腺苷与运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断不典型胸痛心肌缺血的临床价值

目的评价腺苷和运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断不典型胸痛患者心肌缺血的价值。方法不典型胸痛患者67例行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像，81例行运动负荷心肌灌注显像，结果分别与冠状动脉（简称冠脉）造影比较，得到显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度、特异性和准确性。结果腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像组67例中，23例冠脉造影有狭窄病变，腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像检出可逆性灌注异常即诊断心肌缺血16例，44例冠脉造影阴性者中，腺苷心肌灌注显像正常41例。腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度为70％，特异性93％，准确性85％。运动负荷心肌灌注显像组81例中，31例冠脉造影阳性，运动负荷心肌灌注显像检出心肌缺血22例，50例冠脉造影阴性者中，运动负荷心肌灌注显像正常48例。运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度为71％，特异性96％，准确性86％。结论腺苷或运动负荷心肌灌注显像出现可逆性灌注异常对诊断不典型胸痛患者冠心病心肌缺血有重要意义。     

运动负荷核素心肌灌注显像诊断不典型胸痛心肌缺血的临床价值

运动负荷核素心肌灌注显像对冠心病心肌缺血的诊断准确性高。为明确冠心病心肌缺血诊断，2006年1月～2006年12月对81例有不典型胸痛的患者分别行运动负荷核素心肌灌注显像和冠状动脉（简称冠脉）造影检查，以评价运动负荷核素心肌灌注显像诊断不典型胸痛患者心肌缺血的临床价值。     

^99mTc—MIBI心肌SPECT显像在X综合征诊断中的意义

为估价心肌显像在Ｘ综合征诊断中的意义。用＾９９ｍＴｃ甲氧基异丁基异腈对２１便有典型心绞痛、冠状动脉造影正常、运动试验心电图阳性而诊断为Ｘ综合征的患者进行了心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ显像，并与１７例临床有胸痛、冠状动脉造影正常、运动试验心电图阴性的非Ｘ综合征患者和２６例冠状动脉造影证实为冠心病心绞痛患者的心肌显像进行对比。结果：２１例Ｘ综合征患者经心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ检查１１例心肌缺血，其心肌缺血半定量计分为１．１±     

腺苷和运动试验201T1心肌灌注显像诊断女性冠心病价值比较

目的对比腺苷试验和运动试验201T1心肌灌注显像诊断女性冠心病的价值。方法采用随机对照研究,观察138例女性冠心病疑似病例,按随机数字表法将其分为腺苷试验组和运动试验组,每组69例,分别进行201T1心肌灌注显像,并在1周内行冠状动脉造影检查。负荷心肌灌注显像按心肌缺血严重程度与缺血范围分析,冠状动脉造影按主要血管狭窄程度（〉50％为冠心病）分析。以冠状动脉造影结果为“金标准”,比较腺苷和运动试验对女性冠心病的诊断灵敏度、准确性、阴性预测值和假阳性率。2组间比较采用x2检验或确切概率法。结果腺苷试验方法对女性冠心病诊断的灵敏度、阴性预测值、准确性分别为88．2％（45／51）、72．7％（16／22）和88．4％（61／69）;运动试验组分别为91．7％（44／48）、66．7％（8／12）和81．2％（52／64）,二者间差异无统计学意义（x2=0．571,n714,0．249,P〉0．05）。腺苷试验组假阳性率低于运动试验组[11．1％（2／18）与50．0％（8／16）,P=0．023]。结论对于女性冠心病患者,腺苷试验心肌灌注显像与运动试验心肌灌注显像同样有效,且腺苷试验的诊断假阳性率低。     

多巴酚丁胺负荷核素心肌显像在冠心病诊断中的应用

目的 药物负荷核素心肌显像在冠心病诊断中的价值。方法 选取本院胸痛可疑冠心病，且能耐受平板运动试验的住院患者55例，进行多巴酚丁胺(DBA)负荷99m^Tc-MIBI门控心肌灌注断层显像(SPECT)，平板运动试验检查，部分行冠脉造影检查。结果DBA-SPECT结果40％(22／55)的患者DBA负荷SPECT结果呈可逆性放射性稀疏(即心肌缺血改变)。20例有冠脉造影对照的患者中，DBA负荷SPECT诊断冠心病的灵敏度87．5％(7／8)，特异性75％(9／12)，准确率80％(16／20)。结论DBA负荷SPECT是诊断冠心病的一种敏感性及特异性较高的非创伤性方法。     

负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病的诊断价值

目的探讨负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病的诊断价值。方法205例疑诊冠心病的老年患者[≥60（67±5）岁],行^99Tc^m-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）负荷-静息心肌灌注显像（运动负荷185例,药物负荷20例）和冠状动脉造影检查,排除曾行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）及冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）者。以冠状动脉造影为“金标准”,评价负荷-静息心肌灌注显像诊断老年冠心病的灵敏度、特异性和准确性。采用SPSS 15．0软件对数据行χ^2检验。结果以冠状动脉管腔狭窄〉50％作为诊断标准,205例患者中冠状动脉造影阳性57例（28％）,其中单支病变30例,双支病变19例,三支病变8例。冠状动脉造影结果阳性的患者中核素负荷-静息心肌灌注显像异常者36例;冠状动脉造影阴性148例（72％）患者中,负荷-静息心肌灌注显像正常者135例。对照冠状动脉造影结果,负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病总的诊断灵敏度63％（36／57）,特异性91％（135／148）,准确性83％（171／205）;对单支、双支以及三支病变的诊断灵敏度分别为57％（17／30）、58％（11／19）和8／8。行运动负荷显像患者185例,按照运动试验是否达到目标心率分为2组：组1运动试验高峰心率达到目标心率,共53例（29％）;组2运动试验高峰心率未达到目标心率,共132例（71％）。2组心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度分别为81％（13／16）和58％（22／38）。组1诊断灵敏度高于组2,但经χ^2检验,两者之间差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2．69,P=0．1）。结论负荷-静息心肌灌注显像是诊断老年人冠心病的可靠方法;当运动负荷达到目标心率时,核素心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度较高。     

运动试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病伴心房颤动的价值

目的评价运动试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病伴心房颤动（房颤）的能力。方法回顾性分析58例接受运动试验^99Tc^m-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）心肌灌注显像，且运动试验心电图示房颤心律的患者检查结果，并与冠状动脉造影结果比较。结果58例患者中，瓣膜性心脏病20例，非瓣膜性心脏病38例。运动试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病伴房颤患者的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为60％（9／15）、88％（38／43）和81％（47／58）。在非瓣膜性心脏病患者中，运动试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度和特异性分别为60％（9／15）和96％（22／23）；在瓣膜性心脏病患者中，运动试验心肌灌注显像的诊断准确性为80％（16／20）。结论运动试验心肌灌注显像诊断非瓣膜病房颤患者冠心病有中等程度的灵敏度和较高的特异性；诊断瓣膜病房颤患者冠心病有较高的准确性，但存在一定的假阳性。     

冠状动脉痉挛患者心电图及^201T1心肌灌注显像负荷试验的特征

目的探讨冠状动脉痉挛患者心电图运动试验和^201T1心肌灌注显像双嘧达莫(潘生丁)试验的特征及非创伤性检测冠状动脉痉挛的理想方法。方法以临床上52例具有胸痛、冠状动脉造影无显著狭窄而接受乙酰胆碱试验的患者为研究对象，进行心电图活动平板运动试验和^201T1心肌灌注显像双嘧达莫试验，探讨其试验结果与冠状动脉痉挛的关系。结果52例受检者中阳性即冠状动脉痉挛患者42例，多以静息性胸闷为主，不同于冠状动脉狭窄所引起的劳累性胸痛；10例阴性患者多以与活动和休息无关的刺痛为主。心电图运动试验阳性3例。52例患者中48例^201T1心肌灌注显像呈反向再分布。单纯反向再分布预测冠状动脉痉挛的灵敏度和特异性分别为100％和40％；而以同时具备静息性胸闷、运动试验阴性和反向再分布3个特征预测冠状动脉痉挛的灵敏度和特异性分别为98％和90％.结论反向再分布可能是冠状动脉痉挛的特征之一；同时具备静息性胸闷、运动试验阴性和反向再分布是预测冠状动脉痉挛较理想的非刨伤性方法?     

门控心肌灌注显像评价肥厚型心肌病心肌缺血的临床价值

目的探讨门控心肌灌注显像评价肥厚型心肌病患者心肌缺血情况的临床应用价值。方法选取核素心肌灌注显像均为阳性的69例临床确诊的肥厚型心肌病住院患者,分为冠状动脉造影阳性（管腔狭窄／〉50％）和阴性（管腔狭窄〈50％）2组,对比其心肌缺血的门控心肌灌注显像特点,并进行两样本t检验。结果冠状动脉造影阳性组19例,其中9例表现为可逆性心肌缺血,10例表现为不可逆性心肌缺血;8例射血分数（EF）升高,为（69．1±2．8）％,11例下降,为（42．8±2．1）％。冠状动脉造影阴性组50例,其中37例表现为可逆性心肌缺血,13例表现为不可逆性心肌缺血;38例EF值升高,为（70．8±4．0）％,12例下降,为（48．9±2．7）％。2组缺血范围[（29．7±17．8）％与（24．1±16．0）％]、缺血严重程度和EF值组间差异均有统计学意义（t=9．28,16．51和2．65,P〈0．001,〈0．001和〈0．01）。结论门控心肌灌注显像发现肥厚型心肌病合并冠心病患者心肌缺血情况要严重于无合并冠心病患者;冠心病对于改变肥厚型心肌病的病理生理过程、自然病程和预后可能起重要作用。     

^99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像假阴性与假阳性的临床分析

目的探讨^99mTc-MIBI（甲氧基异睛）心肌灌注断层显像与冠状动脉造影不一致的临床意义。方法136例临床诊断为冠心病患者,于冠状动脉造影术（CAG）前2周内行^99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像（运动或药物负荷及静息显像）。以CAG为金标准,分析^99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像假阳性与假阴性的临床意义。结果两者不相符合13例,^99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像阳性而冠状动脉正常者10例,^99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像阴性而冠状动脉造影阳性者3例。结论^99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像阴性而冠状动脉造影阳性提示冠脉临界病变,^99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像阳性而冠状动脉造影阴性提示冠脉微循环灌注不足。     

心肌灌注显像对症状性冠状动脉心肌桥患者的临床应用价值

目的 探讨心肌灌注显像对症状性冠状动脉(以下简称冠脉)心肌桥患者的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析19例因胸痛、胸闷等症状行冠脉造影排除阻塞性冠脉狭窄,诊断为心肌桥并接受运动-静息99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)心肌灌注显像的患者资料,分析心肌灌注显像结果,并与运动心电图、冠脉造影结果比较.应用Stata 7.0软件,对符合正态分布的计量资料行t检验比较,用χ2检验分析组间频数差别.结果 19例症状性心肌桥患者冠脉造影示收缩期冠脉狭窄程度为(65.4±22.1)%,18例为左前降支肌桥、1例为左前降支合并左回旋支肌桥.运动-静息心肌灌注显像示心肌缺血10例、正常9例,其中心肌缺血位于前壁和(或)心尖部8例、下壁1例、后侧壁和后间壁1例;心肌灌注显像诊断心肌缺血的阳性率为52.6%(10/19),明显高于运动心电图的21.1%(4/19)=4.07,P<0.05.19例心肌桥患者按Nobel分级法,Ⅰ级狭窄5例、Ⅲ级狭窄6例、Ⅲ级狭窄8例;Ⅰ级狭窄患者中1例心肌灌注显像心肌缺血阳性,Ⅱ级狭窄患者中2例阳性,Ⅲ级狭窄患者中7例阳性.心肌桥患者心肌灌注显像心肌缺血组收缩期冠脉狭窄明显高于心肌灌注显像正常组[(78.0±4.7)%与(52.8±6.7)%,t=3.06,P<0.01],2组肌桥长度差异无统计学意义[(15.1±2.1)mm与(11.8±1.0)mm,t=1.43,P>0.05].结论 运动-静息心肌灌注显像能有效评价症状性心肌桥患者所致心肌缺血,明确心肌桥与临床症状的关系及其临床意义.     

冠状动脉痉挛患者心电图及201Tl心肌灌注显像负荷试验的特征

目的探讨冠状动脉痉挛患者心电图运动试验和201Tl心肌灌注显像双嘧达莫(潘生丁)试验的特征及非创伤性检测冠状动脉痉挛的理想方法.方法以临床上52例具有胸痛、冠状动脉造影无显著狭窄而接受乙酰胆碱试验的患者为研究对象,进行心电图活动平板运动试验和201Tl心肌灌注显像双嘧达莫试验,探讨其试验结果与冠状动脉痉挛的关系.结果52例受检者中阳性即冠状动脉痉挛患者42例,多以静息性胸闷为主,不同于冠状动脉狭窄所引起的劳累性胸痛;10例阴性患者多以与活动和休息无关的刺痛为主.心电图运动试验阳性3例.52例患者中48例201Tl心肌灌注显像呈反向再分布.单纯反向再分布预测冠状动脉痉挛的灵敏度和特异性分别为100%和40%;而以同时具备静息性胸闷、运动试验阴性和反向再分布3个特征预测冠状动脉痉挛的灵敏度和特异性分别为98%和90%.结论反向再分布可能是冠状动脉痉挛的特征之一;同时具备静息性胸闷、运动试验阴性和反向再分布是预测冠状动脉痉挛较理想的非创伤性方法.     

99mTc-MIBI (RP-30) to define the extent of myocardial ischemia and evaluate ventricular function

99mTc-MIBI, a new myocardial perfusion agent, is a technetium labeled isonitrile derivative. We have taken advantage of the physical characteristics of 99mTc to combine at rest, post infarction, ventricular function studies with analysis of perfusion. We have studied at rest and at stress, 22 patients with coronary artery disease selected on the basis of an abnormal coronary angiogram or on the basis of a positive exercise ECG stress test for symptomatic angina. We have also studied, at rest only, 20 patients with a previous myocardial infarction. A comparative thallium planar scintigraphy was obtained for all patients. The sensitivity of 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy for detecting individual vessel lesions at stress was 88% as compared with 83% for 201Tl. Sensitivity was higher in patients with previous myocardial infarction (93% for the 2 isotopes) than in patients without (85% for 99mTc-MIBI versus 81% for 201Tl). Segmental myocardial correspondence between 99mTc-MIBI and 201Tl was very close (92%). The overall sensitivity for the detection of acute myocardial infarction reached respectively 91% for 99mTc MIBI and 87% for 201Tl. The specificity in the regions corresponding to arteries not involved was excellent for both tracers as we did not observe any false positive result. This is important information but it does not correspond to the specificity to detect coronary artery disease in the overall patient population. The correlation between first pass left ventricular ejection fraction obtained with 99mTc-MIBI and equilibrium left ventricular ejection fraction obtained with 99mTc red cells was excellent (r = 0.96). It was not as good but was still satisfactory for the right ventricle (r = 0.75).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

腺苷试验与运动试验201Tl心肌灌注显像对冠心病诊断价值的比较

目的比较腺苷试验与运动试验^201Tl心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断价值。方法将41例临床疑诊冠心病患者随机分为两组,一组进行腺苷试验^201Tl心肌灌注显像,一组进行运动试验^201Tl心肌灌注显像。两组试验对象均同期（2周内）行冠状动脉造影术。以冠状动脉狭窄≥50%作为冠心病诊断的“金标准”,比较两种负荷方法对冠心病的诊断价值。结果腺苷试验^201Tl心肌灌注显像对冠心病诊断的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测率、阴性预测率、准确率分别为92.86%、57.14%、81.25%、80.0%、80.95%,运动试验^201Tl心肌灌注显像分别为100%、60.0%、71.43%、100%、80.0%,两种负荷方法对病变冠状动脉的检出率分别为66.67%和72.22%。结论两种负荷方法诊断冠心病的总体效能无显著差异。     

运动平板试验诊断无症状心肌缺血的临床价值

 目的 评价运动平板试验（treadmill exercise testing,TET）检出冠心病无症状心肌缺血(slient myocardial ischemia,SMI)的诊断价值。方法 对经动态心电图检查拟诊为SMI患者145例进行TET及冠状动脉造影(coronary angiography,CAG）检查,并以后者作为判定标准,计算TET诊断SMI的敏感性、特异性、准确性指数、阳性预测值及阴性预测值。结果 TET检出SMI的敏感性为89.3%,特异性为67.2%,准确性为80.0%,阳性预测值为78.9%,阴性预测值为82.0%。多支冠脉病变患者的运动平板试验阳性率与单支病变患者的对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。女性运动平板试验假阳率高于男性(P <0.01)。结论 检出SMI的特异性较低,但敏感性较高,能较准确评价SMI 的缺血情况。     

Technetium-99m sestamibi myocardial tomography based on dipyridamole echocardiography testing in hypertensive patients with chest pain

The non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease in hypertensives with chest pain is an important clinical concern because all exercise-dependent tests display limited feasibility and diagnostic accuracy; by contrast, dipyridamole echocardiography testing has been shown to have a similar feasibility and accuracy in hypertensive and normotensive subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic capability of technetium-99m sestamibi tomography based on dipyridamole echocardiography testing in hypertensives with chest pain, and to compare the scintigraphic results with those of coronary angiography, exercise electrocardiography and dipyridamole echocardiography. Forty subjects with mild to moderate hypertension, chest pain and no previous myocardial infarction were submitted to^99mTc-sestamibi tomography (at rest and after high-dose dipyridamole echocardiography) and to exercise electrocardiography testing. At coronary angiography 22 patients (group A) had significant epicardial coronary artery disease (70% stenosis of at least one major vessel) and 18 normal main coronary vessels (group B). Dipyridamole^99mTc-sestamibi imaging was positive in 21/22 patients of group A and in 5/18 of group B. Dipyridamole echocardiography was positive in 18/22 patients of group A and in 5/18 of group B. Exercise electrocardiography was positive in 15/22 patients of group A and in 11/18 of group B. Four out of five subjects in group B with positive results in all the tests showed a slow run-off of angiographic contrast medium, probably due to small-vessel disease. Significant epicardial coronary artery disease in hypertensives with chest pain is unlikely when dipyridamole^99mTc-sestamibi tomography is negative. When scintigraphy is positive, either epicardial coronary artery disease or a small-vessel disease condition is possible. The association of scintigraphy with dipyridamole echocardiography testing allows the assessment of contractile function and myocardial perfusion by a single pharmacological stress.     

99Tcm-N-NOET负荷和延迟门控心肌灌注显像对高血压患者的临床价值

Objective To investigate clinical significance of the 99Tcm-bis (N-ethoxy-N-ethyl-dithiocarbamato) nitridotechnetium(99Tcm-N-NOET) exercise and delayed myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in hypertensive patients. Methods Sixty patients with hypertension and 19 normal subjects were carried out 99Tcm-N-NOET exercise and delayed MPI, and analyzed the results of MPI, exercise electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac function parameters end-diastolic volume(EDV), end-systolic volume(ESV), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), △ LVEF (LV EF exercis-LVEF delay) and coronary angiography(CAG). Results ① Sixty patients with hypertension, 22 cases(36.7%)of exercise ECG were abnormal, 16 cases (26.7%)were the chest tightness in exercise, 13 cases (21.7%) were blood pressure excessive reaction in exercise; control group, 2 cases (10.5%) of exercise ECG were abnormal, 1 case (5.3%, 1/19) was chest tightness in exercise,no per-son was blood pressure response in excessive. ②The positive rate of myocardial perfusion in hyper tensive group was significantly higher than the control group (31.75％ vs.5.30％, P<0.05). ③Cardial function parameters in hypertension group [exercise EDV =(79.75 ±29.10)ml, ESV =(28.82 ± 15.73)ml, LVEF =(65.78 ±1.27)%; delay EDV=(81.42±3.47)ml, ESV=(30.62±2.05)ml, LVEF=(64.20±9.70)%] and control group[exercise EDV=(79.63 ±21.65)ml, ESV=(27.37±10.71)ml, LVEF=(66.42±1.55)%; delay EDV=(82.89±4.96)ml,ESV=(31.42±3.06)ml, LVEF=(63.16 ±7.54)%] were no statistical difference(exercise EDV: t=0.161, ESV: t=0.112, LVEF: t=0.261; delay EDV: t=0.276, ESV: t=0.197, LVEF: t=0.184, P>0.05), △ LVEF<0%, 28 cases (46.7%) in hypertension group, 4 cases (21.1%) in control group, χ2=3.929, P<0.05; 11 cases (57.9%) in MPI positive group, 12 cases (29.3％) in MPI negative group, χ2=4.501, P<0.05. ④Nineteen hypertension underwent CAG, 11 cases were abnormal, 8 cases were normal. MPI results: 9 cases were ischemia, 10 cases were normal, and they were no statistical difference (χ2=0.25, P>0.05). The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 99Tcm-N-NOET MPI were 72.7％, 87.5％ and 78.9％. Conclusions ①99Tcm-N-NOET exercise and delayed MPI can diagnose whether hypertension patients with myocardial ischemia or not. ② △ LVEF of hypertensive patients reduced, △ LVEF is lower in hypertensive patients of MPI-positive.     

99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注显像在心肌缺血治疗中的指导意义

目的确定~(99m)Tc-MIBI心肌灌注显像在心肌缺血治疗中的指导意义。方法利用美国GE公司生产的双探头可变角SPECT检查了86例冠状动脉供血不足引起的心肌缺血患者,并对其中48例心肌灌注治疗前后的缺损填充或改善情况进行了观察。结果43例(89.6%)患者显像缺损填充或有明显改善,仅1例缺损填充不佳。结论~(99m)Tc-MIBI心肌灌注显像在心肌缺血治疗中有重要指导意义。