精子顶体酶活性定量检测与男性不育病例分析

目的 探讨精子顶体酶活性定量与男性不育的关系.方法 2011年7月至9月395例男性不育患者进行精子顶体酶活性定量检测.结果 部分精液常规检测正常,但精子顶体酶活性定量异常;少弱精子症患者顶体酶活性定量异常比率相对高.结论 顶体酶活性定量是判断男性精子功能和生育力强弱的重要评价指标之一.     

顶体酶活性与精子质量的关系

目的 研究男性不育患者精子顶体酶活性与精子质量的相关性.方法 研究中选择正常生育者,12例作为对照组;不明原因不育患者,10例;精液异常患者,19例作为研究对象,分光光度比色法检测顶体酶活性.结果 顶体酶活性与精子密度、正常形态精子率、a b级精子活力呈显著正相关,与头部畸形呈负相关性;正常生育者的顶体酶活性与精液常规正常不育者的顶体酶活性相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05);正常生育者的顶体酶活性与精液异常者的顶体酶活差异性有显著性(P＜0.01).结论 精子顶体酶活性与精液参数存在一定相关性,顶体酶活性与正常形态精子率显著正相关,顶体酶活性是评定男性生育能力的重要指标之一,尤其对不明原因不育患者检测顶体酶活性有重要的临床意义.     

精液白细胞含量与精子顶体酶活性分析

目的研究精液白细胞含量对精子顶体酶活性的影响。方法采用正甲苯胺蓝过氧化物酶法对精液中白细胞进行定量测定并与精子顶体酶活性进行相关性分析。结果383例男性不育就诊者中106例精液白细胞>1×106个/ml,设为阳性组;277例精液白细胞≤1×106个/ml,设为阴性组:阴性组精子顶体酶活性(22.21±10.25)uIU/106精子,明显高于阳性组精子顶体酶活性(12.81±9.23)uIU/106精子,两组有显著性差异(P<0.001)。结论精液白细胞含量增高可影响精子顶体酶活性。     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对大鼠精子生成和质量的影响

目的：探讨邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）对大鼠精子的生成和质量影响。方法：150只雄性大鼠,随机分为DBP低剂量组（50 mg·kg^-1）、DBP中剂量组（200 mg·kg^-1）、DBP高剂量组（1 000 mg·kg^-1）、空白对照组（蒸馏水）和溶剂对照组（花生油）,每组30只,每天灌胃给药,每30d每组取10只大鼠解剖取样,称量睾丸、附睾质量,取一侧附睾进行精子计数、精子存活率和精子形态分析。结果：灌胃90 d,DBP中、高剂量组精子数、精子存活率、睾丸、附质重量及其脏器系数均明显降低（P〈0.05或0.01）。结论：长期大剂量使用DBP对大鼠生殖功能有毒性作用。     

精子顶体酶活性对体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响

目的 探讨精子顶体酶活性对IVF-ET妊娠结局的影响.方法 选取2016年03月–2018年12月于娄底市中心医院符合纳排标准并行新鲜卵裂胚移植的IVF-ET患者共90周期,根据精子顶体酶活性分为实验组(n=24)和对照组(n=66).分析精子顶体酶活性与OPU日精液常规分析、精子形态学的相关性,比较其对两组精液质量、...     

精子顶体酶活性在男性生殖中的价值研究进展

据报道,全球有8%～12%的育龄夫妇受到不孕不育症的影响,其中男性因素约占50%的主要原因或促成因素。男性生育能力低下,包括先天性、后天性和特发性因素,这些因素可能会损害精子发生。近年来,精子顶体酶已成为男性不育领域的一研究热点。相关研究发现,精子中的顶体酶可能在精子受精和胚胎发育中起重要作用,精子顶体酶活性作为潜在的精子质量以及男性生殖生物标志,不仅为男性不育的评估开辟了新的视角,也为预测辅助生殖治疗结局提供了一定参考。本文主要从精子顶体酶的功能作用、影响因素及其辅助生殖治疗等方面,综述精子顶体酶活性与男性不育的相关性研究进展,以进一步阐明顶体酶活性在男性不育症诊断中的临床价值。     

ⅢA型非细菌性前列腺炎对精子顶体酶活性及精液参数的影响

目的:探讨非细菌性前列腺炎(CAPA)对精子顶体酶活性及精液参数的影响。方法:检测112例CAPA患者以及45例正常生育男性的精子顶体酶活性及精液参数,比较CAPA患者及对照组精子顶体酶活性及精液参数的差别。结果:CAPA患者精子顶体酶活性、精子活率及(a+b)级精子百分率与正常生育组相比,差异有显著性(P<0.01),而精液pH、密度及精液量两组相比差异无显著性。结论:CAPA患者因精子顶体酶活性降低,精子活动力及受精能力下降引起不育。     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对大鼠附睾的毒性研究

作者观察了饲喂DBP 10天、20天及30天后大鼠附睾的损伤情况。结果表明,饲喂DBP 20天后,大鼠附睾管上皮细胞NSE和SDH活性降低,LDH活性增强;附睾尾悬液中活动与不活动精子比值下降,但附睾管及管壁细胞未见明显形态学改变,血清睾酮浓度也未见异常。     

枸橼酸克罗米芬治疗精子顶体酶异常的疗效观察

目的观察枸橼酸克罗米芬治疗精子顶体酶活性低患者的疗效。方法 65例精子顶体酶活性低于正常的患者分为A、B两组,A组患者接受克罗米芬50mg/d,连续20d;B组患者接受维生素C0.2g/d,连续20d。结果 A组19例患者精子顶体酶大于48.2μIU/106,有效率为57.6%;B组9例患者精子顶体酶大于48.2μIU/106,有效率为28.1%(P0.01)。用药后A组精子顶体酶(59.2±28.3)μIU/106,B组精子顶体酶(36.2±16.9)μIU/106,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论克罗米芬可以有效改善精子顶体酶活性,其机制有待探索。     

不育男性精子DCXR mRNA表达与顶体酶阳性反应率的关系

目的 探讨原因不明男性不育患者精子DCXR mRNA的表达与顶体酶阳性反应率和受精力的关系.方法 收集88例精液标本,其中正常生育组20例,不育男性68例.参照世界卫生组织(WHO)标准方法对标本进行精液常规分析,68例不育标本分为不育A组和不育B组.采用实时荧光定量PCR法,检测DCXR基因mRNA的相对表达量;以固定底物膜法观察顶体酶阳性反应率;以人精子穿透去透明带金黄地鼠卵异种体外受精试验(SPA)检测精子受精力.结果 实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示:正常生育组的精子DCXR基因mRNA的相对表达量明显高于不育A、B两组,经统计学分析均有显著性差异(P＜0.05);不育A、B两组的精子顶体酶阳性反应率和受精率与正常生育组比较均有显著性下降(P＜0.05).相关性分析提示精子DCXR基因mRNA的相对表达量与顶体酶阳性反应率存在正相关性(r=0.440,P＜0.01),精子DCXR基因mRNA的相对表达量与受精率存在正相关性(r=0.422,P＜0.01).结论 原因不明男性不育患者精子DCXR mRNA的表达减少,精子DCXR mRNA的表达与顶体酶阳性反应率和受精率有一定相关性.     

Neurobehavioral toxicity study of dibutyl phthalate on rats following in utero and lactational exposure

To investigate the neurobehavioral effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), an important endocrine disruptor known for reproductive toxicity, on rodent offspring following in utero and lactational exposure, pregnant Wistar rats were treated with DBP (0, 0.037, 0.111, 0.333 and 1% in the diet) from gestation day (GD) 6 to postnatal day (PND) 28, and selected developmental and neurobehavioral parameters of the offspring were measured. There were no significant effects of DBP on body weight gain of the dams during GD 6–20 or on the pups' ages of pinna detachment, incisor eruption or eye opening. Exposure to 1% DBP prolonged gestation period, decreased body weight in both male and female pups, depressed surface righting (PND 7) in male pups, shortened forepaw grip time (PND 10), enhanced spatial learning and reference memory (PND 35) in male pups. Exposure to 0.037% DBP also shortened forepaw grip time (PND 10), but inhibited spatial learning and reference memory in male pups. Sex × treatment effects were found in forepaw grip time (PND 10), spatial learning and reference memory, and the male pups appeared to be more susceptible than the females. However, all levels of DBP exposure did not significantly alter surface righting (PND 4), air righting (PND 16), negative geotaxis (PND 4 or 7), cliff avoidance (PND 7) or open field behavior (PND 28) in either sex. Overall, the dose level of DBP in the present study produced a few adverse effects on the neurobehavioral parameters, and it may alter cognitive abilities of the male rodent. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effects of Ethanol on Locomotor Activity in Rats of Different Ages

Abstract: Using male Sprague-Dawley rats of different ages, simple motor activity was measured over three 4 min. runs in a square open field after ethanol (EtOH, 2 g/kg, intraperitoneally) or saline. The different groups consisted of 12 animals whose mean ages was 20, 40 and 60 days. Motor activity and blood ethanol levels were measured at 30, 60 and 120 min. after injection. Blood ethanol levels (measured after each run) decreased from 1st to 3rd run in 20 and 40 day groups and increased from 1st to 2nd run in the 60 day group, before decreasing. Activity data indicated: 1) decrease in motor activity the 3 runs by all saline and the 21 day EtOH groups, 2) initial lower activity induced by EtOH in all age groups, 3) lack of decrease in activity over 3 runs in 40 and 60 day EtOH groups. All saline and EtOH age groups showed within-run decrease of activity     

Studies on the Effects of Orally Administered Dicyclohexyl Phthalate in the Rat

Abstract: The oral administration of 500–2500 mg/kg/day dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) to young male Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 days resulted in liver enlargement and induction of some parameters of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism. Additional studies indicated that the hepatic enzyme induction resembled that of sodium phenobarbitone rather than that of polycyclic hydrocarbons. Morphological examination of the livers of DCHP treated rats revealed centrilobular cell hypertrophy and ultrastructural examination demonstrated marked proliferation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondrial structure and numbers of peroxisomes (microbodies) were not affected. DCHP treatment did not affect kidney and testes weights but some histological evidence of testicular damage was obtained with 2500 mg/kg/day of DCHP. The metabolites of DCHP, namely monocyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP) and cyclohexanol, also induced certain parameters of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism. MCHP, but not cyclohexanol also produced marked testicular atrophy. It is concluded that DCHP is a weak drug-type inducer of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism in the rat and the hepatic effects of this phthalate diester are different from those of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.     

Effects of Diethyl Phthalate and Other Plasticizers on Laurate Hydroxylation in Rat Liver Microsomes

Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is used in pharmaceutical coatings, cosmetics, and plastic films to wrap foods. There is a health concern associated with the exposure to certain phthalate esters because they belong to a class of compounds referred to as peroxisome proliferators which have been shown to increase the incidence of liver tumors when administered to rats. In this study, we have compared DEP to four other commonly used plasticizers, 2-diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), 2-diethylhexyl adipate (DEHA), and acetyltributyl citrate (ATBC), for their ability to induce the cytochrome P450-mediated fatty acid -hydroxylation system, which is one of the initial cellular responses when animals are treated with peroxisome proliferators. The administration of DEHP, DBP, and DEHA to rats increased the specific activity of laurate 12-hydroxylase from 2.8 ± 1.1 in control rats to 30.3 ± 11.6, 14.5 ± 4.1, and 9.7 ± 1.9 nmol 12-hydroxylaurate formed/min/nmol P450, respectively. In contrast, laurate 12-hydroxylase activity in DEP-and ATBC-treated rats were 4.4 ± 1.2 and 4.4 ± 1.0 nmol 12-hydroxylaurate formed/min/nmol P450, respectively. In addition, whereas DEHP increased peroxisomal palmitoyl-CoA oxidation 6-fold, DEP increased this activity only 1.3-fold. Two protein bands, at 51 and 52 kDa, were found to increase 6- to 12-fold in microsomes of DEHP-, DBP-, and DEHA-treated rats, but these bands were increased only 2-fold in DEP- or ATBC-treated rats.     

Influence of Dibutyl Phthalate on Dermal Sensitization to Fluorescein Isothiocyanate

What limited evidence there is indicates that the formulationin which a chemical allergen is encountered on the skin canhave a marked impact upon the induction of cutaneous immuneresponses and the subsequent development of contact sensitization.The purpose of the present investigations was to examine furtherthis phenomenon by analysis of the influence of dibutyl phthalate(DBP) on dermal sensitization to fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC), a skin sensitizing fluorochrome. Addition of DBP augmentedvery substantially, in a dose-dependent fashion, the abilityof topically applied FITC to stimulate proliferative responsesin mice by draining lymph node cells (LNC), a correlate of skinsensitizing potential. Under these conditions, exposure of miceto DBP alone failed to elicit significant LNC responses. Theinfluence of DBP on the accumulation of dendritic cells (DC)induced by FITC was examined also. Although 10% DBP had littleeffect on the numbers of DC found within draining nodes 18 hrfollowing exposure of mice to FITC, the phthalate did resultin a very substantial increase in the frequency of lymph nodeDC bearing detectable antigen (FITC⁺ DC). Furthermore, in thepresence of DBP the median amount of FITC associated with antigen-bearingDC was higher. In vitro skin absorption studies indicated thatDBP was associated with a small increase in percutaneous absorptionof FITC. Collectively these data demonstrate that the vehicleformulation can exert a marked influence on dermal sensitizationand that one mechanism which may be relevant is the increasedacquisition of antigen by DC, associated possibly with alteredpenetration of the allergen into or through the skin.     

质子泵抑制剂对大鼠体内氯吡格雷抗血小板作用和代谢的影响

目的 研究各种质子泵抑制剂（proton pump inhibitors,PPIs）对大鼠体内氯吡格雷抗血小板作用和代谢的影响。方法 将40只SD ♂大鼠随机分为氯吡格雷组、氯吡格雷+雷贝拉唑组、氯吡格雷+泮托拉唑组、氯吡格雷+兰索拉唑组和氯吡格雷+奥美拉唑组,每组8只。氯吡格雷、雷贝拉唑、泮托拉唑、兰索拉唑和奥美拉唑的给药剂量分别为6.25,1.8,3.6,2.7,3.6 mg·kg^-1·d^-1,连续给药7 d。分别使用光学比浊法和血管扩张刺激磷酸蛋白检测法检测最大血小板聚集率（maximum platelet aggregation rate,MPA）和血小板反应指数（platelet response index,PRI）,并通过LC-MS/MS检测氯吡格雷及其活性代谢物H4的血药浓度。结果 氯吡格雷+雷贝拉唑组、氯吡格雷+兰索拉唑组和氯吡格雷+奥美拉唑组的MPA和PRI均显著高于氯吡格雷组,氯吡格雷+泮托拉唑组的MPA和PRI显著低于氯吡格雷+奥美拉唑组（P<0.05）。与氯吡格雷组比较,氯吡格雷+雷贝拉唑组、氯吡格雷+兰索拉唑组和氯吡格雷+奥美拉唑组的氯吡格雷血药浓度升高,H4血药浓度降低,但差异无统计学意义。结论 联用雷贝拉唑、兰索拉唑及奥美拉唑均会减弱氯吡格雷的抗血小板作用,其中泮托拉唑的抑制作用最弱,奥美拉唑的抑制作用最强。     

Fragment‐Based Design of Novel Quinazolinon Derivatives as Human Acrosin Inhibitors

Human acrosin is a promising target for the male contraceptives. On the basis of the active site of human acrosin, a series of novel quinazolinon compounds were designed by a fragment docking and growing strategy. In vitro anti‐acrosin assay revealed that all the compounds showed potent human acrosin inhibitory activities. In particular, compounds 5c and 5g are more active than the known inhibitors. Molecular docking studies revealed that the quinazolinon inhibitors interacted with human acrosin mainly through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The binding mode was also consistent with the structure–activity relationships. The quinazolinon derivatives in this study can serve as new lead structure for the development of novel male contraceptives.     

常用注射剂表面活性剂对聚氯乙烯输液器中邻苯二甲酸二辛酯溶出的试验研究

目的:考察常用的5种注射剂表面活性剂对聚氯乙烯(PVC)输液器中邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DEHP)溶出的影响。方法:分别配制吐温-80、吐温-40、吐温-20、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、卵磷脂溶液,加入5%葡萄糖注射液中,模拟临床输注方式,用PVC输液器滴注,以高效液相色谱法测定收集液中DEHP峰面积,计算含量,以此考察加入表面活性剂的种类、浓度、输液时间及输液管长度对DEHP溶出的影响。结果:5种表面活性剂对DEHP的溶出能力为吐温-80>吐温-40>吐温-20>聚氧乙烯蓖麻油>卵磷脂,卵磷脂未见溶出DEHP。在表面活性剂种类一定的情况下,DEHP的溶出与其浓度、输液时间以及输液管长度成正相关。结论:本研究可为含有表面活性剂的注射剂选择安全的输液器及药厂生产注射剂时选择表面活性剂提供参考。