膝下动脉经皮腔内血管成形术治疗糖尿病下肢缺血

目的探讨经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)治疗糖尿病下肢膝下血管病变的技术成功率、手术方式、围手术期并发症及其防治。方法回顾分析我院2006年1月至2007年5月行介入治疗的糖尿病下肢缺血病变患者27例,分析其术前术后临床症状改善情况,包括Rutherford-Becker分级以及踝肱指数。对不同病变类型及不同球囊的技术成功率进行比较,并分析术中术后并发症的发生情况,初步探讨防治方法。结果27例患者中24例术后临床症状有不同程度改善,3例手术失败。狭窄性病变和闭塞性病变的开通结果不同,χ2分析P<0.01;选用较短的冠脉球囊和长的膝下专用球囊对病变的开通情况经fisher精确概率法χ2检验P=0.024,两者比较差异有统计学意义。术中并发症主要有急性血栓形成、导丝穿破血管壁、斑块脱落及管壁夹层等,根据情况给予了相应处理。结论PTA是治疗糖尿病下肢缺血性病变的理想选择,术前对患者下肢动脉情况进行认真评估,制订合理的手术方案,对于手术的成功至关重要。     

缺血性糖尿病下肢病变的膝下动脉成形术

目的探讨膝下动脉的球囊成形术在治疗糖尿病缺血性下肢病变中的价值。方法对53例糖尿病合并缺血性下肢病变患者64侧缺血性下肢进行膝下动脉Deep球囊扩张成形术。对比患者手术前后临床症状的改变及足部溃疡的变化。结果53例患者共119支动脉分支接受PTA治疗,50例患者的101个分支成功地开通,技术成功率为84.9%,所有50例患者的临床症状均明显缓解,足部溃疡均变小,无需截肢。结论膝下动脉的球囊成形术是治疗缺血性糖尿病下肢病变安全有效的微创手段。     

经皮球囊血管成形术与肾动脉支架术治疗肾动脉狭窄的疗效对比观察

目的观察经皮球囊血管成形术和肾动脉支架植入术治疗肾动脉狭窄的疗效。资料和方法 112例肾动脉狭窄患者随机分为2组:A组,经皮球囊血管成形术组;B组,肾动脉支架术组。比较两组的首次手术成功率、术后6个月并发症发生率、通畅率及术后即刻再狭窄率,术后6个月血压及血肌酐变化情况。结果 B组成功率高于A组(94.64%对76.79%,P<0.01),通畅率B组高于A组(73.21%对30.36%,P<0.01),再狭窄率B组低于A组(10.71%对28.57%,P<0.01),两组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。B组高血压治愈率较A组高(P<0.01),肾动脉支架术对动脉粥样硬化所致高血压的改善情况最好,而经皮球囊血管成形术对肌纤维结构不良所致肾血管性高血压的改善情况最好。术后血肌酐B组降低不明显(P>0.05),A组显著降低(P<0.05)。A组术后TGFR、RGFR较术前显著改善(P<0.05),B组术后TGFR较术前显著改善(P<0.05);A组术后TGFR改善更明显,较B组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肾动脉支架术操作成功率高、通畅率高、再狭窄率低,对动脉粥样硬化引起的肾动脉狭窄所致高血压改善明显,较经皮球囊血管成形术有较大优势,可作为治疗肾动脉狭窄的一种重要的介入治疗方法。     

经皮冠状动脉腔内血管成形术

经皮冠状动脉腔内血管成形术(PTCA),即应用气囊导管扩张狭窄的冠状动脉,重建心肌血运来治疗冠心病的一种新技术。自从1977年Grüentzig首先临床应用以来,全世界已有数十万患者作了治疗。它具有不开胸创伤小、成功率高、并发症少、病死率低和治疗效果好     

逆行腔内血管成形术与常规顺行成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变临床研究

目的：探讨经足背－足底（TDP）或足底－足背（TPD）动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术与常规顺行血管成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年10月至2011年7月接受常规顺行血管成形术的96例膝下动脉闭塞性病变患者112条患肢,其中27条顺行手术失败患肢接受经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术。根据手术前踝－臂指数（ABI）、基于冠状动脉造影的心肌梗死溶栓（TIMI）后血流评分（TIMI评分）及足背或足底动脉搏动评分评价比较常规顺行血管成形术治疗成功组（常规组,71例患者85条患肢）和经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术治疗成功组（逆行组,20例患者22条患肢）术后肢体挽救率及靶血管通畅率。结果逆行组和常规组手术成功率分别为75．9%和74%（P＞0．05）,ABI分别由术前0．55±0．21和0．56±0．14升至术后0．93±0．19和0．89±0．18（P＞0．05）;逆行组和常规组TIMI评分分别由术前0．1±0．5和0．8±0．8升至术后2．5±0．6和1．8±0．8（P<0．0001）,逆行组患者远侧足部组织获得更好血流灌注。逆行组和常规组术后12、24个月靶血管一期通畅率分别为63．6%（14/22）、45．5%（10/22）和52．9%（45/85）、37．6%（32/85）（P＞0．05）。术后24个月Kaplan-Meier 生存分析曲线评价显示逆行组和常规组肢体挽救率分别为95．5%和96．5%（P＞0．05）。结论与常规顺行血管成形术相比,经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变可获得更好的即刻血流改善情况以及相似的ABI改善情况、一期通畅率及肢体挽救率,可作为顺行血管成形术失败后的有效替补治疗方法。     

逆行腔内血管成形术与常规顺行成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变临床研究

目的：探讨经足背-足底(TDP)或足底-足背(TPD)动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术与常规顺行血管成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年10月至2011年7月接受常规顺行血管成形术的96例膝下动脉闭塞性病变患者112条患肢,其中27条顺行手术失败患肢接受经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术。根据手术前踝-臂指数(ABI)、基于冠状动脉造影的心肌梗死溶栓(TIMI)后血流评分(TIMI评分)及足背或足底动脉搏动评分,评价比较顺行血管成形术治疗成功组(常规组,71例患者85条患肢)和经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术治疗成功组(逆行组,20例患者22条患肢)术后肢体挽救率及靶血管通畅率。结果逆行组和常规组手术成功率分别为75.9%和74%(P>0.05),ABI分别由术前0.55±0.21和0.56±0.14改善为术后0.93±0.19和0.89±0.18(P>0.05);逆行组和常规组TIMI评分分别由术前0.1±0.5和0.8±0.8改善为术后2.5±0.6和1.8±0.8(P<0.0001),逆行组患者远侧足部组织获得更好血流灌注。逆行组和常规组术后12、24个月靶血管一期通畅率分别为63.6%(14/22)、45.5%(10/22)和52.9%(45/85)、37.6%(32/85)(P>0.05)。术后24个月Kaplan-Meier 生存分析曲线评价显示逆行组和常规组肢体挽救率分别为95.5%和96.5%(P>0.05)。结论与常规顺行血管成形术相比,经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变可获得更好的即刻血流改善情况以及相似的ABI改善情况、一期通畅率及肢体挽救率,可作为顺行血管成形术失败后的有效替补治疗方法。     

动脉溶栓结合血管内支架成形术治疗急性颈内动脉系统脑梗死

目的　报道应用动脉溶栓结合血管内支架成形术治疗 1例急性颈内动脉系统脑梗死的方法和经验。方法　先进行动脉内溶栓治疗 ,然后对残余狭窄进行球囊支架成形术。结果　血管完全再通 ,脑血流量恢复 ,患者即刻症状改善。结论　动脉溶栓结合血管内支架成形术治疗急性颈内动脉系统脑梗死是安全可行的。     

经皮血管腔内成形术治疗髂股动脉硬化闭塞症

目的评价经皮腔内成形术及支架植入术治疗髂股动脉硬化闭塞症的临床疗效。方法自1999年4月-2004年8月,为13例髂股动脉硬化闭塞症患者联合应用导管接触性溶栓和导丝机械性开通的方法开通闭塞段,行腔内成形及支架植入术,共植入25枚Wallstent支架,采用多普勒超声或DSA随访。结果13例患者均一次性开通血管闭塞段并植入支架。经8个月～5年(平均26.2个月)随访,1例于术后23d支架内急性血栓闭塞,经导管接触性溶栓治疗再次成功开通;1例于术后19个月临床症状加重,造影证实支架处髂总和髂外动脉闭塞并同侧股浅动脉闭塞,于外科行血管旁路术,其余病例于随访期内血流通畅,临床疗效满意。结论接触性溶栓结合导丝机械性开通法开通闭塞血管成功率高,血管腔内成形术作为髂股动脉硬化闭塞症的有效治疗方法创伤小,再狭窄率低。     

经皮血管内支架成形术治疗症状性椎基底动脉狭窄

目的探讨经血管内支架成形术治疗症状性椎基底动脉狭窄的适应证、疗效及安全性。方法应用经皮血管内支架成形术对13例经内科药物治疗无效的症状性椎基底动脉狭窄进行治疗。结果13例患者术前狭窄为(76.15±15.11)%,术后狭窄为(3.69±3.04)%。围手术期无并发症,术后无缺血性脑卒中发作,随访8~12个月,10例症状完全消失,2例症状较术前明显好转,偶尔有头晕,1例症状改善(DSA显示多段狭窄,左侧大脑后动脉闭塞,小脑后下动脉显影差)。结论症状性椎基底动脉狭窄患者,内科治疗无效时,经皮血管内支架成形术是一种安全有效的微创治疗手段,可以缓解椎基底动脉狭窄患者的脑缺血症状,预防脑卒中的发生。     

经皮腔内血管成形术联合动脉内药物灌注治疗糖尿病性下肢重症缺血

目的：探讨经留置导管持续动脉内抗凝溶栓联合PTA治疗糖尿病下肢严重缺血的临床价值。方法：回顾性分析21例糖尿病性下肢重症缺血患者的临床资料。根据受累血管的数目及程度考虑PTA前是否接受溶栓治疗,再对溶栓组15肢和未溶栓组13肢的PTA结果进行统计学分析。随访6～36个月,并做好随访记录。结果：21例28侧肢体膝下动脉受累77支,狭窄性病变32支（41．6％）,完全闭塞性病变45支（58．4％）。溶栓组和未溶栓组,对于狭窄性病变的技术成功率分别为92．3％（12／13）、88．9％（16／18）;对于闭塞性病变的技术成功率分别为75.9％（22／29）、31．2％（5／16）,差异具有统计学意义。术中并发症5例,主要为小斑块脱落、血管痉挛及夹层等,未出现与手术相关的严重并发症。随访时间6。36个月。随访期间4例复发,复发率19．0％,3例接受二次介入治疗。结论：对于糖尿病性下肢严重缺血性病变,经留置导管动脉内长时间持续溶栓联合VIA对于闭塞性病变具有较高的成功率,近期疗效确切,具有很好的扩大应用潜力。     

Clinical outcome of angiosome-oriented infrapopliteal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for isolated infrapopliteal lesions in patients with critical limb ischemia

PURPOSE

We aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness and outcome of angiosome-oriented percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (IP-PTA) and its clinical outcome for isolated infrapopliteal lesions in diabetic critical limb ischemia.

METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed 70 patients (82 limbs) with diabetic critical limb ischemia who had localized disease at the level of the infrapopliteal artery. Patients underwent IP-PTA between January 2011 and December 2013 and were followed up for a mean of 13 months. The primary target arterial lesions were chosen according to the angiosome concept. We evaluated clinical findings, technical success, and patients’ clinical outcome. The angiographic outcome of IP-PTA was assessed using the angiosome score. We analyzed the relationship between the angiosome score and the amputation rate.

RESULTS

There were 69 anterior tibial artery (ATA) lesions, 70 posterior tibial artery (PTA) lesions, and 58 peroneal artery (PA) lesions. The primary target arteries were the ATA (n=43), PTA (n=26), PA (n=2), and ATA + PTA (n=11). We divided the treated limbs into target (n=63) and nontarget (n=19) groups. The overall initial technical success rate was 91.4%. Successful wound healing rates were 87.3% (55/63) and 47.3% (9/19) in the target and nontarget groups, respectively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Angiosome-oriented primary targeted IP-PTA shows a highly effective treatment outcome in diabetic critical limb ischemia. In cases with inadequate angioplastic results of the target artery, IP-PTA of the nontarget artery should be recommended to improve the limb salvage rates.Diabetic foot is defined as ulceration, infection, and/or destruction of the deep tissues of the foot in diabetic patients, associated with neurologic abnormalities and various degrees of peripheral vascular disease in the lower limb. The relationship between occurrence and healing of diabetic foot and peripheral vascular disease has been well investigated (1). The prevalence of diabetic foot has been reported to be between 2.8% and 10% of the diabetic population (1, 2). In Korea, 1.2% of diabetic patients have diabetic foot disease, and its prevalence has gradually increased to date (3). The risk of major amputation in patients with a diabetic foot ulcer is 8%–29%, and the mortality rate is 39%–80% in patients who have undergone major amputation (4).Critical limb ischemia is one of the most burdensome problems in the management of diabetic foot, and it is the leading cause of nontraumatic major amputations of the lower limbs. Infrapopliteal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (IP-PTA) is a safe and effective treatment alternative to bypass surgery for diabetic critical limb ischemia (5). The angiosome concept was introduced by Ian Taylor in 1987 (6), and it has been considered a useful method for selecting the target artery that directly perfuses the diabetic foot wound. Several recent studies have reported that groups with angiosome-oriented target artery recanalization had better wound healing and limb salvage rates compared to groups with IP-PTA without the application of the angiosome concept (7, 8).The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of angiosome-oriented IP-PTA and its clinical outcome for pure isolated infrapopliteal lesions in patients with diabetic critical limb ischemia and determine the significant angioplastic factors of IP-PTA that precede more successful treatment outcomes.     

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in diabetic patients: An effective treatment modality

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was performed for nonhealing ulcers, severe claudication, or rest pain in 10 patients with diabetes mellitus. Twenty-two atherosclerotic lesions were dilated in 15 extremities, including 16 iliofemoral arteries and 6 superficial femoral arteries. The procedure was technically successful in all patients and 8 of 9 (89%) with clinical follow-up showed improvement clinically after the procedure. Diabetes is not a contraindication to PTA; rather this modality can be used effectively to control and treat peripheral vascular insufficiency in diabetic patients.     

经皮腔内球囊扩张联合动脉内灌注药物治疗慢性下肢缺血

目的临床观察球囊扩张联合动脉内灌注药物治疗慢性下肢缺血的近期疗效。方法慢性下肢缺血患者21例,采用经股或腋动脉入路,先用球囊扩张闭塞段血管,然后经导管向动脉内灌注尿激酶、前列腺素E1、银杏叶注射液。胫腓动脉闭塞的部分患者保留血管鞘,经鞘灌注上述药物,每日1次,共5～7 d。术后观察患肢缺血症状、皮肤溃疡和趾端坏疽的改善情况。结果21例中20例成功实现经皮经腔球囊扩张和动脉内灌注药物治疗,技术成功率95.2%。无严重并发症。其中5例患者术后保留血管鞘,灌注药物5～7 d后复查造影,显示经球囊扩张后血管腔保持通畅。术后20例患者均出现诸如患肢皮温升高、间歇性跛行消失、静息痛减轻或消失等临床症状改善情况;随访2～7个月,4例皮肤溃疡愈合,2例坏死足趾脱落,创面愈合,已坏疽的足趾均变干燥,坏死范围停止扩大,未出现需截肢现象。结论经皮腔内球囊扩张联合动脉内灌注尿激酶、前列腺素E1、银杏叶注射液治疗慢性下肢缺血安全有效,能够改善肢体缺血症状,促进溃疡愈合,阻止病变发展;保留血管鞘连续灌注药物有助于保持扩张后的血管通畅。     

锁骨下动脉狭窄的经皮血管球囊成形术及内支架治疗

目的 评价并比较经皮血管球囊成形术及内支架治疗对动脉粥样硬化及大动脉炎所致锁骨下动脉狭窄梗阻性病变的治疗效果。方法 １３例锁骨下动脉狭窄梗阻性病变患者,病因为动脉粥样硬化７例,大动脉炎６例。其中锁骨下动脉狭窄８例,完全闭塞５例,均实施了介入治疗。６例单纯行经皮血管球囊成形术,６例置入血管内支架,１例介入治疗失败。结果 １２例行经皮血管内成形术（ＰＴＡ）或血管内支架置入治疗获成功,６例分别置入Ｓｔｒ     

SPECT心肌灌注显像在糖尿病无症状性心肌缺血中的临床价值

冠心病是糖尿病患者常见的并发症,其中,无症状性心肌缺血由于起病隐匿而不被重视,容易发生严重的心血管事件。SPECT心肌灌注显像作为常用的无创性检查方法,在心肌缺血的筛查中发挥着越来越重要的作用。该文对SPECT心肌灌注显像在糖尿病患者无症状性心肌缺血的筛查、诊断及预后判断中的应用进行了综述。     

使用长球囊行膝下血管成形术治疗糖尿病严重下肢缺血的回顾性分析

目的 回顾性分析使用长球囊经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)治疗糖尿病严重下肢缺血的安全性和疗效.方法 从2007年4月到2008年3月,34例患者(53条下肢,119处血管病变)接受了长球囊膝下血管PTA.回顾性分析血管造影图像,根据病变长度和程度进行分类和分级.平均随访期(7.4±2.6)个月,随访期内每3个月进行1次下...     

Initial clinical experience with the 4-F self-expanding XPERT stent system for infrapopliteal treatment of patients with severe claudication and critical limb ischemia

PURPOSE: To evaluate the primary success and short-term patency associated with a new 4-F sheath-compatible self-expanding nitinol stent after failed conventional angioplasty of distal popliteal and infrapopliteal lesions in severe lifestyle-limiting claudication (LLC) and chronic critical limb ischemia (CLI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between May 2003 and July 2005, 35 patients with Rutherford category 3-5 disease (16 patients with CLI, 19 patients with LLC) underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stent implantation. Indications for stent placement were residual stenosis, flow-limiting dissections, or elastic recoil after PTA. Before and after the intervention and during the 6-month follow-up, clinical investigation, color-flow and duplex Doppler ultrasonography, and digital subtraction angiography were performed. Technical success, primary patency at 6 months, clinical improvement as defined by Rutherford with clinical and hemodynamic measures, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 22 patients underwent distal popliteal artery stent placement and 13 underwent tibioperoneal artery stent placement. Stent implantation was successfully performed in all patients. After stent placement, the primary cumulative patency rate for the study group at 6 months was 82%. The mean resting ankle-brachial index at baseline was 0.50 +/- 0.16 and significantly increased to 0.90 +/- 0.17 at 12-24 hours after intervention and 0.82 +/- 0.24 at latest follow-up (P < .001 for both). The sustained clinical improvement rate was 80% at the 6-month follow-up. The 6-month limb salvage rate regarding major amputation was 100%. The rate of major complications was 17%. CONCLUSIONS: Infrapopliteal application of the new nitinol stent is a safe, feasible, and effective method with good short-term patency rate in the treatment of severe LLC and chronic CLI.     

内膜下成形技术治疗慢性下肢重度缺血糖尿病患者踝下动脉闭塞性病变的临床研究

目的 评价内膜下成形技术治疗糖尿病患者踝下动脉闭塞性病变的可行性和安全性.方法 内膜下成形术用于治疗37例伴有严重下肢缺血症状,足背动脉和(或)足底动脉闭塞性病变的糖尿病患者.所有患者均不适合血管腔内成形术或外科血管旁路移植术治疗.57条患肢中,31条(54.4%)有组织缺损,51条(89.5%)肢体表现为静息痛.患者...