共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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目的 对市售海胆药材进行商品调查,并研究其热稳定性。方法 在国内沿海3市实地调查并收集海胆样品;用热重法(TG)及差示扫描量热法(DSC)对7个品种的海胆进行分析。结果 海胆药材市售商品流通量小,多属陈货,其中马粪海胆和海刺猬为主流品种,虾夷马粪海胆为日本引进品种。海胆的TG曲线基本一致,均有2个失重阶段,第一阶段为27~529℃,质量损失为2.38 %~5.06 %;第二阶段在612~805℃,质量损失为38.89 %~40.41 %;DSC曲线中,海胆样品在27 ℃至600 ℃区间均具1个较强吸热尖峰、1个吸热宽峰和2个放热峰,其中细雕刻肋海胆、虾夷马粪海胆的两个放热峰极弱。结论 7个品种市售海胆药材的热稳定性较好,并可通过热分析中的特征峰数量、位置、峰形和峰值大小等鉴别几种海胆。 相似文献
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海胆化学和药理学研究概况 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
海胆纲(Echinoidea)属棘皮动物门(Echinodermata)的游在亚门(Eleutherozoa),有球海胆科(Stronglocentrotidae)、毒棘海胆科(Toxopneustidae)、长海胆科(Echi-nometridae)等科。海胆有多种药用价值,据 相似文献
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海胆黄多糖的分离、纯化及免疫活性测定 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
目的从光棘球海胆中分离纯化海胆黄多糖(polysaccharidefromtheeggsofStrongylocentrotusnu-dus,简称SEP),确定其纯度和分子量,并现察其免疫活性。方法海胆黄先经丙酮脱脂,根据正交实验和活性分析确定最佳热水提取条件,然后热水提取、去蛋白、醇沉得海胆黄粗多糖。粗多糖经超滤、DEAESepharoseFastFlow及SephacrylS-400柱层析纯化得多糖精品SEP。经高效液相色谱、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及纸层析鉴定其纯度。高效凝胶渗透色谱法(HPGPC)测定其分子量。体外脾淋巴细胞增殖实验测定其免疫活性。结果从海胆黄中分离纯化得到的均一多糖组分SEP,经检测其分子量为1950KD左右。脾淋巴细胞增殖实验表明SEP可显著促进脾淋巴细胞的增殖。结论从海胆黄中分离纯化得到的均一多糖组分SEP具有较强的体外免疫活性。 相似文献
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目的 优化马粪海胆生殖腺中多糖的纯化方法,并评价其体外对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用.方法 马粪海胆生殖腺经水提取、木瓜蛋白酶结合Sevage法除蛋白、透析后醇沉、干燥制得马粪海胆总多糖,总多糖应用Sephacryl S-300凝胶柱色谱分离纯化;采用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量;通过噻唑蓝(MTT)法测试多糖的体外抗肿瘤作用.结果 马粪海胆生殖腺的水提液应用木瓜蛋白酶结合Sevage法除蛋白效果最佳,木瓜蛋白酶最佳用量为100∶6(海胆脱脂粉与酶质量比),制得总多糖的纯度达90%;总多糖及分离得到的2个多糖体外对人肝癌Bel7402细胞表现出生长抑制作用.结论 该纯化方法步骤简单、易操作,所得多糖理化性质好、易溶于水,适用于马粪海胆生殖腺多糖的纯化. 相似文献
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We previously reported the partial purification and characterization of a toxic substance (sea urchin toxin) isolated from the pedicellariae of the sea urchin Toxopneustes pileolus (Nakagawa and Kimura, Jpn J Pharmacol 32: 966-968, 1982). In the present study, we examined the effect of sea urchin toxin on catecholamine secretion and synthesis in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells. Sea urchin toxin inhibited the secretion of catecholamines stimulated by carbachol and nicotine but not by veratridine or a high concentration of K+. The toxin inhibited the carbachol-evoked influx of 22Na+ and 45Ca2+ at concentrations similar to those for catecholamine secretion. The inhibition of catecholamine secretion by sea urchin toxin was not overcome by increasing the concentration of carbachol. Preincubation of cells with the toxin caused a time-dependent inhibition in the secretion stimulated by carbachol even when the toxin was removed from the incubation medium. The toxin suppressed catecholamine synthesis and tyrosine hydroxylase activity in carbachol-stimulated cells. In addition, sea urchin toxin inhibited [3H]phencyclidine binding to adrenal medullary cells whereas it did not alter cyclic GMP accumulation caused by muscarine. Further purified fractions from sea urchin toxin by concanavalin A affinity column chromatography also inhibited carbachol-evoked secretion of catecholamines. These results suggest that sea urchin toxin inhibits carbachol-enhanced secretion and synthesis of catecholamines by suppression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated Na+ influx and subsequent Ca2+ influx in cultured adrenal medullary cells. 相似文献
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Militão GC Albuquerque MR Pessoa OD Pessoa C Moraes ME de Moraes MO Costa-Lotufo LV 《Die Pharmazie》2004,59(12):965-966
The present study evaluated the cytotoxic activity of nepetin and quercetin-3-O-glucoside, compounds isolated from the aerial parts of Eupatorium ballotaefolium. The antimitotic activity was determined as the ability to inhibit sea urchin eggs development and five tumor cells lines growth. Moreover, the activities of these compounds were compared to quercetin in the same models. Nepetin inhibited the proliferation of the five tumor cell lines, once quercetin-3-O-glucoside did not present any activity even at the highest tested concentration and quercetin only inhibited proliferation of the B16 cell line. On the sea urchin assay, nepetin and quercetin induced a dose-dependent inhibition on egg development, while quercetin-3-O-glucoside did not modify normalegg cleavage, even at the highest tested concentration (100 microg/ml). 相似文献
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Bianchini A Playle RC Wood CM Walsh PJ 《Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,84(2):182-189
The present study was carried out to examine possible differential silver distribution among several tissues of three marine invertebrate species: the shrimp Penaeus duorarum, the sea hare Aplysia californica, and the sea urchin Diadema antillarum. Animals were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of silver (1 or 10 microg/L) in seawater for 48 h. In gill-breathing species (shrimp and sea hare), higher silver accumulation in gills were associated with higher hemolymph silver levels. Furthermore, sea urchin showed lower hemolymph silver concentrations than shrimp and sea hare. These findings suggest that gills are an important route for silver uptake in marine invertebrates. In both sea hare and shrimp, hepatopancreas silver accumulation was concentration-dependent and this organ accumulated the most silver after 48 h of exposure, suggesting a possible involvement of the hepatopancreas in both silver accumulation and detoxification in marine invertebrates. In shrimp and sea hare, substantial silver accumulation in nervous tissues was detected, suggesting the need for further studies on possible behavioral effects of silver in these invertebrate species. In sea urchin, egg mass accumulated more silver than other tissues analyzed, indicating the need for future studies on possible reproductive effects of silver in sea urchin. In all three species, the lowest silver concentrations were observed in muscle, suggesting a low potential of this tissue for trophic transfer of silver. 相似文献
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Moureaux C Simon J Mannaerts G Catarino AI Pernet P Dubois P 《Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2011,105(3-4):698-707
Echinoderms are known to readily incorporate metals in their calcified endoskeleton. It is currently unclear if this has an impact on the skeleton function or if this can be considered as a detoxification mechanism. In the present work, populations of the sea urchin Echinus acutus and the starfish Asterias rubens were studied in stations distributed along a metal contamination gradient in a Norwegian fjord (S?rfjord). Ossicles involved in major mechanical functions - sea urchin spine and starfish ambulacral plate - were analyzed for their metal concentration (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and their biometric and mechanical properties. Starfish plates were more contaminated by Cd, Pb and Zn than sea urchin spines. Cu concentrations were at background levels. In E. acutus, metals principally affected size. In A. rubens, material stiffness and toughness were decreased in the most contaminated station. This reduction is attributed either to the direct incorporation of metals in the calcite lattice and/or to deleterious effects of metals during skeleton ontogenesis. The contrasting incorporation of metals in the skeleton of the two investigated species accounts for the different impact of the metals, including in terms of fitness. The present results clearly indicate that, at least in A. rubens, incorporation of metals in the skeleton cannot be considered as a detoxification mechanism. 相似文献
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Semenova MN Kiselyov AS Tsyganov DV Konyushkin LD Firgang SI Semenov RV Malyshev OR Raihstat MM Fuchs F Stielow A Lantow M Philchenkov AA Zavelevich MP Zefirov NS Kuznetsov SA Semenov VV 《Journal of medicinal chemistry》2011,54(20):7138-7149
A series of 4-azapodophyllotoxin derivatives with modified rings B and E have been synthesized using allylpolyalkoxybenzenes from parsley seed oil. The targeted molecules were evaluated in vivo in a phenotypic sea urchin embryo assay for antimitotic and tubulin destabilizing activity. The most active compounds identified by the in vivo sea urchin embryo assay featured myristicin-derived ring E. These molecules were determined to be more potent than podophyllotoxin. Cytotoxic effects of selected molecules were further confirmed and evaluated by conventional assays with A549 and Jurkat human leukemic T-cell lines including cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, cellular microtubule disruption, and induction of apoptosis. The ring B modification yielded 6-OMe substituted molecule as the most active compound. Finally, in Jurkat cells, compound induced caspase-dependent apoptosis mediated by the apical caspases-2 and -9 and not caspase-8, implying the involvement of the intrinsic caspase-9-dependent apoptotic pathway. 相似文献
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Of the 600 species of sea urchins, approximately 80 may be venomous to humans. The long spined or black sea urchin, Diadema setosum may cause damage by the breaking off of its brittle spines after they penetrate the skin. Synovitis followed by arthritis may be an unusual but apparently not a rare sequel to such injury, when implantation occurs near a joint. In this case report, osseous changes were not seen by plain x-rays. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to expose the more salient features of both soft tissue and bone changes of black sea urchin puncture injury 30 months after penetration. In all likelihood, this type of injury may be more common than the existing literature at present suggests. It is believed to be the first reported case in this part of the world as well as the first MRI study describing this type of joint pathology. Local and systemic reactions to puncture injuries from sea urchin spines have been described previously. These may range from mild, local irritation lasting a few days to granuloma formation, infection and on occasions systemic illness. The sea urchin spines are composed of calcium carbonate with proteinaceous covering. The covering tends to cause immune reactions of variable presentation. There are only a handful of reported cases with sea urchin stings on record, none of them from the Red Sea. However, this condition is probably more common than is thought and can present difficulty in diagnosis. In this case report, the inflammation responded well to heat treatment, mobilization and manipulation of the joint in its post acute and chronic stages. As some subtle changes in soft tissues and the changes in bone were not seen either on plain x-rays or ultrasound scan, gadolinium-enhanced MRI was used to unveil the marked changes in the joint. 相似文献
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KAHN TERI A.; BLUMER JEFFEY; SILVERMAN ROBERT A.; BICKERS DAVID R. 《Toxicological sciences》1988,11(1):511-518
Screening for the Developmental Toxicity of Retinoids: Use ofthe Sea Urchin Model.KAHN, T. A., BLUMER, J., SILVERMAN, R.A., AND BICKERS, D. R. (1988). Fundam Appl. Toxicoi. 11, 1 511-518.Retinoids are being used increasingly in dermatologic practice.Fetal malformation is a major form of toxicity associated withcertain retinoids. In this study, the developmental toxicityof isotretinoin, its metabolites, and a structurally relatedanalog, tretinoin, were evaluated using the sea urchin model.The American sea urchin, Arbacia punctulata, completes its majordevelopmental stages within 24 hr and has been previously utilizedfor screening human teratogens. The parent compound, isotretinoin,induced dose-dependent delayed rather than dysmorphic developmentof the sea urchin embryo. In contrast, its metabolites, 4-oxo-isotreti-noinand 4-oxo-tretinoin, and the analog tretinoin induced strikinglydysmorphic development This may indicate that the metabolitesof isotretinoin, rather than the parent compound, may 3 be responsiblefor the fetal abnormalities observed in the "isotretinoin teratogensyndrome." Therefore, the sea urchin model might serve as adiscriminating and rapid screening test for identifying otherpotential developmentally toxic retinoids. 相似文献
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Costa-Lotufo LV Araújo EC Lima MA Moraes ME Pessoa C Silviera ER Moraes MO 《Die Pharmazie》2004,59(1):78-79
Two abietane diterpenes were isolated from a hexane extract of Hyptis martiusii roots and identified as carnasol 11,14-dihidroxy-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-one. These compounds were tested for their antiproliferative effects on tumor cell lines using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide and on the sea urchin egg development. Both compounds displayed cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines, but only carnasol was able to inhibit the sea urchin egg cleavages. 相似文献