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1.
目的探讨艾塞那肽治疗肥胖2型糖尿病的疗效。方法对1例肥胖2型糖尿病患者采用艾塞那肽治疗。结果患者血糖、血脂、体重等各项指标得到很好的控制。结论艾塞那肽对肥胖的2型糖尿病治疗有良好的疗效,值得临床推广运用。  相似文献   

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目的对30例2型糖尿病患者及30例正常人空腹血清胰岛素和C肽测定结果进行统计学分析,了解2型糖尿病中糖代谢和胰岛B细胞功能。方法用化学发光法测定C肽和胰岛素。结果 2型糖尿病患者空腹胰岛素和C肽浓度高于正常人(P<0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病患者空腹血清胰岛素、C肽和血糖联合检测可作为糖尿病的分型依据。  相似文献   

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目的观察利拉鲁肽在新诊断肥胖2型糖尿病中的疗效。方法选择50例新诊断的肥胖2型糖尿病患者用利拉鲁肽治疗12周,比较治疗前后血糖、BMI、血脂及胰岛素水平变化情况。结果利拉鲁肽治疗后,BMI及糖化血红蛋、白血糖、血脂明显降低,胰岛功能明显改善。结论肥胖2型糖尿病用利拉鲁肽治疗能有效控制血糖,减轻体质量,增加胰岛素敏感性,改善脂质代谢,是肥胖2型糖尿病的理想选择。  相似文献   

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目的 对血清C肽与2型糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的关系进行分析与探讨。方法 120例2型糖尿病患者,根据患者病情将其分为三组,即:无糖尿病视网膜病变(NDR)组40例,非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR)组42例,增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)组38例。以电化学发光法对所有患者空腹血清C肽进行测定。结果 三组患者空腹血清C肽水平均呈现下降趋势,三组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清C肽与2型糖尿病视网膜病变程度呈负相关。结论 研究表明,在2型糖尿病视网膜病变中,血清C肽含量会由于病变程度的加深而逐渐降低,血清C肽水平是2型糖尿病视网膜病变进展的重要标志。  相似文献   

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目的 研究2型糖尿病患者骨密度及骨代谢指标与血清C肽水平的关系.方法 收集我院就诊的2型糖尿病患者127例,对照组为105例非糖尿病正常人群.双能X线骨密度仪测定腰椎(L2~4)及左股骨颈骨密度;ELISA法检测骨钙素(BGP)及1型胶原胶联蛋白羧基肽(CTX-I);放射免疫法检测空腹及餐后2 hC肽水平.结果两组间年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).2型糖尿病组腰椎、左侧股骨颈BMD、空腹及餐后C肽水平均低于对照组(P<0.05),在骨代谢指标方面,2型糖尿病组CTX-1水平高于对照组,BGP水平低于对照组(P<0.05).2型糖尿病患者腰椎、股骨颈骨密度、血清BGP水平与空腹及餐后2 hC肽水平均呈正相关(P<0.05),CTX-1水平与空腹及餐后2 hC肽呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 2型糖尿病患者骨密度及骨代谢水平与空腹及餐后2 hC肽水平密切相关.  相似文献   

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彭霄霞  徐康康 《中国药房》2011,(22):2083-2086
目的:介绍胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物利拉鲁肽治疗2型糖尿病的机制与临床评价。方法:查阅相关文献,并对其进行分析归纳、总结。结果与结论:利拉鲁肽能迅速、高效地降低血糖和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平,保护胰岛B细胞功能,降低患者体重。利拉鲁肽治疗发生低血糖的概率非常低,是治疗2型糖尿病的新选择。  相似文献   

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胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(GLP-1RAs)治疗2型糖尿病受到广泛关注,其不仅具有优异的降糖优势,还有控制体质量,调节血脂,改善胰岛β细胞功能等特点,同时低血糖或体质量增加的不良反应发生率较低。自2005年至今,已经有7个GLP-1RAs经美国食品药品监督管理局批准上市,即艾塞那肽、利拉鲁肽、艾塞那肽长效制剂、阿必鲁肽、度拉糖肽、利西拉来和索马鲁肽;在中国上市的有贝那鲁肽和洛塞那肽。对已经上市的9个GLP-1Ras治疗2型糖尿病的临床研究进展进行综述。  相似文献   

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黄冉 《中国医药指南》2011,9(10):112-113
目的研究放射免疫分析测定胰岛素及C-肽在诊断2型糖尿病中的价值。方法选取2009年1月至2010年3月入湘潭县人民医院治疗的50例2型糖尿病患者组成病例组,应用放射免疫分析测定胰岛素和C-肽含量。选取2010年1月至2010年3月入湘潭县人民医院体检的健康人30例组成对照组,同样应用放射免疫分析测定胰岛素和C-肽含量,对比两组测定结果,以确定放射免疫分析测定胰岛素和C-肽在诊断2型糖尿病中的价值。结果相对于对照组,病例组患者空腹胰岛素及C-肽较高(P<0.05)。对照组患者在餐后1h后出现峰值,2型糖尿病患者餐后2h后出现峰值,持续到餐后3h后仍不能达到正常水平。结论运用放射免疫分析测定胰岛素及C-肽有助于为临床糖尿病分型及治疗提供指导。  相似文献   

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目的探讨利拉鲁肽治疗肥胖型2型糖尿病的应用与疗效。方法选择2015年6月至2017年11月肥胖型2型糖尿病患者90例根据治疗方法分组。对照组给予单一二甲双胍片治疗,观察组则给予二甲双胍片联合利拉鲁肽治疗。比较两组肥胖型2型糖尿病治疗总有效率;血糖达标的时间、体质量开始下降时间;治疗前后患者FBG、2hPBG、HbA_1c;治疗前后患者BMI、空腹C肽、餐后2h C肽。结果观察组肥胖型2型糖尿病治疗总有效率高于对照组,P <0.05;观察组血糖达标的时间、体质量开始下降时间短于对照组,P <0.05;治疗前两组FBG、2hPBG、HbA_1c相近,P> 0.05;治疗后观察组FBG、2hPBG、HbA_1c优于对照组,P <0.05。观察组治疗前BMI、空腹C肽、餐后2h C肽和对照组无明显差异,P> 0.05。治疗后观察组BMI、空腹C肽、餐后2h C肽优于对照组,P <0.05。结论利拉鲁肽治疗肥胖型2型糖尿病的应用与疗效确切,可有效控制血糖,改善C肽水平,控制体质量,值得推广应用。  相似文献   

10.
李静 《海峡药学》2014,(7):88-90
肠促胰素已成为治疗2型糖尿病的热点。胰高血糖素样肽-1具有促进胰岛素合成和分泌、抑制胰高血糖素分泌、促进胰岛B细胞增殖的生理功能。此外,胰高血糖素样肽。1还具有延缓胃排空、抑制食欲和调节脂肪代谢等功能。艾塞那肽和利拉鲁肽是目前临床应用较多的胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物,临床研究证实其能有效降低血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平及体重指数且无低血糖反应,为2型糖尿病患者治疗带来了新的希望。胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物也存在一定的不良反应,其长期安全性有待进一步观察研究。  相似文献   

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This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.  相似文献   

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Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.
  相似文献   

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In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.  相似文献   

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Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.  相似文献   

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This article assesses pain within the context of the dose response. A substantial number of studies indicate that the dose response for pain-related endpoints is commonly biphasic, being independent of the type of biological model employed, endpoint measured, or agent tested. The quantitative features of the dose response are also remarkably consistent regardless of the receptor pathway that mediates the nociceptive response, indicating a likely downstream message convergence. These findings have important implications for drug discovery, development, and clinical evaluation.  相似文献   

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