部分性脾栓塞术治疗脾亢的疗效评价

目的:探讨部分性脾动脉栓塞术(PSE)在治疗脾功能亢进中的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析了02.12到05.4间采用部分性脾栓塞治疗的19例肝炎后肝硬化所致的脾功能亢进患者的临床材料,方法均采用明胶海绵颗粒加用庆大霉素选择性或超选择性脾动脉栓塞。结果:部分性脾动脉栓塞术后,患者血小板和白细胞在近期有明显升高,其中血小板较为持久和显著。结论:部分性脾动脉栓塞术治疗脾亢疗效肯定,并发症少,值得推广。     

部分性脾栓塞术治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进的远期疗效观察

目的　目的评价部分性脾栓塞术 (Partialsplenicembolization ,PSE)治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进的远期疗效。方法　对 1998年 5月以前采用PSE治疗的 6 2例肝硬化脾功能亢进患者进行长期随访 ,随访指标主要为外周血白细胞、血小板和红细胞计数。选取术后 1～ 5年资料完整的 38例进行分析 ,其中栓塞程度≥ 6 0 %者 2 3例 ,5 0 %～ 5 9%者 9例 ,<5 0 %者 6例。结果　白细胞和血小板计数分别于术后第 3天和 2周达到峰值 ,然后二者逐渐下降 ,但对不同的栓塞程度其下降趋势差异具有显著性意义 (P =0 .0 0 1)。栓塞程度≥ 6 0 %者 ,术后白细胞和血小板计数均较术前显著升高并一直维持到术后第 5年 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,且第 5年时白细胞计数仍为正常 ,第 4年时血小板计数仍达正常。栓塞程度5 0 %～ 5 9%者 ,术后白细胞和血小板计数也较术前明显升高并可达到术后第 5年和第 4年 (P <0 .0 5 )水平 ,但它们分别在术后第 2年和第 1年就降至正常范围以下。而对于栓塞程度 <5 0 %者 ,术后 1个月白细胞和血小板计数都降至正常范围以下。红细胞计数在术后一直无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。随着栓塞程度的增加 ,术后反应加重 ,并发症也随之增加。结论　栓塞程度控制在 6 0 %～ 70 %可有效治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进 ,分次栓塞可减轻术后反应     

三丙烯微球在部分性脾栓塞治疗继发性脾功能亢进中的临床应用

目的 评价三丙烯微球在部分性脾动脉栓塞(PSE)治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进(脾亢)中的临床疗效.方法 30例肝硬化合并脾肿大、脾亢患者行PSE,16例使用明胶海绵,14例使用三丙烯微球.栓塞面积一般在40% ～ 80%.术后随访观察患者外周血白细胞、血小板计数变化及不良反应.结果 6个月后28例患者血白细胞、血小板恢复正常,...     

PVA颗粒作为栓塞材料在部分性脾栓塞术中的应用评价

目的　评价PVA颗粒作为栓塞材料在部分性脾栓塞术 (PSE)治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进 (脾亢 )中的疗效及并发症。方法　 5 0例肝硬化脾亢行PSE患者 ,依据PSE术所采用的栓塞材料不同分为2组 :A组 2 6例 ,栓塞材料为明胶海绵颗粒 ;B组 2 4例 ,栓塞材料为 30 0～ 70 0 μm的PVA颗粒。随访观察两组外周血白细胞、血小板和红细胞计数变化及术后反应。选取术后 1年资料完整的 4 1例进行分析 ,其中A组 2 2例 ,B组 19例。结果　两组术后 1年内白细胞和血小板计数均较术前明显升高 (P <0 .0 0 1)。虽然B组术后白细胞和血小板计数较A组升高较多 ,但两组的疗效差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。两组术后红细胞计数一直无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。B组疼痛的程度重、持续时间长 ,而A组发热的发生率高。较严重并发症的发生率两组无明显差异。结论　PVA颗粒可作为PSE术的栓塞材料 ,栓塞程度控制在 5 0 %～ 70 %可有效治疗脾亢、减轻术后反应。     

肝硬化脾功能亢进部分脾动脉栓塞术后严重并发症相关因素分析

目的 探讨肝硬化脾功能亢进(脾亢)患者经部分脾动脉栓塞术(PSE)后发生严重并发症的相关因素.方法 收集2010年6月至2015年6月昆明医科大学第一附属医院采用PSE术治疗的242例肝硬化脾亢患者完整临床资料.采用Logistic回归模型、受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析PSE术后严重并发症发生相关因素.结果 PSE术后242例肝硬化脾亢患者中19例(7.9％)出现严重并发症.单因素分析显示,术前血小板水平(P=0.025)、腹水(P=0.044)、Child-Pugh评分(P=0.008)、术前脾体积(P=0.013)、栓塞体积(P=0.006)、脾栓塞率(P=0.025)与PSE术后是否发生严重并发症相关;多因素分析显示,栓塞体积(P=0.012)和Child-Pugh评分(P=0.016)是PSE术后发生严重并发症的独立危险因素.ROC曲线分析显示,这两个因素的截断值为551.4 cm3和10.5分.结论 脾栓塞体积过大和术前高Child-Pugh评分可能引起肝硬化脾亢患者PSE术后严重并发症.     

部分脾栓塞术治疗脾功能亢进36例临床分析

目的 讨论部分脾栓塞术（partial splenic embolization,PSE）治疗脾功能亢进的栓塞程度与临床疗效及并发症的关系.方法 对36例脾功能亢进患者行PSE治疗,观察术后并发症及术后3天、7天、1个月、3个月外周血白细胞、红细胞、血小板变化与栓塞程度的关系.结果 成功实施手术的36例患者术后均有不同程度的并发症,术后外周血WBC,RBC,PLT均有不同程度的升高,术前与术后1个月数值比较均有统计学意义（WBCt =2.751,P＜0.05,RBCt=1.960,P＜0.05,PLTt =3.435,P＜0.05）.并发症的程度、血细胞的改善程度与栓塞程度呈正相关.结论 PSE是治疗脾功能亢进安全、有效的方法,栓塞程度与临床疗效及并发症均呈正相关.     

脾动脉栓塞与脾切除的对比分析

目的探讨脾动脉栓塞和脾切除治疗脾功能亢进的疗效及并发症,为临床治疗脾功能亢进方式提供选择依据。方法回顾分析我院近年部分性脾动脉栓塞46例和脾切除33例,比较两种方法治疗后血象改善及并发症发生情况。结果两种方法均能有效改善肝硬化继发脾肿大脾功能亢进患者血小板和白细胞计数(P<0.001),但两组患者中脾切除组术后血小板计数改善明显优于脾动脉栓塞组,而白细胞计数的改善两组无明显差异。脾动脉栓塞组术后并发症发生率明显高于脾切除组(P<0.001)。结论对于腹水较多、门脉高压明显、脾脏巨大的患者不宜行脾动脉栓塞治疗,行脾切除术较好;对于肝脏功能较差、凝血功能严重障碍、高龄和伴肝癌的脾功能亢进患者宜行脾动脉栓塞治疗。     

部分脾动脉栓塞在肝硬化脾功能亢进治疗中的临床运用简

目的：探讨部分脾动脉栓塞在肝硬化脾功能亢进治疗中的疗效及临床意义。方法选择47例肝硬化脾功能亢进患者,采用Seldinger技术用PVA微粒行脾动脉部分栓塞术,并观察术前、术后血象变化。结果47例患者术后1个月、3个月复查,随访3年：外周血白细胞、血小板较术前明显升高;红细胞较前大致相仿。结论部分脾动脉栓塞术治疗脾功能亢进疗效好,并发症少,值得临床运用。     

原发性肝癌伴脾亢的介入治疗(附31例报告)

目的　探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞联合部分性脾动脉栓塞 (PSE)治疗原发性肝癌合并脾功能亢进的意义及方法。方法　原发性肝癌合并脾亢 3 1例 ,采用经皮穿刺肝动脉化疗栓塞术 (TACE)和PSE治疗 ,治疗前后测定血细胞数量 ,CT观察肝脏肿瘤及脾脏大小改变。结果　PSE术后 2 4h、1周、4周血白细胞和血小板均较栓塞前明显升高 (Ρ <0 .0 1)。 2 8例脾栓塞面积在 40 %～70 % ,2例 80 % ,1例 <40 %。术后 1月CT复查肝脏肿瘤缩小 2 2例 ,占 70 .97% (2 2 / 3 1)。脾脏有所缩小 ,内可见均一低密度梗死区。结论　肝动脉化疗栓塞及部分性脾动脉栓塞是治疗肝癌合并肝硬化脾功能亢进安全、有效的方法     

肝硬化门脉高压脾功能亢进的部分栓塞治疗

目的：对36例肝硬化门脉高压脾机能亢进（简称脾亢）患者采用部分性脾栓塞术（Partialsplenicembolization，PSE）的治疗效果进行分析，找出确定其疗效的观测指标、栓塞范围和PSE的临床应用价值。材料和方法：术前患者周围血细胞计数三系均低，以白细胞、血小板降低为显著。选择性插入脾动脉靶血管后先造影然后用抗生素液浸泡的明胶海绵颗粒进行栓塞。结果：脾动脉插管技术成功率100％。30例外周血白细胞和血小板计数恢复到正常水平，5例部分缓解，1例无明显变化。术后凝血酶原时间（PT）缩短，凝血酶原活动度（PTA）增加，免疫球蛋白含量增加，食道静脉曲张程度有所下降。所有患者术后均出现栓塞后综合征，主要表现为发热和左上腹疼痛。无严重并发症发生。结论：PSE对脾亢患者是一种安全有效的治疗方法。既可减轻脾亢又保留了脾脏的免疫功能。在一定程度上可减轻门脉高压的症状。PSE栓塞范围在30％～80％之间为宜。白血球和血小板尤其是后者数量和功能改变为PSE后疗效可靠的观测指标。     

成批煤气爆燃烧伤的救治体会

报道治疗因煤气泄漏爆炸烧伤病员7例，经应用MEBT技术积极救治，其中6例于伤后17天痊愈出院，另一例特重伤员也于伤后30天康复出院。作者认为：应严格按照MEBT／MEBO要求进行规范治疗，正确处理生命体征、休克、感染、脏器功能和创面的辨证关系。同时，不能忽视外科营养在过程中的重要作用，它是创面修复的物质保证。     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

Sex differences in neuromuscular fatigability in response to load carriage in the field in British Army recruits

Objectives

Women are resistant to neuromuscular fatigue compared to men in response to a range of exercise tasks. The sex differences in the neuromuscular responses to load carriage have yet to be investigated.

新疆石河子地区奶牛隐性乳房炎的调查与分析

采用LMT法对新疆石河子地区三个规模化奶牛场泌乳牛群进行了隐性乳房炎检测,共检测994头泌乳牛3976个乳区.结果表明:奶牛隐性乳房炎阳性率为81.9%,乳区阳性率为49.1%.数据分析表明,不同年龄、胎次以及有无卧床奶牛的隐性乳房炎阳性率差异显著(P<0.05),后乳区的隐性乳房炎感染率显著高于前乳区感染率(P<0.05),隐性乳房炎乳区发生数也明显影响当日产奶量(P<0.05).     

Decrease in eccentric hamstring strength in runners in the Tirol Speed Marathon

Background

The local muscular endurance of knee flexors, during eccentric work in particular, is important in preventing or delaying kinematic changes associated with fatigue during treadmill running. This result, however, may not be transferable to overground running.

Objective

To test the hypothesis that overground running is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue.

Methods

Thirteen runners (12 male and one female) performed an isokinetic muscle test three to four days before and 18 hours after a marathon. Both legs were tested. The testing protocol consisted of concentric and eccentric quadriceps and hamstring contractions.

Results

There were no significant differences between peak torque before and after the race, except that eccentric peak hamstring torque (both thighs) was reduced.

Conclusion

Overground running (running a marathon) is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue. Eccentric hamstring fatigue may be a potential risk factor for knee and soft tissue injuries during running. Eccentric hamstring training should therefore be introduced as an integral part of the training programme of runners.     

Oxalosis in primary hyperoxaluria in infancy

Primary hyperoxaluria (PH1) is a rare inborn autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to the deficiency of hepatic alanine-glyoxylate-aminotransferase. This deficiency results in excessive synthesis and urinary excretion of oxalate, inducing renal stone formation and deposition of calcium oxalate in the kidney, bone, myocardium, and vessels (systemic oxalosis, SO) in the most severely affected individuals. We report renal and skeletal changes in a 3-month-old girl with PH1 and SO. Intense cortico-medullary hyperechogenicity and increased homogeneous radiopacity of normal-sized kidneys suggested the diagnosis of SO. Skeletal survey showed osteopenia and characteristic symmetrical metaphyseal transverse bands in long bones, progressively becoming more dense and migrating towards the diaphysis. Multiple pathological and slowly healing fractures of the limbs occurred at the dense band level. A radiopaque rim was then observed in flat bones, epiphyseal nuclei, and vertebral bodies. Inflammatory granulomatous reaction, induced by the presence of oxalate crystals in the marrow spaces, coexisted with progressively evident radiological signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism, with partially overlapping features. The patient was treated by peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis until combined liver–kidney transplantation. There are no previous reports of infants treated with hemodialysis for more than 2 years.     

Interventional radiology in oncology in private practice

Interventional oncology in private practice requires expert training and can be performed in a stand-alone facility for type 1 procedures in a hospital setting for type 2 and 3 procedures where subspecialized radiologists, state-of-the-art equipment, and postprocedure hospital monitoring are available. A multidisciplinary effort with oncologists, internal medicine physicians and anesthesiologists is necessary. The practice of interventional oncology requires around the clock availability, meticulous and established protocols and procedures and a financial investment. On the other hand, it is professionally gratifying because of constant technical advances and the impact on patients.     

胎龄和日龄对新生儿局部脑血流的影响

目的探讨胎龄及日龄对新生儿局部脑血流(rCBF)变化的影响及规律.方法对早产儿组、足月早期新生儿组、足月晚期新生儿组进行99Tcm-双半胱乙酯(ECD)SPECT脑血流灌注断层显像,并作半定量分析和读片分析.结果早产儿组原始感觉运动区和枕叶rCBF低于足月早期新生儿组(P<0.05),显著低于足月晚期新生儿组(P<0.01),其额叶中份、顶叶rCBF也低于足月晚期新生儿组(P<0.05),其余各叶皮质rCBF随胎龄和日龄的增大有增加趋势.早产儿组脑血流显像图与足月早期新生儿组和晚期新生儿组比较有明显差异.结论早产儿与足月儿rCBF的变化可能与新生儿大脑皮质相应区域发育成熟度和时间顺序有关.     

Radiological strategy in acute stroke in children

The aim of the study was to estimate the preponderance of patterns of pediatric stroke, ischemic or hemorrhagic, their etiologies and the correct diagnostic protocol for acute management.Forty-one consecutive pediatric patients (age range 5-16 years) with an acute stroke observed in acute phase during a 10-year period, were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty-three patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 3 cases were studied by computed tomography (CT) without MRI, and 15 underwent both CT and MRI studies. In 9 cases, intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) was performed after non-invasive preliminary assessment.Seventeen hemorrhagic (41%) and 24 ischemic (59%) strokes were found. Among hemorrhagic forms, 5 cases were due to arteriovenous malformation (AVM), 7 to cavernoma, and 2 to aneurysm. Among ischemic forms, 2 were due to sickle-cell disease, 1 to hyperomocysteinemia, 1 to moyamoya syndrome, 1 to pseudoxantoma elasticum, 3 to prothrombotic state, 1 to Fabry's disease, 1 concomitant with CO intoxication, 5 to venous sinus thrombosis, and 4 to cardio-embolic state. Etiology remains unknown in 8 cases (20.5%).This study shows a moderate prevalence of ischemic over hemorrhagic strokes. Moreover, personal experience suggests that MRI is always more informative than CT and in selected cases should be the first-choice examination in the acute phase.