赤芝子实体新三萜化合物的结构鉴定

目的　对赤芝子实体的化学成分进行研究。方法　利用各种色谱技术进行分离,采用¹HNMR ,¹³CNMR ,¹H-¹HCOSY ,HMQC和HMBC谱进行结构鉴定。结果　从赤芝子实体中分离得到3个化合物,分别鉴定为:lucidenicacidA (1) ,3β,7β-dihydroxy-4,4,14α-trimethyl-11,15-dioxo-5α-chol-8-en-24-oic acid (2 )和lucidenic acid C (3)。结论　化合物2为新化合物,命名为赤芝酸LM₁(lucidenicacidLM₁)。     

灵芝三萜成分分析灵芝三萜成分分析

目的建立灵芝子实体、孢子粉、发酵菌丝体三萜成分的HPLC含量测定方法。方法以赤芝孢子酸A(ganosporeric acid A,1),赤芝酸A(lucidenic acid A,2),灵芝酸B(ganoderic acid B,3)和灵芝酸C(ganoderic acid C,4)为对照品;色谱柱:反相C₁₈;流动相:乙腈-水(37∶63);流速:1.0 mL·min^-1;检测波长:UV 254 nm。结果进样量在0.2～1 μg有良好的线性关系,(1),(2),(3)和(4)的加样回收率分别为100.9%,101.2%,101.3%和101.7%。结论本法快速、简便、灵敏和分离度好,适用于灵芝子实体、孢子粉、发酵菌丝体及相关制剂的三萜类物质检查和含量测定。     

赤芝孢子粉三萜化学成分研究

从赤芝孢子粉（Ganoderma lucidum Karst）酯溶发分离得到五种三萜类化合物经理化常数和光谱（UV，IR，MS，^1H和^13CNMR）分析分别鉴定为赤芝孢子酸A（ganosporeric acid A,I),gandoeric acid B(Ⅱ），ganderic acid C(Ⅲ），ganoderic acid E(Ⅳ），ganodermanontriol(Ⅴ）。其中赤芝孢子酸A是新化合物，其余均为首次从赤芝孢子粉中得到。经药理实验表明赤芝孢子酸A对CCl4和GaNI引起的小鼠转氨酶升高有降低作用，对丙酸杆菌引起的小鼠免疫性肝损伤有保护作用。     

赤芝子实体中三萜化学成分的研究

自赤芝[Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.)Karst]的二氯甲烷溶解部分分离得到一个新的三萜内酯化合物,命名为灵芝内酯(ganolactone)。根据光谱(UV,IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,MS和2DNMR)解析,确定其结构为I式。同时还从赤芝子实体中分到三个已知化合物,即灵芝醇A(ganoderiolA,II),灵芝醇B(ganoderiolB,II)和灵芝三醇(ganodermatriolIV)。     

灵芝三萜成分分析

目的建立灵芝子实体、孢子粉、发酵菌丝体三萜成分的HPLC含量测定方法.方法以赤芝孢子酸A(ganosporeric acid A,1),赤芝酸A(lucidenic acid A,2),灵芝酸B(ganoderic acid B,3)和灵芝酸C(ganoderic acid C,4)为对照品;色谱柱:反相C18;流动相:乙腈-水(37∶63);流速:1.0 mL*min-1;检测波长:UV 254 nm.结果进样量在0.2～1 μg有良好的线性关系,(1),(2),(3)和(4)的加样回收率分别为100.9%,101.2%,101.3%和101.7%.结论本法快速、简便、灵敏和分离度好,适用于灵芝子实体、孢子粉、发酵菌丝体及相关制剂的三萜类物质检查和含量测定.     

华钩藤中新的氧化吲哚生物碱甙

自中药华钩藤(Uncaria sinensis[Oliv]Havil)叶子的乙醇提取物中分得2个16-位羧基氧化吲哚生物碱和2个它们的葡萄糖酯甙。经化学和光谱方法(UV,IR,FAB-MS,¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR,CD)分别鉴定了它们结构,并命名为帽柱木菲酸(mitraphyllic acid,Ⅰ),异帽柱木菲酸(isomitraphyllic acid,Ⅱ),帽柱木菲酸[16-1]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙(mitraphyllic acid[16-1]-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester,Ⅳ)和异帽柱木菲酸(16-1)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙(isomitraphyllic acid[16-1]-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester,Ⅲ)。除化合物Ⅰ外,其余均为首次从天然得到的新化合物。     

聚花过路黄化学成分的研究

目的:对聚花过路黄(Lysimachia congestiflora Hemsl.) 全草的化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定。方法:采用各种色谱技术进行分离,用MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR(DEPT) ,¹H ¹HCOSY 谱鉴定化合物。结果:分离得到7 个化合物:杨梅树皮素(1),杨梅树皮苷(2) ,槲皮素(3),柽柳素(4) ,豆甾醇(5) ,仙客来D-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-(1→4)-[β-D-吡喃葡糖基-(1 →2)]-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(6) 和珍珠菜苷(7) 。结论:化合物7 为新化合物,化合物4 和6 为首次从珍珠菜属植物中分离得到。     

桔梗中远志酸型皂苷的化学研究

目的分离、鉴定桔梗［Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.)A.DC］根中的远志酸型皂苷类化学成分。方法 采用乙醇提取、乙酸乙酯萃取，大孔树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱等方法进行分离，得到3个化学成分，运用IR，MS，¹H NMR和¹³C NMR等光谱法鉴定化合物的结构。结果分离鉴定了3种三萜皂苷：3-O-β-D-laminaribiosyl polygalacic acid (I)，3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl polygalacic acid (II)及polygalacin D (III)。结论化合物I是新化合物，II，III为已知化合物。化合物II为首次从该植物中分得，化合物I和II也是首次从桔梗中分离得到的单糖链糖苷。     

黄毛忽木皂甙A的分离和结构测定

黄毛木(Aralia decaisneana Hance)为五加科木属植物。从其根的甲醇提取物中分离得到一个皂甙化合物(I),根据光谱(IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,MS,Longrange ¹H-¹HCOSY和¹H-¹³cHETCOR)解析和化学反应(酸水解,乙酰化和碱水解)证明,化合物1的结构确定为3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙。该化合物是一个新的三萜皂甙,命名为黄毛木皂甙A(aradecoside A)。     

人工栽培的南方红豆杉化学成分研究(III)

从人工栽培的南方红豆杉全株乙醇提取物的氯仿萃取部位通过反复硅胶和凝胶柱层析分离得到4个化合物，采用波谱解析(IR，ESI-MS，¹H NMR和¹³C NMR)等方法确定了其结构，4个化合物分别鉴定为taxamairin K (1), 2α,4α-dideacetoxy-7β-benzoyloxy-5β,20-epoxy-9α,10β,13α,15-tetrahydroxy-11(15→1)abeotaxa-11-ene (2), 7β-xylosyl-taxol (3), 10-deacetoxy-7-xylosyl-taxol (4)，其中化合物1为新化合物。     

赤芝子实体中灵芝酸类成分的研究

自赤芝［Ｇａｎｏｄｅｒｍａｌｕｃｉｄｕｍ（Ｆｒ．）Ｋａｒｓｔ．］子实体的二氯甲烷提取物中分离得到一个新的四环三萜化合物，命名为灵芝酸ＤＭ（ｇａｎｏｄｅｒｉｃａｃｉｄＤＭ，Ｉ）。根据光谱（ＵＶ，ＩＲ，１ＨＮＭＲ，１３ＣＮＭＲ，ＭＳ２ＤＮＭＲ）分析，确定其结构为Ｉ式。同时还分离得到二个已知的灵芝酸类化合物，即灵芝酸Ａ（ｇａｎｏｄｅｒｉｃａｃｉｄＡ，Ｉ）和灵芝酸Ｃ（ｇａｎｏｄｅｒｉｃａｃｉｄＣ，ＩＩ）。     

A new lanostane-type triterpene from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum

A new lanostane-type triterpene, named ganoderic acid LM2 (5), was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum. Its structure was characterized as (23S) 7beta, -dihydroxy-3, 11, 15-trioxo-5alpha-lanosta-8, 24-dien-26-oic acid by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra. In addition, a known triterpene, ganoderic acid epsilon (4), was obtained. Both of them exhibited potent enhancement of ConA-induced mice splenocytes proliferation in vitro.     

Two new lanostanoids from Ganoderma resinaceum

Two new lanostane triterpenoids, 3-epipachymic acid (3alpha-acetoxy-16alpha-hydroxy-24-methylene-5alpha-lanost-8-en-21-oic acid, 1) and 3alpha-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-methyl-1,5-dioxopentyloxy)-24-methylene-5alpha-lanost-8-en-21-oic acid (2), together with a known compound, 3-oxo-5alpha-lanosta-8,24-dien-21-oic acid (3), were isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma resinaceum. The structure elucidation was accomplished by spectroscopic methods, especially NMR experiments. Compound 2 showed significant cytotoxic activity with IC(50) value of 2.5 microg/ml in Hep-2 cell line.     

松塔化学成分的研究

目的研究华山松松塔的化学成分。方法用溶剂法和色谱法分离化合物，波谱法鉴定其结构。结果 分离得到4个二萜类化合物，其结构鉴定为7-oxo-12α,13β-dihydroxyabiet-8(14)-en-18-oic acid (I), 7-oxo-13β-hydroxyabiet-8(14)-en-18-oic acid (II), 8(14)-podocarpen-13-on-18-oic acid (III)和lambertianic acid (IV)。结论I为新化合物，其结构鉴定为7-oxo-12α,13β-dihydroxyabiet-8(14)-en-18-oic acid，化合物II，III为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Constituents from the fruiting bodies ofGanoderma applanatum and their aldose reductase inhibitory activity

Eight compounds were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum, and were identified as 2-methoxyfatty acids (1), 5-dihydroergosterol (2), ergosterol peroxide (3) 3beta,7beta, 20,23xi-tetrahydroxy-11,15-dioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic acid (4), 7beta,20,23xi-trihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic acid (5), cerevisterol (6), 7beta,23xi-dihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8,20E (22)-dien-26-oic acid (7), and 7beta-hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic acid methyl ester (8) by spectral analysis. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this fruiting bodies, and their effect on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) activity was tested. Among these eight compounds, ergosterol peroxide (3) was found to exhibit potent RLAR inhibition, its IC50 value being 15.4 microg/mL.     

Anticomplement activity of terpenoids from the spores of Ganoderma lucidum.

A new lanostane-type terpenoid, lucidenic acid SP1 (1), was isolated from a CHCl(3)-soluble fraction of Ganoderma lucidum spores together with four other known compounds (2 - 5). The structure of lucidenic acid SP1 was determined to be 3 beta,7 beta-dihydroxy-4,4,14 alpha-trimethyl-11,15-dioxo-5 alpha-chol-8-en-24-oic acid by spectroscopic means including 2D-NMR. Twelve triterpenes (1-12) isolated from G. lucidum spores were investigated in vitro for their anticomplementary activity. Compounds 1 - 5 were inactive, whereas ganoderiol F (8), ganodermanondiol (9) and ganodermanontriol (10) showed a strong anticomplement activity against the classical pathway (CP) of the complement system with IC(50) values of 4.8, 41.7, and 17.2 microM, respectively. The potency of these triterpene alcohols (8-10) in inhibiting CP activity was improved when the number of hydroxymethyl groups on the side chain moiety is increased. On the other hand, the ganoderic acids 1-7, which contain a carboxyl group in the side chain, and lucidumols A and B (11, 12) had little activity on this system.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of the constituents of the roots of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aralia continentalis</Emphasis>

To assess the anti-inflammatory activity of the constituents of the roots of Aralia continentalis, ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene-19-oic acid (continentalic acid, pimaradienoic acid, compound I), 7β-hydroxy-ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene-19-oic acid (compound II), 7-oxo-ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene-19-oic acid (compound III), 15α,16α-epoxy-17-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (compound IV) and ent-kaura-16-en-19-oic acid (kaurenoic acid, compound V), their inhibitory effects against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-catalyzed PGE₂ and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-catalyzed NO production by lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 cells were examined. Among the compounds tested, compound III and V moderately inhibited NO production. In addition, compound III weakly inhibited PGE₂ production, while treatment with compounds II and IV at concentrations of up to 100 μM had no significant effects. Conversely, compound I only weakly inhibited PGE₂ and NO production. To elucidate the mechanism by which these changes occurred, the iNOS down-regulating capacity of compound III was investigated. Western blot analysis and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated that compound III weakly inhibited COX-2 and iNOS expression at 50–100 μM, and inhibited NF-κB activation. When in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of compounds I, III and V were examined, intraperitoneal injection of 4–100 mg/kg of compound I and V significantly inhibited carrageenaninduced paw edema in mice, whereas compound III did not. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that some constituents of A. continentalis, especially compounds I, III and V, exert significant anti-inflammatory activity, which suggests that these constituents contribute, at least in part, to the anti-inflammatory action of the roots of A. continentalis.     

夏枯草化学成分的研究

目的：研究夏枯草(Prunella vulgaris L.)的化学成分。方法：用现代各种色谱方法分离夏枯草化学成分,用波谱技术鉴定结构。结果：从夏枯草的干燥果穗中分得6个化合物,经波谱(IR,UV,FAB-MS,1D and 2D-NMR)解析分别鉴定为3β,16α,24-三羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸-3-O-(6′-丁酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(I),乌苏酸(II),2α,3α-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(III),槲皮素(IV),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(V)和咖啡酸乙酯(VI)。结论：I为新化合物,命名为夏枯草皂苷B(vulgarsaponin B),III为首次从该植物中分离得到,V,VI为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

白木通中一个新的三萜皂苷类化合物

目的研究木通科植物白木通藤茎的化学成分。方法通过反复硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱和重结晶等方法进行分离纯化，根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定结构。结果从白木通藤茎70%乙醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物。分别鉴定为2α,3β,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid =O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (I), 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (II), 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (III), 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (IV), 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (V), 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (VI)。结论化合物II为新化合物，命名为mutongsaponin C，其他均为首次从该植物藤茎中分离得到。