曲克芦丁联合灯盏花素注射液治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的探讨曲克芦丁联合灯盏花素注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果。方法60例急性脑梗死患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组采用灯盏花素注射液治疗,观察组采用曲克芦丁联合灯盏花素注射液治疗。比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分。结果观察组临床治疗总有效率90.00%明显高于对照组的66.67%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组NIHSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组NIHSS评分均显著低于治疗前,且观察组NIHSS评分(3.08±1.21)分低于对照组的(5.15±1.59)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论曲克芦丁联合灯盏花素注射液治疗急性脑梗死患者疗效显著,可有效改善患者神经功能缺损情况,具有一定的推广价值。     

丹参川芎嗪联合曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物治疗急性脑梗死38例

目的观察丹参川芎嗪联合曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选取76例急性脑梗死患者,随机均分为两组。治疗组给予曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物注射液和丹参川芎嗪注射液静脉滴注,对照组常规给予丹参注射液和胞二磷胆碱注射液静脉滴注,比较2组患者治疗前后神经功能缺损评分的变化、血液流变学指标的变化及临床疗效。结果治疗组神经功能缺损评分明显减少,与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01);血液流变学指标的改善优于对照组(P<0.05),临床疗效较对照组好,总有效率具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论丹参川芎嗪注射液联合曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物具有抗血栓、改善微循环、保护血管内皮细胞、脑缺血细胞的作用,治疗急性脑梗死疗效显著。     

灯盏花素注射液治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对血液流变学的影响

目的观察灯盏花素注射液对急性脑梗死的疗效及对血液流变学的影响。方法将86例急性脑梗死患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,两组均予抗血小板、脑保护等治疗,治疗组予灯盏花素注射液30ml加入生理盐水250ml静脉滴注,对照组予曲克芦丁1．0加入生理盐水250ml静滴,均每天一次,连用14d。治疗前后分别进行神经功能缺损程度评分、血液流变学检查。结果治疗组的总有效率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）,灯盏花素治疗后血液流变学指标较治疗前显著下降（P〈0．05）。结论灯盏花素注射液治疗急性脑梗死疗效明显,并能显著改善急性脑梗死患者的血液流变学指标。     

银杏二萜内酯葡胺联合曲克芦丁治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的探讨银杏二萜内酯葡胺联合曲克芦丁治疗急性脑梗死患者的临床疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2020年10月于河南省人民医院治疗的182例急性脑梗死患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各91例。对照组静脉滴注注射用曲克芦丁,0.48 g加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 mL,1次/d;治疗组患者在对照组基础上静脉滴注银杏二萜内酯葡胺注射液,25 mg加入生理盐水250 mL,1次/d。两组患者均连续治疗2周。观察两组患者临床疗效,比较治疗前后两组患者美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、改良Barthel指数(MBI),脑血流速度,血清氧化应激和神经损伤指标水平。结果治疗后,对照组临床有效率为82.42%,显著低于治疗组的92.31%(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者NIHSS评分较治疗前显著下降,而MBI评分显著提高(P0.05),且治疗组患者改善更显著(P0.05)。治疗后,两组大脑前动脉(ACA)、中动脉(MCA)、后动脉(PCA)、基底动脉(BA)、椎动脉(VA)血流速度较治疗前均显著提高(P0.05),且治疗组升高更明显(P0.05)。治疗后,两组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平较治疗前均显著升高,而丙二醛(MDA)水平显著下降(P0.05),且治疗组患者上述血清氧化应激指标水平改善更明显(P0.05)。治疗后,两组神经肽Y(NPY)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平较治疗前均显著下降(P0.05),且治疗组患者下降更明显(P0.05)。结论银杏二萜内酯葡胺注射液联合曲克芦丁可显著改善急性脑梗死患者临床症状,改善脑血流速度,有效抑制氧化应激反应,减轻脑损伤,临床疗效佳,且安全性高。     

灯盏细辛注射液辅助治疗急性脑梗死128例

目的探讨灯盏细辛注射液辅助治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法急性脑梗死患者256例，随机分为治疗组和对照组各128例。两组均常规给予甘露醇脱水、阿司匹林、曲克芦丁、三七总苷注射液等治疗。治疗组加用灯盏细辛注射液40 mL加入5%葡萄糖注射液或0.9%氯化钠注射液250 mL静脉滴注，qd，2周1个疗程。结果治疗组和对照组显效率分别为74.2%，38.3%；有效率分别为87.5%，71.1%(P＜0. 05）。结论灯盏细辛注射液辅助治疗急性脑梗死疗效较好。     

灯盏花素注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床观察

目的 :探讨灯盏花素注射液在急性脑梗死治疗中的疗效。方法 :选择 30 0例急性脑梗死患者 ,随机分成治疗组和对照组各 15 0例 ,治疗组给予灯盏花素注射液 30mg ,ivgtt,qd ;对照组给予曲克芦丁 0 6g ,ivgtt,qd ,共 15d。 2组其余治疗相同 ,均给予脑保护剂 (尼莫地平 4mg、维生素C 2 5g,ivgtt,qd)及对症治疗 (酌情给予纠正脑水肿、降血压、降血脂、降血糖等治疗 ) ,治疗前后比较 2组患者神经功能缺损评分的变化评定疗效。结果 :治疗组基本痊愈率和显著好转率明显高于对照组 ,其差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗组轻型、中型基本痊愈率均明显高于重型 ,其差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :在脑梗死急性期应用灯盏花素治疗可明显改善其病情及预后。     

曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物联合高压氧治疗脑梗死的疗效分析

目的分析对脑梗死患者实行曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物与高压氧联合治疗对临床疗效的影响。方法选取2017年6月～2018年5月在我院接受治疗的脑梗死患者80例作为临床研究对象,以治疗方式的不同分两组,实行曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物治疗的患者设为对照组(40例),实行曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物与高压氧联合治疗的患者设为观察组(40例),比较对临床疗效的影响。结果经治疗后,观察组患者的治疗效果(97.50%)显著高于对照组的治疗效果(75.00%);观察组患者的Barthel评分(80.01±3.72)分以及Brunnstrom评分(76.93±3.70)分显著高于对照组患者的Barthel评分(53.01±3.65)分以及Brunnstrom评分(52.98±3.65)分,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论给予脑梗死患者实行曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物与高压氧联合治疗可有效改善其神经功能,有较高的临床应用价值。     

曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的：观察曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果。方法86例急性脑梗死患者被随机分成对照组和治疗组,每组43例。对照组患者给予丹参注射液治疗,每日一次;治疗组患者给予曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物注射液治疗,每日一次。连续治疗15 d为一个疗程,共治疗2个疗程。治疗期间,根据患者病情程度及并发症给予降压、降糖、脱水和抗感染等治疗及护理。比较两组患者治疗前后血液流变学指标、神经功能缺损程度评分变化,观察治疗期间不良反应发生情况,评价临床疗效。结果两组患者血液流变学指标和神经功能缺损程度评分均较治疗前显著改善,且治疗组患者的红细胞压积、血小板聚集、纤维蛋白原、全血低切粘度（mPa·s）指标的改善程度明显优于对照组（P＜0.05）,神经功能缺损程度评分改善程度亦高于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗期间,未见明显不良反应,治疗组总有效率为88.37％,明显高于对照组的62.79％（P＜0.05）。结论曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物治疗急性脑梗死效果确切,值得临床推广。     

丹参注射液对妊娠高血压综合征患者血浆TNF-á和TXA2/PGI2平衡的调节作用

目的 观察丹参注射液治疗前后妊娠高血压综合征(PIH)患者血清TNF-α变化和血浆血栓素A2(TXA2)/前列环素(PGI2)平衡变化情况,探讨其治疗PIH的作用机制.方法 选择40例轻中度PIH患者,予以丹参注射液8mL静滴10d(丹参治疗组),同时另取正常妊娠40例做对照.ELISA双抗体夹心法检测丹参治疗组治疗前后TNF-α的含量变化,放射免疫法测定治疗前后血浆中TXA2、PGI2其稳定代谢产物TXB2和6-keto-PGF1α的浓度作为判断TXA2和PGI2含量的指标;同时测定正常妊娠对照组的TNF-α、TXB2和6-keto-PGF1α的含量作为比较.结果 与正常妊娠对照组相比较,治疗前丹参治疗组患者血清TNF-α含量升高(P＜0.05);血浆TXA2含量升高(P＜0.05),而血浆PGI2含量降低(P＜0.05),TXA2/PGI2比值升高.经过丹参注射液治疗10d后,与治疗前相比较,血清TNF-á含量有所下降(P＜0.05);血浆TXA2含量有所下降(P＜0.05),血浆PGI2含量有所上升(P＜0.05),TXA2/PGI2比值下降.结论 PIH病程中存在TNF-α水平升高和TXA2/PGI2比值升高.丹参治疗PIH的作用机制可能是通过降低患者血清TNF-α含量,使血管内皮通透性恢复;同时纠正血管活性物质分泌失衡,使血浆TXA2含量下降,血浆PGI2含量上升,TXA2/PGI2比值失衡恢复,最终使妊娠高血压综合征病程得以逆转.     

丹红注射液联合阿替普酶治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的探讨丹红注射液联合注射用阿替普酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选取2015年10月—2017年10月核工业四一六医院接收的急性脑梗死患者120例作为研究对象,将所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各60例。对照组在发病24 h之内给予注射用阿替普酶,0.9 mg/kg,总剂量10%静脉推注,剩余剂量在随后60 min内持续静脉滴注。治疗组患者在对照组治疗的基础上静脉滴注丹红注射液,20 m L丹红注射液加入到5%葡萄糖注射液250 m L中,1次/d。两组患者均持续治疗14 d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的脑梗死灶体积、急性期缺血半暗带体积、NIHSS评分和ADL评分。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为85.00%、95.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组脑梗死灶体积明显小于急性期缺血半暗带,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组脑梗死灶体积显著小于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组NIHSS评分显著降低,ADL评分显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丹红注射液联合注射用阿替普酶治疗急性脑梗死具有较好的临床疗效,可降低患者脑梗死灶体积,改善患者神经功能,提升日常生活质量,安全性较好,具有一定临床推广应用价值。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.