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1.
中药材乌梢蛇及其混淆品的DNA序列分析鉴别   总被引:42,自引:0,他引:42  
DNA序列分析鉴别是中药材品种鉴定的新方法[1],已应用于海马、龟甲、鳖甲等中药材的鉴定[2~7]。目前商品流通中乌梢蛇(ZAOCYS)药材的混淆品种类较多,游蛇科(Colubridae)的常见种类都有可能被当作乌梢蛇制成药材,品种鉴定困难[8]。而...  相似文献   

2.
蛇莓的生药学及生物活性研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文从来源、药材性状、显微组织构造、粉末特征和理化鉴定等方面,对蛇莓[Duches-neaindica(Andr)Focke]进行了系统的研究,确定了鉴别特征。BrineShrimp试验表明,蛇莓具有一定的生物活性。  相似文献   

3.
利用模糊数学进行五味子的生药鉴别   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
唐荣辉 《海峡药学》1997,9(2):94-95
生药的鉴别特征存在着模糊性,梁明曾利用模糊数学方法对生药的伪品进行鉴别[1]。本文运用模糊数学方法对同一科属不同品种的生药鉴别作一探讨,报告如下。1.模型的建立和识别[2]:设所要研究的每一生药为一模糊集,组成论域U,则:U=[Y1,Y2,……Ym]m=1,2,3……每味生药有许多特征,每一特征作为模糊子集X,则;Y=[X1,X2,……Xn]n=1,2,3……检品生药与所有生药之间的关系就是两个模糊子集之间的关系,可用模糊关系矩阵表示:若有一具体被检生药UO∈U,具有鉴别特点征(X0),则Y0=[(X0)1,(Xo)2,…(Xo…  相似文献   

4.
细胞与分子遗传学技术鉴定药材简介   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
王建云  付文 《中国药事》1998,12(6):377-378
传统的药材鉴定大多依据药材的性状特征,显微特征,和所含化学成分的理化特征。由于目前药材来源复杂、种类繁多、品种混淆,运用传统的药材鉴定方法已难做出准确的判断。例如:鹿鞭[1]、前胡[2]等。为此,人们寻找更科学、更先进的方法,以求能够更准确地鉴定中药...  相似文献   

5.
王江川 《中国药业》1999,8(11):62-63
中药的紫外吸收光谱是其各组分特征吸收光谱叠加而形成的,所以在一定条件下只要所含诸成分基本相同,则其紫外吸收光谱相似,由此形成了紫外光谱鉴别法。近年来,用此法鉴别中药的研究报道逐渐增多,在理化鉴别中所占比例也逐渐增加,为此,就其中部分中药材的紫外光谱特征鉴别分类概括如下,供同行参考。1紫外特征吸收1.1皮类及花类中药:近年来有人用紫外光谱法对皮类中药如秦白皮一[1]土槿皮[2]、厚朴[3]、肉桂[4]乙醇浸提液进行光谱扫描测定,测定液浓度分别为1,10,0.2,0.08mg/ml(以下省略测定液浓度(mg/ml)及波长…  相似文献   

6.
砂仁及其混淆品益智的鉴别   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
砂仁及其混淆品益智的鉴别山西省药品检验所030001王春芳郭景文砂仁及其伪品的鉴别已多有报道[1~4],但未见有益智仁伪充砂仁的报道,笔者在接受送检的砂仁药材时,至少发现两次以益智仁或益智种子伪充砂仁或砂米,为保证药材质量,我们对正品砂仁及益智的果实...  相似文献   

7.
目的开发与利用栀子属植物药源,研究中药栀子根和茎形态组织学的鉴别特征。方法对栀子属三种植物的根和茎药材来源性状、显微进行了较详细的比较鉴别。结果通过三者形态组织学的比较,确定了三者鉴别要点,取得了较满意的结果。结论栀予属三种植物根和茎形态组织学的特征可作其药材鉴别的科学依据。  相似文献   

8.
薄层扫描法测定地龙类药材中琥珀酸的含量   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
薄层扫描法测定地龙类药材中琥珀酸的含量湖北省中医药研究院430074王光忠邹阳陈敬炳叶小川李丹地龙类药材分为广地龙[Pheretimaaspergilum(E.Perrier)]、沪地龙[Ph.vulgarisChen,Ph.guilelmi(Mic...  相似文献   

9.
中药鉴定中电泳技术的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
传统的中药鉴定主要依靠形态分类学和解剖学特征从药材来源、性状、显微及理化鉴别等方面进行药材品种的鉴别。然而有些药材经过加工炮制后,已经失去其原本性状而难辨真伪尤其是一些贵重的动物药材,传统方法很难加以很好的鉴别,粉碎后的药材就更难以区分。  相似文献   

10.
乙酸纤维素薄膜蛋白电泳法鉴别蛤蚧及其伪品芮代莉,滕茜华,梁秀云,卿亮荣(广西南宁市第二人民医院530031)蛤蚧为我国贵重药材之一,主产于广西、广东和台湾。传统的鉴别主要依据药材的外观形态特征,本文采用了乙酸纤维素薄膜蛋白电泳法对蛤蚧及其伪品壁虎和马...  相似文献   

11.
金钱白花蛇及其伪品的Cyt b基因片段序列分析和PCR鉴别研究   总被引:32,自引:2,他引:30  
对金钱白花蛇及其伪、混品药材和原动物的Cyt b基因片段的序列分析发现,该基因片段在金钱白花蛇及其伪品间的差异远远大于金钱白花蛇种内个体间的差异,是理想的用于鉴别金钱白花蛇及其伪混品的分子遗传标记。在对Cyt b基因片段序列分析的基础上,设计了金钱白花蛇PCR鉴别的一对高度特异性引物BuL-1和BuH-1。结果表明,该对引物在对金钱白花蛇的PCR鉴别中,用60℃~65℃的复性温度,可以100%检出金钱白花蛇,误检率和漏检率为0,并能在混合的药材粉末中检测出被检样品中是否含有金钱白花蛇组份。本研究还表明PCR鉴别将有可能成为中成药复方组分鉴别的一种新手段。  相似文献   

12.
AIM: To clone the cDNA of a new member of snake venom C-type lectin-like proteins, to study its structure-function relationships and to achieve its recombinant production. METHODS: PCR primers were designed based on the homology and cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR using total RNA from snake venom gland as the template.The PCR products were cloned into the plasmid pGEM-T and sequenced. The deduced protein sequence was analyzed with some bioinformatic programs. A recombinant expression plasmid was constructed using pBAD-TOPO as vector and transformed into E.coli TOP10 competent cells. RESULTS: A novel cDNA sequence encoding akitonin β was found and accepted by GenBank (accession number AF387100). Akitonin β consists of a typical carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of C-type lectins, and it is homologous with other snake venom C-type lectin-like proteins. It was predicted to be a platelet antagonist. Upon induction with arabinose rAkitonin β expressing in E coli was achieved at a high level (superior to 150 mg/L). The recombinant fusion protein exhibited inhibitory activities on rat platelet aggregation in vitro. CONCLUSION: A new member of snake venom C-type lectin-like proteins was discovered and characterized, and an efficient recombinant expression system was estab-lished for its production.  相似文献   

13.
Authentication of an animal crude drug, Zaocys, by diagnostic PCR   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
A pair of diagnostic primers for distinguishing the Chinese crude drug Zaocys (Zaocys dhumandes) from its substitutes was designed based on the sequence data of the original animal of the drug and substitutes. Total DNAs were extracted from genuine crude drug and 5 of its substitutes, as well as from 12 species of original animal of the snake crude drug. Diagnostic PCRs were performed using the primers with these total DNAs as a template, annealing at 60-65 degrees C. Positive amplifications were obtained from all DNA templates of Zaocys, whereas negative amplifications were obtained from that of others. The results indicate that Zaocys samples could be definitely distinguished from its substitutes by diagnostic PCR, and no incorrect discrimination was found under the same reaction conditions. The advantages of the method in the authentication of crude drugs are also discussed in the present paper.  相似文献   

14.
中药材蛇胆的DNA分子标记鉴定研究   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
目的 运用分子标记技术鉴定药材蛇胆的真伪,以克服目前仅依据形态、显微特征及理化性状进行鉴别的不足。方法 分别从药材蛇胆的胆衣和胆汁、原动物棕黑锦蛇的肌肉和胆汁中提取DNA,经PCR扩增得到约400bp的12SrRNA基因片段,并对该基因片段进行测序研究。结果 从少量药材蛇胆的胆衣和胆汁中可提得足够用于PCR扩增的DNA模板,扩增产物的测序结果表明同一动物的胆衣和胆汁、肌肉和胆汁的碱基序列完全一致。结论 DNA分子标记技术可用于中药材蛇胆和胆汁的鉴定,提示该技术也可用于其他动物分泌物类型药材的鉴别。目前市场上药材蛇胆来源较复杂,需加强质量监督和控制。  相似文献   

15.
Chloroplast chlB gene encoding subunit B of light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase was amplified from herbarium and crude drug specimens of Ephedra sinica, E. intermedia, E. equisetina, and E. przewalskii. Sequence comparison of the chlB gene indicated that all the E. sinica specimens have the same sequence type (Type S) distinctive from other species, while there are two sequence types (Type E1 and Type E2) in E. equisetina. E. intermedia and E. prezewalskii revealed an identical sequence type (Type IP). E. sinica was also identified by digesting the chlB fragment with Bcl I. A novel method for DNA authentication of Ephedra Herb based on the sequences of the chloroplast chlB gene and internal transcribed spacer of nuclear rRNA genes was developed and successfully applied for identification of the crude drugs obtained in the Chinese market.  相似文献   

16.
Rhizoma Bletillae, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and Bletilla formosana (Hayata) Schltr. (endemic to Taiwan) is widely distributed throughout the island. This study used militarine, cinnamic acid, 1,8-bi(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol (BHMD), and 4,7-dihydroxy-1-p-hydroxybenzyl-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (DHMD) as marker compounds along with high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) for quantitative analysis of B. formosana. Through mass reproduction by tissue culture, B. formosana was analyzed according to different growth stages, culture media, drying methods, and processing treatments, and then compared with different commercial Rhizoma Bletillae crude drugs. The results showed that the levels of almost all component contents in the vegetative phase were higher than those in the flowering phase. The militarine content in the mature tuber was higher than that in other components and plant sections. The results of this study indicated that the ideal harvest time for B. formosana is from September to October. In the different culture media, Medium 2 (peat soil: snake wood: nacrite: vermiculite = 1:2:1:1) and Medium 3 (sandy loam: snake wood: nacrite: vermiculite = 5:2:2:1) offered higher productivities and provided the best growth conditions. However, Medium 4 (snake wood: nacrite: vermiculite = 3:1:1) gave the highest content of the four compounds in its tuber. The processing treatment applied to fresh tubers was steam heating for a short time (10 minutes or 45 minutes) and then drying at 50 °C. This study also revealed that B. formosana had higher component contents than the commercial crude Rhizoma Bletillae drugs.  相似文献   

17.
RAPD方法在细辛类药材鉴别研究中的问题及其对策   总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33  
以细辛类药材的鉴别为例,对RAPD方法在药材鉴别中所存在的问题进行了探讨,结果表明药材DNA模板浓度,降解程度及药材的产地均对RAPD产物有不同程度的影响,从而提出选择适宜的药材DNA模板浓度,筛选合适的引物和采用对照组聚类分析等方法来消除上述因素的影响,进而讨论了RAPD方法在药材鉴别上的适用范围。  相似文献   

18.
《Toxin reviews》2013,32(2):91-113
Abstract

A variety of α-fibrin(ogen)olytic enzymes have been found in snake venoms. More than 15 α-fibrin(ogen)ases have been isolated and characterized. Most work has been done with the venom of snakes belonging to a few species from the Agkistrodon, Crotalus, Trimeresurus, Bothrops, and Vipera. Only one α-fibrin(ogen)olytic enzyme is characterized from Elapidae snake venoms. The enzymatic properties of these proteinases are described in relation to action on fibrinogen, fibrin, and casein. The fibrinolytic enzymes act directly on fibrin and do not activate plasminogen. The proteolytic activity of these metalloproteinases is inhibited by EDTA. Most thoroughly investigated snake venom fibrinolytic enzymes are fibrolase from Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix venom, atroxase from Crotalus atrox venom and cerastase from Cerastes cerastes venom. Antibodies to fibrolase were prepared and their cross-reactions with other fibrinolytic components from several snake venoms have been detected. These antibodies were successfully used for purification of fibrolase from crude southern copperhead venom. Fibrolase and atroxase have no hemorrhagic activity, and they effectively solubilize artificial thrombi. Research in this area has a chance to provide new therapeutic agents for dissolving thrombi.  相似文献   

19.
本文报道我国西南产麻黄——丽江麻黄Ephedra likiangensis Florin、匍枝丽江麻黄E.likiangensis f.mairei(Florin)C.Y.Cheng、藏麻黄E.saxatilis Royle ex Florin、山岭麻黄E.gerardiana Wall、垫状山岭麻黄E.gerardiana Var.congesta C.Y.Cheng、矮麻黄E.minuta Florin和异株矮麻黄E.minuta var.dioeca C.Y.Cheng,以及形态组织特征较特殊的宁夏产斑子麻黄E.lepidosperma C.Y.Cheng、新疆产窄膜麻黄E.lomatolepis Schrenk,西藏产西藏中麻黄E.intermedia var.tibetica Stapf的生药形态组织学研究结果。并根据对国产麻黄的生药形态组织学的系统研究结果,分别编写了各种国产麻黄(包括13种3变种1变型)的生药性状和生药显微特征检索表。  相似文献   

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