HPLC法测定通肠理气合剂中大黄素和大黄酚的含量

目的建立通肠理气合剂中大黄素和大黄酚的含量测定方法。方法高效液相色谱法。采用Symmetry C18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(80∶20),检测波长为290nm。结果此方法线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为:大黄素99.51%,RSD=0.76%;大黄酚99.26%,RSD=0.92%。结论此方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于本品的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定大黄通便颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚的含量

建立大黄通便颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量的HPLC测定方法.采用Spherixorb C18色谱柱,流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(90:10),流速:0.8ml·min-1,检测波长:254nm.线性范围:大黄素0.0135～0.2160μg(r=0.9998),大黄酚0.0240～0.3840μg(r=0.9995).平均加样回收率(n=5)分别为大黄素100.8%,RSD=1.1%;大黄酚100.2%,RSD=0.8%.本法简便,快速,结果准确.     

高效液相色谱法测定四黄膏中大黄素、大黄酚的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定四黄膏中大黄素和大黄酚的含量。方法高效液相色谱法。Spherixorb C18柱,流动相为甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(90∶10),检测波长254nm,柱温为室温。结果大黄素进样量在1.6~8.0μg,大黄酚进样量在3.2~16.0μg内,线性关系良好,相关系数大黄素r=0.999 7,大黄酚r=0.9999,平均回收率大黄素为100.59%(RSD=1.19%),大黄酚为100.28%(RSD=1.33%)。结论本法操作简便,结果准确,重现性好,可用于四黄膏的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定六昧安消片中大黄素和大黄酚的含量

目的:建立六味安消片中大黄素和大黄酚的含量测定方法。方法:用 HPLC 方法对制剂中大黄中所含的大黄素和大黄酚进行含量测定研究。采用 Inertsil ODS-3(5μm,250mm×4.6mm)柱,以甲醇-0.1%磷酸水溶液(85:15)为流动相,检测波长为254nm。结果:大黄素在0.0144～0.072μg范围内呈线性关系(r=0.9997,n=5),平均回收率为97.24%;大黄酚在0.035～0.175μg范围内呈线性关系(r=0.9999,n=5),平均回收率为99.35%。结论:本方法操作简便、可靠,重现性好,专属性强,可作为六味安消片的内在质量控制方法。     

HPLC法测定肾康丸中大黄酚、大黄素的含量

目的:建立肾康丸中大黄酚、大黄素的含量测定方法。方法:采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Diamonsi C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(42∶23∶35),流速为1.0 ml.min-1,检测波长为254 nm,进样量10μl。结果:大黄酚在9.38～150.00μg.ml-1(r=1.000 0),大黄素在3.31～53.00μg.ml-1(r=1.000 0)之间线性关系良好,其平均加样回收率大黄酚为99.83%,RSD为0.75%;大黄素为99.73%,RSD为0.34%。结论:此法简便,结果准确、灵敏,可用于肾康丸的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定新肾炎胶囊中蒽醌类化合物的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定新肾炎胶囊中蒽醌类化合物大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚的含量。方法采用Phenomenex C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以甲醇-1%醋酸(70∶30)为流动相,检测波长254 nm,柱温25℃;流速1 m L·min-1。结果大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚检测浓度分别在4.96~24.80μg·m L-1(r=0.999 6)、6.58~32.91μg·m L-1(r=0.999 9)、15.11~75.55μg·m L-1(r=0.999 9)范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为100.78%,98.13%,99.29%。结论制剂制备工艺稳定,建立的含量测定方法简便、可靠,可用于制定主要治疗成分大黄素、大黄酚的含量下限以及非主要治疗成分大黄酸的含量上限,进一步保障制剂安全。     

高效液相色谱法测定跌打止痛巴布膏中大黄酚的含量

目的:建立以高效液相色谱法测定跌打止痛巴布膏中大黄酚含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为KromasasilC18,流动相为甲醇-0.1%磷酸水(85∶15),流速为1.0ml/min,检测波长为254nm,进样量为10μl。结果:大黄酚进样量在0.6μg～4μg范围内与峰面积值线性关系良好(r=0.9994);平均加样回收率为99.23%(n=5,RSD=2.45%)。结论:本方法准确、可靠、重现性好。     

HPLC法测定舒筋定痛片中大黄酚的含量

目的建立舒筋定痛片中大黄酚的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法。色谱条件:色谱柱为Diamonsil(钻石)C18(5μm,250×4.6mm);流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(85∶15);检测波长:430nm;柱温:室温;流速:1.0mL/min;理论板数按大黄酚峰计算不低于2000。结果大黄酚在0.412-3.708μg之间线性关系良好,r=0.99997。大黄酚平均回收率为98.53%,RSD=0.56%。结论该方法准确,重复性好,可用于舒筋定痛片的质量控制。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定复方奥硝唑大黄口腔膜中大黄酚的含量

目的:建立复方奥硝唑大黄口腔膜中大黄酚的含量测定方法.方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法,Alltima C18色谱柱(150.0 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),柱温为40℃,以甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(70:30)为流动相,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为254 nm.结果:大黄酚在1.86～59.40 μg/ml,范围内呈良好线性关系(r=0.9998).平均加样同收率为99.70%,RSD为0.37%(n=6).结论:本法快速、简便、精确,可作为复方奥硝唑大黄口腔膜中大黄酚的定量分析方法.     

高效液相色谱法测定中药退黄外洗液中大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚的含量

目的建立中药退黄外洗液中大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚的含量,色谱柱:Phenomenex Gemini5μm C18110A4.6×250.0mm5micron;流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(85∶15),流速:1.0ml/min,检测波长:254nm,柱温:35℃。结果大黄酸在1.6576～33.1520μg/ml、大黄素在1.4976～29.9520μg/ml、大黄酚在1.7040～34.0800μg/ml范围内线性关系良好(r=1)。大黄酸平均回收率为99.07%,RSD为0.85%(n=5);大黄素为99.14%,RSD为1.08%(n=5);大黄酚为99.94%,RSD为0.77%(n=5);阴性对照无干扰。结论该方法操作简便、稳定、专属性强,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.