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大黄素的药理作用研究概况 总被引:54,自引:5,他引:54
大黄素是中药大黄的重要单体 ,具有多种功效。它能抑菌、抗炎、保护肝肾、抑制血小板聚集、改善微循环、抗癌等 ,具有较好的临床应用价值。该文概述了国内外对大黄素的药理作用及机制方面的研究进展 ,为大黄素的开发提供理论依据。 相似文献
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大黄素的药理研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
目的:对国内外大黄素药理研究进展进行综述。方法:参考相关献评价大黄素对Ca^2 浓度及转运、内分泌、基因表达及酶活性、细胞生长的影响以及抗菌、抗病毒等方面的作用。结果:大黄素具有免疫调查、抗菌、抗炎、肮肿瘤等多方面的作用。结论:大黄素药理作用广泛,临床上主要用于抗菌、抗肿瘤、治疗便秘等。 相似文献
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大黄的炮制及有效成分分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文叙述了大黄的炮制方法,炮制上的大黄性状、化学成份及药理作用,炮制后的有效成分为蒽甙衍生物3.5%,游离状态的甙元,其余则为葡萄糖结合为甙,甙元主要有:大黄素、大黄酸、芦荟大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚。大黄具有杀虫作用,利胆作用,止血作用,抗感染作用,泻下作用。 相似文献
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《本草》中:“大黄味苦、寒、主下瘀血,破瘕瘕积聚。荡涤胃肠、推陈致新、安和五脏”之功效.现代医学也证实含番泻甙A、B、C、D为主要泻下成份。大黄具有抗菌作用.且抗菌谱广、作用强,有效成份主要为大黄酸、大黄素、大黄素甲醚和芦荟大黄素,其中以芦荟大黄素作用最强.其抗菌机理是对细菌细胞核酸和蛋白质合成的阻碍作用,还能抑制二十碳稀酸类异常代谢,增加细胞保护机制,抗凝抗栓。改善微循环,有抗厌氧菌作用,特别是对常见的脆弱杆菌的抑制作用尤为显著。大黄还具有清除自由基,促进肠黏膜杯状细胞增生,改善肠黏膜通透性的使用。临床上根据大黄的这些药理作用,可治疗多种疾病。 相似文献
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大黄醇提物的药理与临床 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中药大黄治病早在《肘后备急方》、《备急千金要方》、《外台秘要》、《太平惠方》以及《本草纲目》等历代医学著作中都有较详尽的记载。由于大黄炮制工艺的发展和临床药理研究,用乙醇提取大黄成分的系列制剂(片剂、胶囊剂、水剂、糖浆剂、冲剂及散剂)已逐渐应用于临床,并获得较好的疗效。 大黄醇提取物实为生药大黄的精制品,但无大黄的致泻和脐周腹痛的作用,主要药用成分有大黄酸、大黄素、芦荟大黄素、大黄素甲醚、大黄酚、多糖及鞣质等,其药理作用及临床应用概述如下。1抗感染作用 大黄醇提取物的主要抗菌成分为羟基芦荟大黄素、… 相似文献
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冯彦 《中国现代药物应用》2016,(6):278-279
枸杞多糖是枸杞子的主要有效成分,临床研究表明,枸杞多糖具有免疫促进和免疫调节、保肝、抗应激作用以及辐射防护等药理作用。鉴于枸杞多糖的多重药理作用,对其进行深入的研究和发掘,使其能够更好的在临床中得到应用,合理发挥其药理作用,对造福患者具有重要的意义。本文在介绍枸杞多糖各种药理作用的基础上,对枸杞多糖目前在临床上的主要应用进行了介绍,以期为枸杞多糖的进一步研究和应用提供参考。 相似文献
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淫羊藿苷的神经药理作用及分子机制研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来关于淫羊藿苷对中枢神经系统药理作用的研究日益增多。为进一步推进淫羊藿苷用于防治中枢神经系统疾病的研究,本文结合国内外对淫羊藿苷的研究报道,系统地综述了淫羊藿苷的抗痴呆、抗衰老、抗缺血性脑损伤、抗抑郁及神经保护等中枢神经系统的药理作用及作用机制。 相似文献
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益母草碱(Leonurine)是存在于中药益母草的特异生物碱。近年来,文献报道了许多关于益母草碱异于传统适应症的药理作用和机制研究,如心血管保护、中枢保护、抗糖尿病等作用,其机制可能与其抗氧化、抗细胞凋亡和调节线粒体功能和抗炎等作用有关。本文就益母草碱的这些药理作用及其作用机制作一简要综述,以促进益母草碱研究的开展及临床上更好的应用。 相似文献
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Maria A.S. Fernandes Maria S. Santos Antnio J.M. Moreno Laura Chernova Aivars Krauze Gunars Duburs Joaquim A.F. Vicente 《Toxicology in vitro》2009,23(7):1333-1341
It is increasingly recognised that mitochondria are potential targets to pharmacological and toxicological actions of membrane-active agents, including some 1,4-dihydropyridines derivatives (DHPs). The 5-acetyl(carbamoyl)-6-methylsulfanyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-5-carbonitriles (OSI-1146, OSI-3701, OSI-3761, and OSI-9642) is a new group of DHPs with minor differences on the molecular structure. It has also been shown that OSI-1146 displays cardiovascular, antioxidant, and antiradical activities, whereas OSI-3701 and OSI-3761 display hepatoprotective activity. Due to their protective properties, this group of DHPs may be potentially useful for the treatment of several pathological processes, including those associated with oxidative stress. However, the cellular targets for their pharmacological actions have not been investigated. The presented study, using isolated rat liver mitochondria was designed to investigate if mitochondria are a cellular target for the pharmacological and/or toxicological actions of these new group of DHPs. We studied the direct influence of these DHPs on rat liver mitochondrial function [bioenergetics, membrane permeability transition (MPT), and oxidative stress]. It was shown that OSI-1146, OSI-3761, and OSI-9642, in the concentration range of up to 200 μM, interfered with mitochondrial bioenergetics by affecting complexes I and II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, the ATPase activity, and mitochondrial inner membrane permeability to protons. However, the effects of OSI-1146 were higher than those of OSI-3761 and OSI-9642. The remaining compound, OSI-3701, had no effect on the bioenergetic parameters tested. All the compounds increased the susceptibility of mitochondria to MPT, but, OSI-3701, not affecting the bioenergetic parameters, was the most potent. Moreover, all the compounds protected mitochondria against lipid peroxidation induced by the oxidant pair ADP/Fe2+, but OSI-1146 was also the most potent. In conclusion, our results indicate that mitochondria are the potential intracellular targets for both protective and toxicological actions of the DHP compounds studied, suggesting that the potential use of these compounds as therapeutic agents should carefully consider their toxic effects to mitochondria. 相似文献
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Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review of recent research. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Badreldin H Ali Gerald Blunden Musbah O Tanira Abderrahim Nemmar 《Food and chemical toxicology》2008,46(2):409-420
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberacae) is a medicinal plant that has been widely used in Chinese, Ayurvedic and Tibb-Unani herbal medicines all over the world, since antiquity, for a wide array of unrelated ailments that include arthritis, rheumatism, sprains, muscular aches, pains, sore throats, cramps, constipation, indigestion, vomiting, hypertension, dementia, fever, infectious diseases and helminthiasis. Currently, there is a renewed interest in ginger, and several scientific investigations aimed at isolation and identification of active constituents of ginger, scientific verification of its pharmacological actions and of its constituents, and verification of the basis of the use of ginger in some of several diseases and conditions. This article aims at reviewing the most salient recent reports on these investigations. The main pharmacological actions of ginger and compounds isolated therefrom include immuno-modulatory, anti-tumorigenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-lipidemic and anti-emetic actions. Ginger is a strong anti-oxidant substance and may either mitigate or prevent generation of free radicals. It is considered a safe herbal medicine with only few and insignificant adverse/side effects. More studies are required in animals and humans on the kinetics of ginger and its constituents and on the effects of their consumption over a long period of time. 相似文献
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Pharmacological activity of 5-phenyl-1:3:4-thiadiazole (l 1538), 2-amino-5-phenyl-1:3:4-thiadiazole (l 1460) and 2-amino-5-(2'-thienyl)-1:3:4-thiadiazole (l 1458) 下载免费PDF全文
The pharmacological actions of 5-phenyl-1:3:4-thiadiazole (L 1538), 2-amino-5-phenyl-1:3:4-thiadiazole (L 1460) and 2-amino-5-(2'-thienyl)-1:3:4-thiadiazole (L 1458) have been studied and compared with those of other muscular relaxant drugs. The three compounds have paralysing effects in mice, rats, cats, and dogs. They block the tonic component of maximal electroshock seizures and protect against strychnine, though not against leptazol-induced convulsions in mice. Like other centrally acting paralysing drugs, they depress spinal polysynaptic transmission in doses which leave monosynaptic transmission relatively unaffected. The rigidity of the decerebrate cat is reduced but not always abolished. The compounds do not induce synchronization in epidural electroencephalogram recordings. In doses not greatly affecting muscular tone and spontaneous activity, they prolong the hypnotic effects of pentobarbitone and other barbiturates in mice. Autonomic functions are only slightly affected. The similar actions of substituted thiadiazoles and 2-amino-benzothiazoles confirm a previous hypothesis that pharmacological equivalence may result either from condensing heterocyclic nuclei with aromatic nuclei or from introducing aryl substituents into them. 相似文献
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The pharmacological actions of 5-phenyl-1:3:4-thiadiazole (L 1538), 2-amino-5-phenyl-1:3:4-thiadiazole (L 1460) and 2-amino-5-(2'-thienyl)-1:3:4-thiadiazole (L 1458) have been studied and compared with those of other muscular relaxant drugs. The three compounds have paralysing effects in mice, rats, cats, and dogs. They block the tonic component of maximal electroshock seizures and protect against strychnine, though not against leptazol-induced convulsions in mice. Like other centrally acting paralysing drugs, they depress spinal polysynaptic transmission in doses which leave monosynaptic transmission relatively unaffected. The rigidity of the decerebrate cat is reduced but not always abolished. The compounds do not induce synchronization in epidural electroencephalogram recordings. In doses not greatly affecting muscular tone and spontaneous activity, they prolong the hypnotic effects of pentobarbitone and other barbiturates in mice. Autonomic functions are only slightly affected. The similar actions of substituted thiadiazoles and 2-amino-benzothiazoles confirm a previous hypothesis that pharmacological equivalence may result either from condensing heterocyclic nuclei with aromatic nuclei or from introducing aryl substituents into them. 相似文献