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1.
黄小敏 《海峡药学》2012,24(3):117-118
目的 探讨乳杆菌活菌胶囊联合甲硝唑栓治疗老年性阴道炎的疗效.方法 选择120例老年性阴道炎患者,对照组予以甲硝唑栓,阴道上药,每晚1粒,连用1周.观察组在对照组上述治疗的基础上予以乳杆菌活菌胶囊,阴道上药,每日晨1粒,连用1周.结果 治疗1周后,观察组的临床疗效明显优于对照组(x2=8.01,P<0.01).两组患者治疗前阴道pH值比较无明显统计学差异(P>0.05).治疗1周后两组患者的阴道pH值均较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),且观察组pH值下降幅度较对照组更明显(P<0.05).观察组治疗后6个月内复发3例,对照组治疗后6个月内复发14倒,观察组的复发率明显低干对照组(x2=8.29,P<0.01).结论 乳杆菌活菌胶囊联合甲硝唑栓治疗老年性阴道炎较单纯应用甲硝唑栓疗效更佳,复发率低,乳杆菌活菌胶囊通过调整阴道菌群失调,降低阴道pH值,达到平衡阴道内的微生态环境作用.  相似文献   

2.
目的:从微生态角度观察大肠癌术后腹泻的临床治疗。方法:治疗组:32例大肠癌术后患者服用贝飞达胶囊3粒/次、2次/日口服。对照组:32例大肠癌术后患者服用氟哌酸胶囊0.2g/次、3次/日口服.治疗前后观察粪便中三种菌比变化。结果:治疗组总有效率90%治疗后正常菌群高于对照组,有显著差异。结论:贝飞达胶囊能有效治疗大肠癌术后腹泻。  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊联合早期肠内营养对危重病患者营养状况及胃肠道并发症的影响。方法:ICU住院患者84例随机分为观察组42例和对照组42例。两组患者入院后均早期留置胃管鼻饲行肠内营养支持治疗,予肠内营养混悬液(百普力)恒速灌注,开始为500 ml·d-1,后逐渐加量至1 000~2 000 ml·d-1。观察组患者在此基础上加用酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊0.4 g水化后自胃管注入,tid,连用2周。比较两组患者治疗前后营养状况变化及胃肠道并发症。结果:治疗2周后,两组患者血清白蛋白(Alb)、血红蛋白(Hb)及上臂三头肌肌围(MAMC)水平均较前明显下降(P<0.05或0.01),但观察组下降幅度明显低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗期间,观察组患者胃肠道并发症发生率(7.14%)明显低于对照组(23.81%)(P<0.05)。结论:酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊与早期肠内营养联合应用于危重病患者,可减缓患者营养状况恶化,改善患者胃肠道功能,降低胃肠道并发症发生,疗效明显优于单纯的早期肠内营养治疗。  相似文献   

4.
目的观察阴道炎患者阴道微生态环境恢复治疗中乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊的临床作用。方法132例阴道炎患者,随机分为观察组与对照组,各66例。观察组在抗菌药物基础上加用乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊治疗,对照组采用单纯抗菌药物治疗。观察比较两组治疗后的临床疗效、阴道pH值≤4.5比例、阴道乳酸杆菌数量、阴道菌群密集度及阴道菌群多样性。结果观察组的临床总有效率为93.94%,高于对照组的78.79%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组中阴道pH值下降≤4.5比例60.61%高于对照组的22.73%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组中阴道乳酸杆菌计数>2+比例69.70%高于对照组的12.12%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组中阴道菌群密集度集中在2级比例63.64%高于对照组的30.30%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组中阴道菌群多样性集中在1级比例75.76%高于对照组的36.36%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊治疗阴道炎可有效促进阴道微生态环境恢复,值得推广。  相似文献   

5.
目的观察健康受试者用酪酸梭菌、双歧杆菌胶囊后肠道菌群的变化。方法健康受试者30例,随机均分为3个剂量组,每组10例,剂量分别为每天0.84,1.68和3.36g,分2次口服,共10天。用药前后,分别进行大便常规检查和细菌定量培养。结果用药前后,其大便色泽、性状无明显变化,而大便pH值较用药前均显著降低(P〈0.001);用药后,3组肠道菌群中有益菌有增加趋势,均检出酪酸梭菌,并与剂量呈正相关;双歧杆菌较用药前有增加趋势,特别是大剂量组增加明显(P〈0.05);其他菌群数量无显著变化。不同性别健康受试者,小剂量组肠球菌、大剂量组双歧杆菌用药后男女有明显差异外(P〈0.05,P〈0.01),其他各组肠道菌群数量变化无性别差异(P〉0.05)。结论酪酸梭菌、双歧杆菌胶囊中的酪酸梭菌、双歧杆菌可在肠道定植、发育和增殖,并能抑制致病菌繁殖生长。  相似文献   

6.
目的评价氟康唑和联苯苄唑溶液联合治疗皮肤浅部真菌病的疗效及安全性。方法选取我院在2014年10月至2015年9月期间皮肤科门诊收治的147例患者,花斑癣、体股癣、手足癣患者每周服用一次氟康唑胶囊150 mg,糠秕孢子菌性毛囊炎患者每周服用2次氟康唑胶囊150 mg(隔3 d一次),所有患者每日用清水洗净患处后,将联苯苄唑溶液均匀喷于局部,每天1~2次。用药前及疗程结束后1、4周评价临床及真菌学疗效。结果疗程结束1周后平均痊愈率74.8%,有效率89.8%,真菌清除率90.5%,不良反应轻,4周后痊愈率及有效率均有所上升。结论氟康唑联合联苯苄唑溶液治疗皮肤浅部真菌病起效快、疗程短、疗效好、持续时间长、耐受性好、安全性高。  相似文献   

7.
目的研究小续命汤对急性脑缺血再灌注大鼠肠道屏障及肠道菌群结构的影响。方法利用HE染色、透射电镜检测以及血浆中内毒素LPS浓度监测,研究小续命汤治疗下,急性脑缺血再灌注大鼠回肠组织肠道屏障变化,并采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对大鼠粪便细菌16S rDNA基因V3-V4区进行全面特征分析。结果 MCAO模型大鼠回肠组织粘膜层水肿及毛细淋巴管扩张严重,上皮细胞、杯状细胞、线粒体结构以及微绒毛均出现严重的病理变化,并且外周血中LPS浓度显著升高。经小续命汤治疗后,大鼠回肠组织屏障结构在一定程度上得到恢复,LPS浓度显著下降。肠道菌群测序结果显示,在10个菌门、18个菌纲、23个菌目、40个菌科和119个菌属水平上,MCAO模型大鼠的肠道菌群多样性和丰富度均显著下降,小续命汤治疗大鼠在肠道菌群多样性和丰富度方面则具有显著的回调趋势。进一步对差异性菌群分析发现,MCAO大鼠肠道菌群结构紊乱主要表现为肠道内肠杆菌等炎症致病菌增加,普雷沃氏菌属等代谢相关有益菌减少;而小续命汤治疗对普雷沃氏菌属和埃希氏菌属-志贺氏菌属等菌群的丰度均有回调作用。结论小续命汤可以部分恢复由急性脑缺血再灌注损伤影响的肠道屏障功能,并通过回调肠道菌群多样性和丰富度,增加代谢相关有益菌和减少炎症相关致病菌调节肠道菌群稳态。研究结果将为多角度阐释小续命汤治疗缺血性脑卒中作用机制做出有益尝试。  相似文献   

8.
双歧三联活菌对肝硬化患者肠道菌群和血浆内毒素的影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
郑贤干 《海峡药学》2009,21(1):109-111
目的探讨双歧三联活菌对肝硬化患者肠道菌群、血浆内毒素和肝功能的影响,方法选择60例乙型病毒性肝炎肝硬化患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组.对照组予以常规保肝治疗,治疗组在对照组常规保肝治疗的基础上加服双歧三联活菌胶囊,每日2次,每次2粒,疗程为2周。观察两组患者治疗前后肠道菌群菌落计数、血浆内毒素和肝功能变化。结果治疗组患者口服双歧三联活菌制剂2周后,肠球菌、双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的菌落数均较治疗前明显增加,而酵母样真菌菌落数较治疗前显著降低,同时患者血浆内毒素水平和血浆中ALT和AST较治疗前明显下降。而对照组患者治疗前后肠道菌群、血浆内毒素水平和血浆中ALT和AST无明显变化。结论口服双歧三联活菌胶囊可迅速纠正肝硬化患者存在的肠道菌群失调,并继而降低其血浆内毒素水平和改善肝功能,对肝硬化有显著的辅助治疗作用。  相似文献   

9.
目的:观察乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊治疗复发性阴道炎的疗效。方法:将门诊200例复发性阴道炎患者按照优势菌及菌群密集度、多样性的不同、特殊菌群的检出、机体炎性反应及临床表现分为4组,每组50例。A组:阴道炎治疗后仍有症状,阴道微生态表现无优势菌、密集度+、多样性+,给予重点恢复阴道酸性环境、补充乳酸杆菌,阴道用乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊5 d,每晚1次。B组:阴道炎治疗后仍有症状,阴道微生态表现革兰阳性球菌或革兰阴性杆菌为优势菌,密集度及多样性为~,给予恢复阴道酸性环境,分别应用针对革兰阳性球菌或针对革兰阴性杆菌为主的抗生素治疗1周,阴道用乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊5 d,每晚1次。C组:滴虫感染,镜下见滴虫,给予口服硝唑类治疗1周后,用乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊5 d,每晚1次。D组:假丝酵母菌性阴道炎复发,镜下看见菌丝或孢子,菌群失调,临床有外阴瘙痒症状,白带典型或不典型,口服氟康唑150 m g(第1日)同时阴道用达克宁400 m g,每晚1次,连用3 d,停药后阴道用乳杆菌活菌胶囊5 d,每晚1次,评定疗效。结果:A、B、C、D 4组治愈率分别为98%,96%,96%,88%,有效率分别为100%,98%,98%,92%,3个月内复发率分别为0%,2%,2%,6%,不良反应发生率低。结论:乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊治疗各种复发性阴道炎均有效。  相似文献   

10.
目的:观察乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊治疗复发性阴道炎的疗效.方法:将门诊200例复发性阴道炎患者按照优势菌及菌群密集度,多样性的不同、特殊菌群的检出,机体炎性反应及临床表现分为4组,每组50例.A组:阴道炎治疗后仍有症状,阴道微生态表现无优势菌、密集度+、多样性+,给予重点恢复阴道酸性环境、补充乳酸杆菌,阴道用乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊5 d,每晚1次.B组:阴道炎治疗后仍有症状,阴道微生态表现革兰阳性球菌或革兰阴性杆菌为优势菌,密集度及多样性为(Ⅲ)~(Ⅲ),给予恢复阴道酸性环境,分别应用针对革兰阳性球菌或针对革兰阴性杆菌为主的抗生素治疗1周,阴道用乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊5 d,每晚1次.C组:滴虫感染,镜下见滴虫,给予口服硝唑类治疗1周后,用乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊5 d,每晚1次.D组:假丝酵母菌性阴道炎复发,镜下看见菌丝或孢子,菌群失调,临床有外阴瘙瘁症状,白带典型或不典型,口服氟康唑150 mg(第1日)同时阴道用达克宁400 mg,每晚1次,连用3 d,停药后阴道用乳杆菌活菌胶囊5 d,每晚1次,评定疗效.结果:A、B、C、D 4组治愈率分别为98%,96%,96%,88%,有效率分别为100%,98%,98%,92%,3个月内复发率分别为0%,2%,2%,6%,不良反应发生率低.结论:乳酸杆菌活菌胶囊治疗各种复发性阴道炎均有效.  相似文献   

11.
目的:观察双歧杆菌三联活茵胶囊预防机械通气患者肠内营养相关性腹泻的疗效。方法:74例机械通气患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各37例。两组患者均使用鼻饲肠内营养,治疗组在此基础上加用双歧杆菌三联活茵胶囊,1周后观察两组患者腹泻、菌群失调发生情况,粪便中S-IgA含量及药物不良反应。结果:鼻饲7d后.治疗组腹泻及菌群失调率均明显低于对照组(P〈0.05)。对照组鼻饲前后粪便中S-IgA含量差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),治疗组鼻饲7d后粪便中S-IgA含量较前明显增加(P〈0.01),且与对照组鼻饲后比较,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。两组患者治疗期间未见明显药物不良反应。结论:机械通气患者鼻饲肠内营养液加入双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊能减少腹泻发生率、肠道菌群失调率,有利于患者营养供应,促进患者康复,安全性好。  相似文献   

12.
目的:研究双歧杆菌联合左卡尼汀对菌群失调腹泻模型大鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法:将30只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、益生菌组(双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊70 mg/mL)、左卡尼汀组(左卡尼汀注射液50 mg/mL)和左卡尼汀+益生菌组(左卡尼汀注射液50 mg/mL+双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊70 mg/mL)。除空白对照组外,其余各组大鼠均连续灌胃50 mg/mL克林霉素磷酸酯(2 mL/只,每天1次,连续4天)以建立菌群失调腹泻模型。实验第5天起进入恢复期,各给药组大鼠开始灌胃相应药物,空白对照组和模型组大鼠灌胃等体积生理盐水;灌胃体积均为1 mL/只,每天1次,连续给药7天。实验期间观察各组大鼠的一般情况;收集造模期结束时正常对照组和模型组大鼠的粪便以及恢复期末次给药后各组大鼠的粪便,分别进行肠道菌群基因组DNA提取与聚合酶链式反应扩增、文库构建和高通量测序,并对处理后的有效数据进行操作分类单元聚类、物种注释以及肠道菌群的Alpha和Beta多样性分析。结果:造模期结束时,与空白对照组比较,模型组大鼠开始出现1级和2级粪便,肠道菌群的多样性、丰富度以及肠道中厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值和乳杆菌属、双歧杆菌属和阿克曼氏菌属等益生菌的丰度均显著降低(P<0.05),而肠球菌属等致病菌的丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。恢复期结束时,与模型组比较,益生菌组、左卡尼汀组和左卡尼汀+益生菌组大鼠的活动量和粪便的形态、颜色恢复至正常,肠道菌群的多样性和丰富度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其肠道中乳杆菌属的丰度有一定提高,且左卡尼汀+益生菌组大鼠肠道中阿克曼氏菌属的丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:双歧杆菌联合左卡尼汀虽对提高菌群失调腹泻模型大鼠肠道菌群的多样性和丰富度无显著效果,但能在一定程度上增加其肠道中益生菌的丰度。  相似文献   

13.
Cefprozil (CFPZ, BMY-28100), a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic, was studied for its effect on the intestinal bacterial flora in pediatric patients. The subjects were children admitted for infections (2 males and 2 females, 9 months to 6 years 3 months old, weighed 4.3 to 19.0 kg). CFPZ granule was orally administered at a dose between 10.0 to 11.6 mg/kg, 3 doses daily, over 4 to 14 days. The feces from these children were collected before, during and after administration, and bacteria were identified and counted. CFPZ concentration, beta-lactamase activity were also assayed. Bacterial flora in feces during CFPZ administration showed some variance, but no significant change was observed in main aerobes and anaerobes. And in no case, glucose nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli or fungi were found dominant. beta-Lactamase activity was positive in the feces in all cases. CFPZ concentrations were not detectable in feces before, during and after administration. The above results suggest that CFPZ is a drug with little influence on the intestinal bacterial flora in children.  相似文献   

14.
Aztreonam (AZT), a new injectable monobactam antibiotic, was administered to 7 healthy male volunteers, aged 21-28 years (23 years, on average) and weighing 60.5-87.0 kg, (69.5 kg, on average) by one shot intravenous injection of 1,000 mg twice a day for 5 days. The effect of AZT on the fecal flora was studied 3 days before administration, on the day of the initiation, 3 and 5 days (end of the administration course) after the initiation, and 3, 5 and 10 days after the end of the administration. Fecal concentration of AZT was also studied. Also, fecal concentration and recovery rate of AZT in 4 healthy male volunteers aged 23-31 years (26 years, on average), weighing 59.5-70.5 kg (65.6 kg, on average) were measured by injecting 1,000 mg of AZT by intravenous injection only one time. Susceptibility of the bacteria isolated from the 7 cases receiving consecutive dosage to AZT, cefmetazole (CMZ), latamoxef (LMOX), cefoperazone (CPZ) and ceftazidime (CAZ) as well as side effect and laboratory values were examined with the following results. In the fecal flora, the population of Enterobacteriaceae on average was 10(7) cells/g feces on the day of the initiation and decreased by 2 logarithms to 10(5) cells/g 3 days after the initiation, 10(5) cells/g feces 5 days after the initiation with no bacterial isolation in 2 cases, 10(7) cells/g feces on 3 and 5 days after the end of administration respectively with recovery of the population to the average population on the day of the initiation. However, it increased 10 days after the end of administration with the population of 10(9) cells/g feces due to the isolation of one 10(10) cells/g feces, which was an increase by 2 logarithms as compared with average population before the administration. It was also higher than the average population 3 days before the initiation of administration. Temporal decrease or disappearance of the bacteria were noted by the administration of AZT. As to other cases of Gram-negative bacilli, Pseudomonas sp. was detected from only 2 cases 3 days before the initiation of administration and on the day of the initiation, but there was an increase to 4 and 5 cases 3 and 5 days after the initiation respectively. Number of isolation returned to 2 cases, 3, 5 and 10 days after the end of administration respectively and it was same as the number before the initiation of administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   

15.
李新莉  吴大畅  张翠丽  辛毅 《中国药房》2012,(33):3089-3091
目的:比较盐酸林可霉素(LIH)与头孢拉定(CED)对BALB/c小鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法:将BALB/c小鼠随机分为LIH(330mg·kg-1)组和CED(165mg·kg-1)组,每组10只,分别灌服相应药物10d,停药7d,应用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术,对给药前和给药3、10d以及停药7d后2组小鼠粪便中的肠道菌群进行相似性、多样性分析及优势条带的序列分析。结果:2组给药前和停药7d后的肠道菌群结构相似,给药3、10d的肠道菌群结构相似,但2组给药前后菌群结构差异较大。实验期间2组肠道菌群均分为4个菌簇,其中LIH组给药前粪便标本中Clostridium carboxidivorans是定植菌,给药3d后卟啉单胞菌成为定植菌,Clostridium carboxidivorans消失;CED组给药前和给药3d的粪便标本中Clostridium carboxidivorans是定植菌,给药10d后卟啉单胞菌成为定植菌,Clostridium carboxidivorans消失;另2个菌簇在2组给药前后均变化不大。结论:2种药均可杀灭肠道中的定植菌Clostridium carboxidivorans,并在用药过程中产生致病菌卟啉单胞菌,导致肠道菌群失调。  相似文献   

16.
Cefpirome (CPR, HR810), a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, was studied for its effect on the intestinal bacterial flora in pediatric patients. The subjects were children admitted for infections (6 males and 3 females, 1 month to 5 years 1 month old, weighted 3.94 to 21.0 kg). CPR was intravenously administered at a dose between 19.0 to 40.0 mg/kg, 3 to 4 doses daily over 6 to 12 days. The feces from these children were collected before, during, and after administration, and bacteria were identified and counted. CPR concentration, beta-lactamase activity, and Clostridium difficile D-1 antigen were also assayed. Bacterial flora changes in feces during CPR administration showed some variance, but generally 5 cases out of the 9 showed a significant decrease in Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus faecalis among aerobic bacteria. The other 4 cases showed some transient decrease, but no significant change was observed. No significant changes were recognized for Enterococcus avium and Enterococcus faecium, and the total aerobic bacterial count decreased in a transient manner in only one patient. Regarding anaerobic bacteria, Bifidobacterium and Eubactrium revealed a significant decrease, a transient decrease or no change from case to case. Bacteroides showed little change in count. Consequently, the total anaerobic bacteria count did not reveal a large change aside from 1 case in which Bacteroides was not detected before administration and a significant decrease of other bacteria was noted. In no case, glucose nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli or fungi were found dominant. Although C. difficile and C. difficile D-1 antigen were detected in 3 and 4 cases, respectively, there was no exact relationship between the number of C. difficile and the characteristics of the feces. CPR was detected in fecal samples from 6 cases during administration with concentrations ranging between 1.20 to 22.4 micrograms/g. High values of CPR tended to be found in specimens with low beta-lactamase activity in the feces. When drug sensitivities of the bacteria isolated from feces before and after administration were compared, higher levels of resistance were found in some bacteria such as Enterococci and Bacteroides during or after administration than before administration. The above results suggest that CPR is a drug with a relatively small influence on the intestinal bacterial flora in children, but a particular attention is required for diarrhea and microbial replacement during a continuous, long-term administration of the drug.  相似文献   

17.
S6472 is a mixture of cefaclor (CCL) granules with gastric-soluble coating and those with enteric-soluble coating at the ratio (in potency) of 4 to 6. With administration of this formulation, a prolonged blood level of CCL is obtained. S6472 and CCL were administered orally to 19 healthy male volunteers between 20 and 27 years of age (mean: 23 years) weighing between 51 and 80 kg (mean: 64.7 kg). Four subjects were given 2 capsules and 5 subjects were given 4 capsules each containing 187.5 mg of S6472, 30 minutes after breakfast and supper for 5 days. Five subjects were given 1 capsule and 5 subjects were given 2 capsules each containing 250 mg of CCL 30 minutes after breakfast, lunch and supper for 5 days. The number of fecal bacteria was examined 5 days before the start of administration, the day of the start of administration, 3 and 5 days after the start of administration, and 3, 5 and 10 days after the end of administration. Concentration of CCL in feces and susceptibility of isolated fecal bacteria (at the inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml) to CCL were examined. Adverse reactions and the effects on laboratory test values were also checked. In 4 subjects receiving 375 mg of S6472 twice a day, the mean population of E. coli was 10(7)-10(9) cells/g feces on all days of observation. There was no effect on the population of Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp. Enterobacter sp. and other Enterobacteriaceae. The mean population of all Enterobacteriaceae was 10(8)-10(9) cells/g feces on all days of observation. The population of other Gram-negative bacilli did not show a consistent change, either. There was no effect on the population of Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus sp., Enterococcus, sp., Micrococcus sp., and of Candida sp. Among anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides sp. showed the mean population of 10(10) cells/g feces on all days of examination. C. difficile was isolated from 2 subjects out of 4 at the level of 10(2)-10(3) cells/g feces 5 days after the start of administration and 3 days after the end of administration. However, there was no production of toxin in either of the 2 subjects. In another subject, C. difficile was isolated at 10(2)-10(4) cells/g feces with a toxin titre of 10(-3)-10(-4) 3 and 5 days after the start of administration and 10 days after the end of administration. The total population of anaerobic bacteria was 10(10)-10(11) cells/g feces on all days of examination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   

18.
A double-blind trial involving two parallel groups of healthy volunteers was carried out in order to determine whether Carbolevure was capable of decreasing the over-production of intestinal gas induced by the ingestion of 15 ml of lactulose, a synthetic disaccharide not absorbed by the small intestine. Catabolism of this substrate by the anaerobic bacterial flora produces hydrogen, a constant fraction of which diffuses from the intestinal lumen into the blood, later to be excreted in expired air. Hydrogen levels were measured in air samples collected at the end of forced expiration. This hydrogen respiratory test was carried out before and after administration of Carbolevure to 17 volunteers or of a placebo to 15 volunteers, at a dose of three capsules morning and evening for seven days. Comparison of measurements of expired hydrogen by the subjects before and after administration showed a decrease in both groups. However, this decrease was statistically significant only in the group of volunteers having received Carbolevure.  相似文献   

19.
The influence of cefdinir (CFDN), a new oral cephalosporin, on the intestinal bacterial flora was studied in tetra-contaminated mice and in pediatric patients. CFDN in fine granules was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg once a day for 5 consecutive days to mice contaminated with 4 different species of organism: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacteroides fragilis and Bifidobacterium breve. No remarkable changes were observed in the fecal viable cell counts except that decreases in E. coli counts were observed on the day 3 to 5 after starting administration. The subjects in pediatric study were 7 children with infections, 3 boys and 4 girls, with their ages from 6 months to 12 years 7 months. Their body weights ranged from 5.5 to 29.2 kg. CFDN fine granules was administered at each dose of 3.0 mg/kg to 3.7 mg/kg, 3 times a day for 4 to 14 days. During the administration of CFDN, some variations were observed in the pattern of changes in the fecal bacterial flora between subjects. Although Enterobacteriaceae and total counts of anaerobes were markedly decreased in 2 cases, total counts of aerobes were unchanged in the 2 cases, whereas main aerobes and anaerobes except enterococci hardly varied in the other cases. There was no case in which glucose non-fermenting Gram-negative rods and fungi became predominant species continually. Although Clostridium difficile and C. difficile D-1 antigens were detected in 1 and 4 cases, respectively, no relationship was found between the number of C. difficile and the characteristics of the feces. With regard to the drug sensitivities of bacteria isolated from feces before and after administration of CFDN, higher levels of resistance were found in some bacteria such as Enterococcus and Bacteroides during or after administration than before administration. CFDN was detected in fecal samples from 2 cases during administration with concentrations ranging between 0.99-254 micrograms/g. High value of CFDN was found in a case with low beta-lactamase activity in feces, in which marked decrease of Enterobacteriaceae and total counts of anaerobes was observed. The above results suggest that CFDN is considered to be a drug with relatively small influence on the intestinal bacterial flora. But as high concentrations of drugs were detected in feces under some circumstances, our attention will be required. Particular care is also required for the occurrence of diarrhea and microbial replacement during continuous, long-term administration of the drug.  相似文献   

20.
Influence of cefroxadine (CXD) dry syrup on intestinal bacterial flora was studied in mice infected with 4 species of bacteria, namely, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacteroides fragilis and Bifidobacterium breve, and in pediatric patients having infections in the respiratory tract and cutaneous/soft tissues. The results were summarized as follows: CXD dry syrup was administered for 5 consecutive days to mice infected with the 4 species. No considerable changes were observed in levels of bacteria in the feces and in different parts of digestive tracts. Eleven pediatric patients were orally administered with 30-54 mg/kg of CXD dry syrup a day for 7-15 consecutive days. Symptom of diarrhea was noted in 2 patients. Dominant species of the intestinal flora such as E. coli, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides sometimes decreased in patients treated with CXD dry syrup. In general, however, decreases in numbers of these bacteria were insignificant. Changes of intestinal flora in patients treated with CXD dry syrup were apparently smaller than those treated with ampicillin and were similar to those treated with cephalexin or amoxicillin.  相似文献   

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