不同剂型的垂盆草对急性肝损伤大鼠的防治作用

目的 探讨不同剂型的垂盆草对大鼠四氯化碳（CCl₄）急性肝损伤模型的保护作用。方法 Wistar大鼠80只,随机分成正常组、模型组、鲜垂盆草榨汁高、低剂量组及鲜垂盆草煎煮组、干垂盆草煎煮组、垂盆草颗粒组、垂盆草配方颗粒组。ig给药,1 次/d,连续7 d。第7天,除正常组外,给予大鼠ip 50% CCl₄橄榄油造模。观察大鼠的一般情况,检测肝功能指标总胆红素（Tbil）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）及肝组织丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、一氧化氮（NO）的含量和肝脏组织学变化情况。结果 干垂盆草煎煮组可显著降低大鼠肝质量。干垂盆草煎煮组、垂盆草颗粒组、垂盆草配方颗粒组均能降低大鼠血清ALT水平,干垂盆草煎煮组能降低大鼠血清AST水平。干垂盆草煎煮组、垂盆草颗粒组和垂盆草配方颗粒组均可降低大鼠肝组织MDA、NO的含量,提高大鼠肝组织SOD活力。干垂盆草煎煮组、垂盆草颗粒组、垂盆草配方颗粒组显著改善肝小叶细胞的变性和炎症坏死,减轻汇管区的炎细胞浸润。结论 干垂盆草煎煮液、垂盆草颗粒、垂盆草配方颗粒可保护CCl₄导致的大鼠急性肝损伤,且起到抗脂质过氧化的作用。     

复方垂盆草冲剂有效期测定

目的:测定复方垂盆草冲剂有效期。方法和结果:恒温加速试验法,以垂盆草苷为指标。测定复方垂盆草冲剂有效期为385.5d。结论:复方垂盆草冲剂质量在一年内有保障。     

垂盆草及其制剂的分析研究

本文报告了ODS串连键合氨基预柱,以甲醇—乙腈—水(2∶6∶100)为流动相和UVλ225nm检测,分离测定垂盆草甙的反相HPLC方法。为适于植物资源的快速分析,提出了组织液直按进样法。本法可用于垂盆草的新鲜植物、生药及各种制剂中垂盆草甙的定量分折。根据各种样品的测定结果,考察了垂盆草的产地、品种及采收期与垂盆草甙含量的相关性,探索了制剂工艺条件对质量的影响。     

垂盆草提取物对耐力训练大鼠血糖、肌糖原、肝糖原及血尿素氮的影响

目的探讨垂盆草提取物对耐力训练大鼠血糖、肌糖原、肝糖原及血尿素氮的影响,为垂盆草作为运动补剂提供理论依据。方法通过建立大强度耐力训练大鼠模型,测定运动大鼠血糖、肌糖原、肝糖原及血尿素氮影响。结果垂盆草力竭组大鼠血糖水平较运动力竭对照组升高25.62%,并有显著性差异(P<0.05)。垂盆草力竭组大鼠肌糖原含量较运动力竭对照组升高27.27%,亦有显著性差异(P<0.05)。垂盆草力竭组大鼠肝糖原含量较运动力竭对照组有显著升高(58.19%)(P<0.05)。垂盆草力竭组大鼠BUN含量较运动力竭对照组有显著下降(7.6%)(P<0.05)。结论垂盆草可以增加运动训练大鼠体内糖贮备,保证中枢神经系统、骨骼肌及红细胞等组织的能量供给,降低运动训练大鼠体内蛋白质分解代谢速率,保持肌力,延缓运动性疲劳的发生,从而提高运动能力。     

垂盆草浸膏和冲剂中垂盆草甙的含量测定

本文以垂盆草浸膏为对照品,用紫外分光光度法和薄层层析法对垂盆草浸膏和冲剂进行定量及定性分析,并分析实验结果,认为较满意。该方法适用于垂盆草各种样品的含量测定。     

垂盆草的研究进展

通过阅读大量的垂盆草相关研究文献,本文对其化学成分、药理作用、临床应用3个方面进行概述,为垂盆草的开发和利用提供有效的科学依据。     

垂盆草总黄酮的酶法提取及其抑菌活性

目的研究垂盆草总黄酮的酶法提取工艺及其抑菌作用。方法用酶解和煎煮相结合的方法,以总黄酮得率为指标,通过正交实验优选出最佳提取工艺,用平板打孔法考察垂盆草总黄酮的抑菌作用。结果垂盆草总黄酮的最佳酶解工艺条件是酶解温度50℃,酶解pH 6.0,酶用量0.6%,酶解时间1.5 h,其中酶解温度是显著影响因素。总黄酮得率可达3.471%。垂盆草总黄酮提取液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌和产气杆菌都有不同程度的抑菌作用,对四联球菌作用不明显。结论该实验得到的垂盆草总黄酮的提取工艺合理可行,提取率高,提取得到的总黄酮具有一定的抑菌作用。     

垂盆草中保肝降酶活性组分的筛选

景天科植物垂盆草 (ＳｅｄｕｍｓａｒｍｅｎｔｏｓｕｍＢｕｎｇｅ)是《中国药典》收载的常用中药之一 ,味甘、淡 ,性凉 ,具有清热解毒、利尿消肿之效 ,主治急、慢性肝炎。化学研究表明 ,垂盆草主要含有糖类、黄酮类、三帖类及垂盆草苷类[1] 。为了配合垂盆草药材活性组分的筛选 ,在垂盆草不同提取部位保肝降酶试验的基础上 ,对其有效部位———水溶性部分和脂溶性部分进行了化学成分的进一步分离 ,取从上述二部分分得的水溶性总苷和总黄酮进行了保肝降酶试验。现将方法和结果报道如下。1　仪器和材料1 1　ＵＶ - 75 4分光光度计 (上海第三分…     

复方垂盆草颗粒质量标准研究

目的：建立复方垂盆草颗粒（垂盆草,矮地茶）的质量标准。方法：采用TLC法对处方中垂盆草、矮地茶进行定性鉴别;用HPLC法测定矮地茶中岩白菜素的含量。结果：薄层色谱中阴性无干扰,专属性强;岩白菜素的线性范围为12．5μg-125μg,r=0．9997,平均加样回收率为96．33％,RSD为0．85％（n=5）。结论：该方法专属性强、准确,重现性好,可用作复方垂盆草颗粒的质量控制方法。     

复方垂盆草降酶颗粒微生物限度控制方法探讨

目的控制复方垂盆草降酶颗粒微生物限度,确保临床用药安全。方法根据复方垂盆草降酶颗粒制备工艺流程,从中药材的提取、喷雾制粒、颗粒包装、设备清洁、室内空气净化、人员操作等方面来探讨控制其微生物限度的方法。结果复方垂盆草降酶颗粒卫生学检验结果,细菌≤（160±37）cfu／g（正常范围≤1000cfu／g）,霉菌≤（10±5）cfu／g（正常范围≤100cfu／g）,未检出大肠埃希菌。结论通过质量控制,复方垂盆草降酶颗粒微生物限度稳定,符合药典标准。     

垂盆草对四环素所致非酒精性脂肪性肝病的保护作用

目的 探讨垂盆草对四环素所致非酒精性脂肪性肝病的作用,以及抗非酒精性脂肪肝作用的有效部位。方法 采用不同极性溶剂提取分离垂盆草的不同部位,即醇提部位、水提部位、正丁醇提取部位、乙酸乙酯提取部位,利用四环素所致非酒精性脂肪肝小鼠模型,采用生化法检测小鼠肝功能和血脂指标、HE染色检测病理组织学改变、生化法测定氧化损伤指标等,从而确证垂盆草的有效部位。结果 小鼠腹腔注射四环素24 h后,小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）升高、甘油三酯（TG） 和胆固醇（CHO）显著降低,肝组织丙二醛（MDA）显著升高,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著下降,肝脏的中央静脉和小叶间静脉周围出现肝细胞肿胀、水样变性等病理改变;与模型组比较,正丁醇提取部位能显著抑制血清转氨酶的升高,缓解血脂的降低;醇提部位和正丁醇提取部位可明显减轻上述病理改变;正丁醇提取部位对超氧化物歧化酶作用显著;此外,正丁醇提取部位中黄酮的含量高于醇提部位的黄酮量。结论 垂盆草的不同部位可显著缓解四环素所致小鼠脂肪肝的作用,尤其是正丁醇提取部位作用更强,其作用与其成分中含黄酮量高有关,其作用机制主要与增强其抗氧化损伤有关。     

Effect of Sedum sarmentosum Bunge Extract on Aristolochic Acid– Induced Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Injury

Aristolochic acid (AA) is known as a potent mutagen that induces significant cytotoxic and mutagenic effects on renal tubular epithelial cells. Clinically, the persistent injury of AA results in the infiltration of inflammatory cells, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. There are no truly effective pharmaceuticals. In this study, we investigated the potential role of the extract of Sedum sarmentosum Bunge (SSB), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on rat tubuloepithelial (NRK-52E) cells after AA injury in vitro. Evidence revealed that AA induced mitochondrial-pathway–mediated cellular apoptosis, accompanied by cell proliferation in a feedback mechanism. Treatment with SSB also induced cells to enter early apoptosis, but inhibited cell proliferation. In cultured NRK-52E cells, AA induced the imbalance of MMP-2/TIMP-2 and promoted EMT and ECM accumulation. SSB treatment significantly alleviated AA-induced NRK-52E cells fibrosis-like appearance, inhibited the induction of EMT, and deposition of ECM. SSB also decreased the activity of the NF-κB signaling pathway, resulting in down-regulated expression of NF-κB–controlled chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including MCP-1, MIF, and M-CSF, which may regulate the macrophage-mediated inflammatory reaction during renal fibrosis in vivo. Therefore, these findings suggest that SSB exerts protective effects against AA-induced tubular epithelial cells injury through suppressing the synthesis of inflammatory factors, EMT, and ECM production.     

楷木枝叶提取物抗水貂呕吐的药效及机制研究

目的 探讨楷木枝叶提取物(楷木提取物)抗水貂呕吐的药效及机制.方法 采用水貂作为模式动物,应用顺铂和1-苯基双胍盐酸盐(PBG)制造呕吐模型,记录水貂呕吐潜伏期、干呕及呕吐次数,同时用高效液相电化学法测水貂回肠5-羟色胺含量,全面观察和评价楷木枝叶提取物抗水貂呕吐的药效及其机制.结果 楷木枝叶提取物及组合物(楷木枝叶提取物与姜辣素按1:1混合)可抑制顺铂和1-苯基双胍盐酸盐所致的水貂呕吐行为,延长呕吐潜伏期,减少干呕次数(P<0.05);楷木枝叶提取物及组合物均可抑制顺铂和1-苯基双胍盐酸盐引起的5-羟色胺释放(P<0.05).结论 楷木枝叶提取物可以有效抑制呕吐反应,其机制涉及5-羟色胺系统.     

藏药镰形棘豆的镇痛抗炎活性

目的:对藏药镰形棘豆的镇痛和抗炎活性进行研究.方法:使用醋酸扭体法、热板法和福尔马林法确定镰形棘豆的镇痛效应和类型;使用二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳肿胀模型、卡拉胶诱导的小鼠腹腔炎模型和大鼠棉球肉芽肿模型探讨镰形棘豆的抗炎效应.结果:镰形棘豆总提取物经口服给药可明显减少由醋酸引起的小鼠扭体次数(57.2%);还可对抗由福尔马林诱发的第二相疼痛(40.1%);但是不能降低小鼠对热刺激的反应性.在抗炎试验中,镰形棘豆总提取物可显著地抑制模型小鼠的耳肿胀程度(58.0%)和白细胞的迁移(59.4%),以及模型大鼠肉芽组织的增生(49.2%).结论:镰形棘豆具有良好的外周镇痛活性,对急性炎症和慢性炎症都有较好的作用.     

两种景天属植物药中总黄酮的提取纯化

［摘要］目的探讨有效富集垂盆草、佛甲草总黄酮的方法。方法样品液加于大孔吸附树脂柱顶部,以乙醇洗脱富集总黄酮。再将大孔树脂富集物干法上样于聚酰胺柱,以乙醇洗脱富集总黄酮。结果通过大孔树脂 聚酰胺联用技术,使垂盆草、佛甲草的提取纯化物黄酮含量明显提高,总黄酮含量分别达68.9%和54.0%。结论该方法可较好地富集两种景天属植物药的总黄酮。     

中药败酱草的形态组织学研究 Ⅰ.败酱科植物

本文对败酱科败酱属的八种植物进行了生药形态组织的比较研究和描述,讨论了几种败酱根茎中周皮的发生部位以及木质部中薄壁组织环带的发生与发展,并指出北京延庆县采到的双蕊败酱与从其模式标本产地辽宁老铁山采得的标本虽然形态上相同,但组织构造上有显著差异。     

北马兜铃的化学成分研究——Ⅱ、马兜铃酸E的化学结构

From the root of Aristolochia contorta Bunge six chemical constituents were isolated; one of them is a new phenanthrene compound containing nitro group for which the name aristolochic acid E is suggested. By means of spectral methods combined with chemical analysis the chemical structure of aristolochic acid E was determined to be 7-methoxy-8-hydroxy-aristolochic acid. The other components were identified as allantoin, aristolochic acid A, magnoflorine, β-sitosterol and daucosterol respectively.     

A review of the literature and latest advances in research of Piper sarmentosum

Context: Piper sarmentosum Roxb. (Piperaceae) is a traditional medicinal as well as a culinary plant in South East Asian countries, whereby aerial parts of the plant are consumed as a vegetable in various forms and the whole plant or parts are used as folk remedies, alone or in combination with other herbs, to treat various ailments. The plant has extensively been investigated in a broad range of studies to provide scientific evidence for folklore claims or to find new therapeutic uses; however, heretofore, a summary of the data are not available.

Objective: In order to describe nutritional and therapeutic potential of P. sarmentosum and summarize scientific evidence that supports traditional claims, a literature review and latest advances in research of the plant are given herein.

Materials and methods: The literature has been retrieved from a number of databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, Science Direct and SciFinder. The articles related to synthetic work, ecology and agriculture have been excluded.

Results and discussion: The review has not only revealed a number of pharmacological activities supporting the traditional claims but indicates new prospects for the plant. Antiangiogenic activity and toxicity studies suggest the usage of the plant in treating diseases involving neo-vascularization. The available efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetic and stability data urge clinical studies on extracts of the plant.

Conclusion: The present review may be helpful to future researchers intending to investigate the plant and natural pharmaceutical industry for preparing evidence-based formulations.     

粘毛黄芩黄酮类成分的研究

粘毛黄芩Scutellaria viscidula Bunge为唇形科黄芩属植物,民间以其根或全草入药,谓其性味苦寒、具有清热、解毒、祛湿、止血的作用,最近临床报道该药对菌痢有显著疗效。鉴于粘毛黄芩的化学成分迄今未见报道,为此我们进行了较系统的研究,在生药的乙醚提取部分通过聚酰胺柱层析,获得8个黄酮甙元结晶,在其甲醇提取部分分离获得2个     

Taraxerone enhances alcohol oxidation via increases of alcohol dehyderogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities and gene expressions

The present study, taraxerone (d-friedoolean-14-en-3-one) was isolated from Sedum sarmentosum with purity 96.383%, and its enhancing effects on alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities were determined: EC₅₀ values were 512.42 ± 3.12 and 500.16 ± 3.23 μM for ADH and ALDH, respectively. In order to obtain more information on taraxerone related with the alcohol metabolism, 40% ethanol (5 mL/kg body weight) with 0.5–1 mM of taraxerone were administered to mice. The plasma alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations of taraxerone-treated groups were significantly lowered than those of the control group (p < 0.01): approximately 20–67% and 7–57% lowered for plasma alcohol and acetaldehyde, respectively. Compare to the control group, the ADH and ALDH expressions in the liver tissues were abruptly increased in the taraxerone-treated groups after ethanol exposure. In addition, taraxerone prevented catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione concentrations from the decrease induced by ethanol administration with the concentration dependent manner.