NF-κB表达明显高于对照组,并于伤后1~8 h内快速上升,在8h出现高峰(P<0.05)。伤后各组逐渐出现肺泡腔变窄,肺泡壁增厚;肺充血,肺间质水肿。电镜下4、8、12、24 h组逐渐出现线粒体肿胀、溶解。结论腹部火器伤肠管穿透后肺组织NF-κB表达活性增强,与肺脏组织病理损伤基本一致,NF-κB在腹部火器伤肠管穿透后继发性肺损伤中具有重要意义。  相似文献   

15.
爆炸伤患者体内脂蛋白_(a)和心肌酶的变化及临床意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨比较爆炸伤与其他外伤患者体内脂蛋白(a)和心肌酶的血清学变化及临床意义。方法 分别采用免疫凝集比浊法和酶动力学法检测受伤患者血清中脂蛋白(a)和心肌酶谱。结果 爆炸伤组分别与机动车交通事故伤组、刀刺伤组、机器造成肢体损伤组和健康对照组比较,心肌酶谱各项指标差异均非常显著(P<0.001);脂蛋白(a)在各组之间比较差异均不显著(P>0.05)。对爆炸伤患者连续检测发现其体内脂蛋白(a)呈逐渐升高。结论 爆炸伤患者体内血清心肌酶水平显著高于其他外伤,体内脂蛋白(a)变化较明显,持续时间较长,在CK和CK-MB均恢复至正常水平时,脂蛋白(a)仍保持较高水平。  相似文献   

16.
目的 研制一种便携式可拆卸多功能担架,用于提高多样化军事行动后勤保障尤其是卫勤保障能力,提高部队战斗力。方法 用复性轴、连接带、手柄、长杆等构件组成一幅担架,以担架为基础,完成多种设备的组合,实现可拆卸、多功能便携等设计初衷。结果 便携式可拆卸多功能担架可自行拆卸、组装,且多套可联合组装使用,实现20余种保障功能。结论 该担架具有质轻、便携、可拆卸组装、多功能、工艺简单、成本低等显著特点,而且该装备环境、地域、任务需求适应性好,具有广泛装配的基础,可用于行驻军辅助、医疗救援、生活保障、作战指挥、野外生存等。  相似文献   

17.
目的 探讨战时伤员得到早期治疗措施的最佳实施时间段。方法 采用计算机模拟及统计学方法分析早期治疗时间与被击中者死亡率之问的量化关系。结果 早期治疗时问与死亡率之间存在明显正相关,不同时间段死亡率增长幅度不同。结论 伤后240min是重伤员早期治疗措施实施的最佳时间段,伤后480min是一般伤员早期治疗措施实施的最佳时间段。  相似文献   

18.
The principle difference of the work of multiprofile military hospitals (MMH) of the Ist level during the armed conflicts on the Northern Caucasus, particularly during the second, was rendering specialized surgical care to the primary contingent of the wounded, evacuated during the nearest hours after a wound. The incoming flow to MMH of the 1st level - in connection with the primary entering of the wounded practically from a battle field - was characterized by severity (one third of the wounded had severe and extremely severe wounds) and the significant number of the wounded with multiple and combined injuries (up to 60% of the wounded). Effective treatment of the above-mentioned wounded can only be carried by specially trained surgeons in appropriately-equipped multiprofile medical hospitals. The rendered volume of specialized surgical care in MMH of the 1st level included the following operations: neurosurgical (2,4%), thoracoabdominal (19,8%), traumatologic (17,0%), angiosurgical (8,2%), special (otorhinolaryngologic, maxillofacial, ophthalmologic, urologic) - 17,7%, general surgery (35,4%). During the armed conflict of 1999-2002 due to the introduction of the early specialized surgical care concept three MMH of the 1st level in the advanced way executed 86,4 % of all complex operations in medical units and hospitals of the combat zone.  相似文献   

19.
Bag valve mask failure during HEMS intubated stretcher winch   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
An intubated prehospital trauma patient was undergoing bag valve mask (BVM) ventilation during a stretcher winch in an AW 139 helicopter. On approach to approximately 50 feet under the rotor disc, the bag valve mask failed, with no adverse outcome. External pressure obstructing reinflation from rotor downwash was thought to be the cause. We tested two BVMs with differing compliances under similar conditions in a manikin model and found the original, more compliant BVM failed again. The stiffer, less compliant BVM did not fail. This has led to a change in the type of BVM used for helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) in our service.  相似文献   

20.
Prior to WWII, Germany had little experience in aeromedical evacuation (AE) of the sick and wounded. The need for a specialized AE organization was recognized, organized, and used extensively on all fronts during WWII. Nearly 2.5 million casualties were transported by regular troop carriers and 11 specialized AE Units, which concentrated on the intensive care air transport of the seriously wounded, especially those with injuries of the brain, eyes, or jaw, thoracic or abdominal wounds, or gun-shot fractures. The AE Units were commanded by medical officers, most of whom were pilot-physicians, who had command jurisdiction over flying and line personnel as well as medical service personnel. The AE Units were equipped with both Junkers Ju-52s, which could carry up to 12 litter patients plus 3 to 5 ambulatory patients each, and with Fieseler Fi -156s (STOL "Stork" for 1 or 2 litter patients), ambulances, as well as the personnel needed for operating and maintaining the vehicles and materiel. The AE Units of the Luftwaffe--the Sanitaetsflugbereitschaften--made an outstanding contribution to military medical care in achieving this significant number of casualties evacuated under the humanitarian symbol of the Red Cross.  相似文献   

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