复方苦参注射液用于化疗的观察

目的：观察复方苦参注射液在恶性肿瘤化疗中的作用。方法：应用苦参注射液配合化疗治疗恶性肿瘤50例（实验组）与单纯化疗组50例对照。结果：实验组恶心、呕吐、肝功能损害发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）,粘膜炎、腹泻轻于对照组,两组比较有明显差异。实验组白细胞降低的程度低于对照组（P〈0.05）,结论：恶性肿瘤化疗时联合使用复方苦参注射液,可明显减轻化疗毒副作用,提高患者对化疗的耐受性。     

复方苦参注射液联合化疗治疗老年肿瘤的临床观察

目的:观察复方苦参注射液在老年肿瘤治疗中的作用。方法:应用复方苦参注射液配合化疗治疗老年恶性肿瘤59例(实验组)与单纯化疗组47例(对照组)对照。结果:实验组中腹痛、肝功能损害、骨髓抑制特别是Ⅲ、Ⅳ度骨髓抑制、恶心、呕吐、腹泻均明显低于对照组,2组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);其疾病进展率较对照组明显降低,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组治疗有效率高于对照组,但差异不显著,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:复方苦参注射液在保护骨髓、提高生活质量和减轻化疗不良反应方面具有较好功效,对延缓肿瘤进展有一定辅助作用。     

复方苦参注射液辅助化疗治疗晚期消化道肿瘤的疗效观察

目的:观察复方苦参注射液联合化疗治疗晚期消化道肿瘤的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析120例晚期消化道恶性肿瘤患者,随机分为综合组60例(复方苦参注射液加FP方案化疗组)和化疗组60例。化疗4周为1个疗程,均化疗2～4个疗程。对比分析了2组患者化疗不良反应、KPS评分及疼痛改善情况。结果:综合组患者的恶心、呕吐,白细胞减少、血红蛋白下降,腹泻、黏膜炎发生率均低于化疗组,有明显的差异(P<0.01);2组的神经毒性、肝肾功能异常比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。综合组KPS评分明显有效率及疼痛缓解率分别为71.67%、73.3%;化疗组KPS评分明显有效率及疼痛缓解率低于综合组,2组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:复方苦参注射液配合化疗,明显减轻化疗不良反应,提高患者对化疗的耐受能力,提高患者生活质量,对消化道肿瘤患者具有较多获益,具有广泛应有价值。     

复方苦参注射液对胃癌化疗毒副作用的影响

目的：观察复方苦参注射液在胃癌联合化疗中的作用。方法：将56例胃癌患者分为两组,实验组28例,应用复方苦参注射液配合化疗治疗胃癌;对照组28例,仅单纯化疗。结果：实验组恶心、呕吐、疼痛、肝肾功能损害、白细胞降低等发生率均低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：胃癌化疗时联合使用复方苦参注射液可明显减轻化疗毒副作用,提高疗效及患者耐受性。     

复方苦参注射液用于血液病辅助化疗的观察

目的：观察复方苦参注射液在恶性血液病辅助化疗中的作用。方法：应用复方苦参注射液配合化疗治疗恶性血液病60例（实验组）与单纯化疗组60例对照。结果：实验组恶心、呕吐、腹泻发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05），实验组化疗后白细胞、血红蛋白、血小板计数的最低值高于对照组（P〈0．05）。化疗后实验组的粒细胞缺乏持续时间、感染发生的时间较对照纽时间短，实验组感染后最高体温较对照组低，实验组感染发生率较对照组低（P均〈0．05）。结论：恶性血液痛化疗时联合使用复方苦参注射液，可见明显减轻化疗不良反应，提高化疗的耐受性。     

复方苦参注射液联合化疗治疗消化道肿瘤的疗效分析

目的观察复方苦参注射液联合化疗治疗消化道肿瘤患者的临床疗效分析。方法回顾性分析从2009年1月至2010年10月深圳市宝安区人民医院住院的晚期消化道恶性肿瘤患者,共137例,随机分为治疗组70例(复方苦参注射液加化疗方案)和对照组(单纯化疗)67例。化疗2~4个疗程,4周为1个疗程。比较两组患者的KPS评分、化疗不良反应及疼痛改善情况。结果治疗组患者的不良反应的发生率均低于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);治疗组KPS评分明显有效率及疼痛缓解率分别为74.29%、73.64%,高于对照组,具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论复方苦参注射液配合化疗,明显减轻化疗不良反应,提高患者生活质量,对消化道肿瘤患者具有较多获益,值得临床推广应用。     

复方苦参注射液联合化疗治疗晚期乳腺癌60例临床观察

目的观察复方苦参注射液联合CTF方案化疗治疗晚期乳腺癌的安全性及疗效。方法将60例患者随机分为2组。治疗组30例,采用复方苦参注射液联合CTF方案化疗;对照组30例,单纯用CTF方案化疗。比较两组近期实体瘤疗效、生活质量改善以及不良反应。结果近期疗效有效率治疗组63.3%,对照组56.7%,两组比较无显着性差异(P>0.05)。治疗组生活质量评分(KPS)好转率治疗组56.7%,对照组36.7%,两组比较有显着性差异(P<0.05)。治疗组化疗后白细胞降低,但对照组下降更为明显(P<0.05)。结论复方苦参注射液在晚期乳腺癌化疗中有减毒增效、提高生存质量的作用。     

复方苦参注射液在辅助白血病化疗中的减毒作用

目的:观察复方苦参注射液在辅助白血病化疗中的减毒作用。方法:70例确诊为急性髓细胞白血病患者随机均分为A、B组,2组患者均接受至少2个疗程的标准方案化疗。2组进行前瞻性、自身前后交叉对照研究。A组于第1个化疗周期(10d)同时加用复方苦参注射液(治疗期),第2个化疗周期(10d)仅用化疗方案作为对照(对照期);B组反之。观察比较2组治疗前后的白细胞水平、生存质量(KPS)评分和不良反应。结果:2组总有效率比较差异无统计学意义;治疗期患者白细胞减少情况明显优于对照期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗期KPS评分亦明显高于对照期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:复方苦参注射液辅助白血病化疗可以减轻骨髓抑制毒副反应,提高患者生存质量。     

复方苦参注射液联合化疗治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤的疗效观察

目的观察复方苦参注射液联合化疗治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤的疗效。方法 2010年1月～2011年1月我院共收治中晚期恶性肿瘤患者42例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各21例,治疗组化疗同时联合复方苦参注射液静滴,对照组单用纯化疗,观察两组临床疗效及不良反应。结果治疗组有效率52.38%,对照组有效率33.33%,2组近期疗效比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。治疗组白细胞、血小板降低发生率均较对照组低,且组间比较差异具有显著性。结论复方苦参注射液联合化疗治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤能可提高疗效,明显改善患者生活质量,减轻化疗的不良反应。     

复方苦参注射液联合GP方案化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的:观察复方苦参注射液联合GP(吉西他滨+顺铂)化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的临床疗效.方法:将62 例不能手术或术后复发的NSCLC患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组31 例,治疗组采用复方苦参注射液配合GP方案化疗,21 d为1 个周期,连用2 个周期;对照组应用GP方案化疗,观察近期疗效、生活质量变化、毒副反应等情况.结果:两组近期总缓解率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但治疗组生活质量明显改善,毒副作用低于对照组.结论:复方苦参注射液联合GP化疗具有改善晚期NSCLC患者的生存质量,减轻化疗毒副反应的作用.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.