薄层扫描法测定复方贯众口服液中黄芪甲苷的含量

目的 建立复方贯众口服液中黄芪甲苷的含量测定方法。方法 采用双波长薄层扫描法，以氯仿—甲醇—水(65：35：10)为展开剂，检测波长λs=510nm，参比波长λR=700nm。结果 线性范围1．9～9．5μg(r=0．9997)，半均回收率为95．8％，RSD=1．8％(n=6)，方法精密度为RSD=4．4％(n=5)。结论 本法简便、快速、准确，适合该制剂中黄芪甲苷的含量测定。     

薄层扫描法测定固脾通鼻片中黄芪甲苷含量

目的：测定固脾通鼻片中黄芪甲苷含量，方法：0．2％羧甲基纤维素钠作粘合剂的硅胶G薄层板；以氯仿－甲醇－水（40：13：1）溶液为展开剂；λs=510nm,λR=690nm。结果：线性范围0．266－2．128μg（r＝0．996），平均加样回收率为95．6％；RSD＝2．64％（n=5)。结论：本法简便、准确、重现性好，可用于质量控制。     

薄层扫描法测定新风胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量

目的建立薄层扫描法测定新风胶囊中黄芪甲苷含量的方法。方法采用氟仿-甲醇-水(65: 35:10)10℃以下放置过夜的下层溶液作为展开系统,10％硫酸显色,测定波长λ=510 nm,薄层扫描。结果黄芪甲苷在1．012-5．060 μg范围内线性良好,r=0．999 1,平均回收率为96．7％,RSD=2．18％。结论本法快捷、简便、准确,可用于该制剂质量的控制。     

STLC法测定糖康平颗粒中黄芪甲苷的含量

采用 STL C(薄层扫描反射锯齿法 )测定糖康平颗粒中黄芪甲苷含量。λS=5 0 0 nm,λR=65 0 nm,狭缝 2 .0 mm× 2 .0 mm。结果回收率 99.32 % ,RSD =1.2 5 % ,含量限度 0 .3mg/ g。表明用 STL C法适合测定黄芪甲苷的含量     

薄层色谱扫描法测定三消丹胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量

目的:建立三消丹胶囊中黄芪甲苷的测定方法.方法:在λS=530 nm,λR=700 nm用薄层色谱扫描法测定黄芪甲苷的含量.结果:黄芪甲苷在 1.07～5.35 μg范围内线性关系良好,(r=0.999 5),平均回收率为 96.1%,RSD=1.9%.结论:该法准确、可靠、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于该制剂中黄芪甲苷的含量测定及质量控制.     

复方黄芪片中黄芪甲苷含量测定方法研究

目的 探讨黄芪甲苷含量测定方法。方法 采用薄层扫描法对复方黄芪片中黄芪甲苷进行含量测定。检测波长为530nm,展开剂为氯仿-甲醇-水(30：10：1);显色剂为10％硫酸乙醇液。结果 黄芪甲苷在1023．2～8185．6ng范围内线性关系良好(r=0．9994),平均回收率为97．41％,RSD为0．64％。结论 该方法简便,专属性强,稳定性好,可作为复方黄芪片黄芪甲苷含量测定的质量控制标准。     

薄层扫描法测定贞芪扶正片中黄芪甲苷的含量

目的:制定贞芪扶正片中黄芪甲苷的含量测定方法。方法:采用薄层扫描法,以氯仿-甲醇-水(13:6:2)(10℃以下放置过夜)的下层溶液为展开剂,λ_s=530nm,λ_R=70nm,SX=3。结果:平均回收率为97.41％,r=0.9961,线性范围为1.0～6.0μg。结论:本方法可靠,数据准备,可作为贞芪扶正片中黄芪甲苷的含量测定方法。     

HPLC同时测定参坤养血颗粒中的毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、黄芪甲苷、丹参素和党参炔苷

目的：采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定参坤养血颗粒中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、黄芪甲苷、丹参素和党参炔苷的含量.方法：Hypersil C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）;流速1.0ml·min-1;流动相A为甲醇-乙腈（3∶2）,流动相B为0.2％甲酸溶液;检测波长λ1=260 nm（检测毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷）,检测波长λ2=210 nm（检测黄芪甲苷）,检测波长λ3=280 nm（检测丹参素和党参炔苷）.结果：毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、黄芪甲苷、丹参素和党参炔苷分别在0.012 8 ～0.256 0 μg（r =0.999 3）、0.015 2～0.304 0 μg（r =0.999 6）、0.039 4 ～0.788 0 μg（r =0.999 4）、0.100 6～2.012 0 μg（r =0.999 9）范围内进样量与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为98.19％、97.92％、98.13％、97.80％,RSD（n =6）分别为1.76％、1.41％、1.12％、1.19％.结论：该含量测定方法简便、准确、灵敏、重复性好,可作为参坤养血颗粒的含量控制方法.     

升白增免丸质量标准研究

目的对升白增免丸质量标准进行研究。方法采用薄层色谱法对黄芪、甘草进行色谱鉴别,在λS=530nm,λR=700nm用薄层扫描法测定黄芪甲苷的含量。结果薄层色谱法专属性较强,黄芪甲苷在1.02～5.1μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9998),平均回收率为96.16%,RSD=2.8%(n=5)。结论该法准确、可靠、重现性好,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

薄层扫描法测定健儿涂膜剂中黄芪甲苷含量

目的建立健儿涂膜剂中黄芪甲苷的含量测定方法。方法以氯仿 乙酸乙酯 甲醇 水(20：40：22：10)的下层溶液为展开剂， 用双波长薄层扫描法测定，λs＝530 nm，λR＝700 nm。结果黄芪甲苷在浓度0.5～2.5 μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系。回归方程为：Y=134 341.7X－31 359.2，r=0.999 7，平均加样回收率为96.56%，RSD=1.92%（n=5）。结论该法灵敏度高，重现性好，可用于该制剂中黄芪甲苷的含量测定及质量控制。     

Nachweis einiger Heilmittel in der Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit

Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.     

Emerging drugs for epilepsy

Epilepsy affects ≤ 1% of the world's population. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of treatment, although more than a third of patients are not rendered seizure free with existing medications. Uncontrolled epilepsy is associated with increased mortality and physical injuries, and a range of psychosocial morbidities, posing a substantial economic burden on individuals and society. Limitations of the present AEDs include suboptimal efficacy and their association with a host of adverse reactions. Continued efforts are being made in drug development to overcome these shortcomings employing a range of strategies, including modification of the structure of existing drugs, targeting novel molecular substrates and non-mechanism-based drug screening of compounds in traditional and newer animal models. This article reviews the need for new treatments and discusses some of the emerging compounds that have entered clinical development. The ultimate goal is to develop novel agents that can prevent the occurrence of seizures and the progression of epilepsy in at risk individuals.     

盐酸达泊西汀中甲磺酸甲酯、甲磺酸乙酯及甲磺酸异丙酯的顶空毛细管GC-ECD法测定

建立了衍生化顶空毛细管气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(ECD)法测定盐酸达泊西汀中的甲磺酸甲酯(MMS)、甲磺酸乙酯(EMS)和甲磺酸异丙酯(IMS).应用碘化钠衍生技术,使用PW-5毛细管柱,载气为氮气,ECD检测,程序升温.MMS、EMS和IMS分别在0.03～0.30、0.05～0.50和0.05～0.50 μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为63.5％、100.3％和96.2％,最低检测限分别为0.30、0.50和0.50 ng/ml.     

血管内皮生长因子的异常与子(癎)前期发病的关系

目的:研究血浆可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)浓度和胎盘组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、胎盘生长因子(PLGF)及其血管内皮生长因子受体1(VEGFR1,Flt-1)、可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体1(sVEGFR1,sFlt-1)mRNA的表达与子前期的关系.方法:采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测45例子前期患者和45例健康产妇血清sICAM-1的浓度,逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测胎盘组织中VEGF、PLGF、Flt-1、sFlt-1 mRNA的表达.结果:(1)子前期组sICAM-1水平为(218.45±29.93) μg/L,显著高于对照组的(168.84±19.39) μg/L(P < 0.01).(2)子前期患者胎盘组织VEGF、PLGF、Flt-1、sFlt-1 mRNA的相对表达量显著高于对照组(均P < 0.01).(3)血清sICAM-1浓度与胎盘组织中sFlt-1mRNA的相对表达量呈正相关(r = 0.90,P < 0.01).结论:子前期患者血清sICAM-1浓度升高,其胎盘组织VEGF、PLGF、Flt-1、sFlt-1 mRNA的相对表达量也升高.胎盘组织sFlt-1mRNA的高表达与子前期内皮损伤等有密切关系.     

Antiparasitic protozoan vaccines

Parasitic infections caused by pathogenic protozoa affect over 1 billion people worldwide and impose a substantial health and economic burden, particularly on inter-tropical less-developed countries where they are more prevalent. Despite encouraging progress in vaccine development, chemotherapy remains the single most effective, efficient and inexpensive means to control most parasitic infections [1]. However, day to day parasites are becoming increasingly resistant to drugs currently in use, such as Plasmodium towards chloroquine, lending to the start of a promising future for vaccines. Patent applications regarding vaccines for the prevention, control and diagnosis of parasitic protozoan infections are reviewed for the period December 1996 - October 2000. However, vaccines for some of the protozoan infections do not appear in the literature in the period reviewed; only, vaccines against malaria, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, cryptosporidiosis, pneumocystosis, eimeriosis, toxoplasmosis and neosporosis, as well as Babesia microti infections have been found.     

Binding affinity in drug design: experimental and computational techniques

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In pharmaceutical design where future drugs are developed by targeting a specific chosen protein, the evaluation of ligand affinity is crucial. For this very purpose are a multitude of diverse methods which are continuously being improved, which, in turn, makes it difficult to choose which techniques to use in practice.

Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss both experimental and computational approaches for affinity evaluation. Basic principles, general limitations and advantages, as well as main areas of application in drug discovery, are overviewed for some of the most popular ligand binding assays. The authors further provide a guide to affinity predictions, collectively covering several techniques that are used in the first stages of rational drug design.

Expert opinion: All affinity estimation methods have limitations and advantages that partially overlap and complement one another. Some of the suggested best practices include cross-verification of data using at least two different techniques and careful data interpretation.