红核妇洁洗液联合克霉唑阴道片治疗霉菌性阴道炎的临床研究

目的探讨红核妇洁洗液联合克霉唑阴道片治疗霉菌性阴道炎的临床疗效。方法选取2015年12月—2016年12月在河南省省立医院进行治疗的霉菌性阴道炎患者92例,随机将患者分为对照组(46例)和治疗组(46例)。对照组阴道深部放入克霉唑阴道片,1片/d;治疗组在对照组基础上阴道冲洗和外阴擦洗红核妇洁洗液,与清水按1∶10稀释,2次/d。两组均经过10 d治疗。评价两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者临床症状、GQOLI-74量表评分、血清炎症指标和霉菌检出率。结果治疗后,对照组临床有效率为80.43%,显著低于治疗组的95.65%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组临床症状评分显著降低(P0.05),GQOLI-74量表评分显著升高(P0.05),同时治疗组治疗后临床症状和GQOLI-74量表评分明显优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清IL-1β、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均显著降低(P0.05),IL-2、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平均显著升高(P0.05),同时治疗后治疗组上述血清炎症指标明显优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,对照组霉菌转阴率为52.17%,明显低于治疗组的86.96%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论红核妇洁洗液联合克霉唑阴道片治疗霉菌性阴道炎可有效改善患者临床症状,利于炎症消退和阴道内环境的改善。     

硝呋太尔联合盐酸特比萘芬阴道泡腾片治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的临床研究

目的探讨硝呋太尔联合盐酸特比萘芬阴道泡腾片治疗念珠菌阴道炎的临床疗效。方法选取2013年2月—2017年2月在山东省医学科学院附属医院治疗的念珠菌阴道炎患者200例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各100例。对照组患者给予盐酸特比萘芬阴道泡腾片,睡前1片放入阴道后穹窿处。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服硝呋太尔片,1片/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗14 d。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者临床症状消失时间、阴道灌洗液中细胞因子水平和不同时间复发率。结果治疗后,对照组临床有效率为72%,显著低于治疗组的89%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组患者外阴瘙痒、外阴阴道疼痛、白带异常及外阴阴道充血、红肿症状平均消失时间比对照组明显缩短(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者阴道灌洗液中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平显著降低(P0.05),且治疗组患者阴道灌洗液中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组患者4、8、12周后复发率分别为2%、5%、8%,均显著低于同一时间段的对照组患者复发率,两组比较差异比较均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论硝呋太尔联合盐酸特比萘芬阴道泡腾片治疗念珠菌阴道炎临床疗效显著,能有效改善患处的炎症反应,降低复发率。     

复方黄柏液联合克霉唑栓治疗复发性阴道炎78例临床观察

目的观察复方黄柏液联合克霉唑栓治疗复发性阴道炎的疗效。方法78例确诊为复发性阴道炎患者分为两组：复方黄柏液联合克霉唑栓为治疗组40例。与单独使用克霉唑栓治疗的对照组38例作对比分析。结果使用复方黄柏液联合克霉唑栓的治疗组。在阴道炎症状改善时间明显缩短。症状改善显著。而单独使用克霉唑栓组症状改善不明显。两组用药后阴道健康评分比较具有显著性差异P〈0．05。结论复方黄柏液联合克霉唑栓能有效改善阴道健康状况。     

复方莪术油栓联合雌三醇乳膏治疗老年性阴道炎48例

目的观察复方莪术油栓联合雌三醇乳膏治疗老年性阴道炎的临床疗效。方法将96例老年性阴道炎患者随机均分为两组,各48例。对照组患者每晚清洗外阴后,将复方莪术油栓1粒置入阴道深部,1次／天。治疗组在此基础上,将雌三醇乳膏0．5g置入阴道深部,第1周,1次／天,7d后据症状缓解状况逐渐减至每周使用2次。两组均以4周1个疗程。观察血清雌激素、促卵泡素水平,并判断疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为97．92％,对照组总有效率为77．08％（P〈0．05）。治疗组较对照组阴道健康评分明显增高,血清雌激素水平升高,促卵泡素水平下降,对子宫内膜影响较小。结论复方莪术油栓联合雌三醇乳膏治疗老年性阴道炎,疗效显著,不良反应少。     

复方莪术油栓联合奥硝唑治疗滴虫性阴道炎84例

目的观察奥硝唑联合复方莪术油栓治疗滴虫性阴道炎的临床疗效。方法将168例滴虫性阴道炎患者随机分为两组,各84例,治疗组给予奥硝唑片口服,并局部给予复方莪术油栓治疗,对照组仅局部给予复方莪术油栓治疗,7 d为1个疗程。停药1周后,随诊观察疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为97.61%显著优于对照组的89.29%(P<0.05)。结论奥硝唑联合复方莪术油栓治疗滴虫性阴道炎疗效满意,不良反应少,值得临床推广。     

克霉唑两种剂型治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的效果分析

目的比较克霉唑阴道片与克霉唑栓治疗念珠菌感染性阴道炎在临床疗效、不良反应、用药依从性、复发率等方面的差异。方法 215例经确诊为念珠菌感染性阴道炎患者,随机分为克霉唑阴道片组(112例)和克霉唑栓组(103例),两组患者分别接受克霉唑阴道片和克霉唑栓治疗后,综合对比其治疗情况,作出评价。结果克霉唑阴道片组和克霉唑栓组的总有效率分别为95.5%和94.2%,两组的疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但克霉唑阴道片组患者的用药依从性为100%高于克霉唑栓组的84.5%,复发率为27.0%低于克霉唑栓组21.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),证明克霉唑阴道片具有用药依从性高、不良反应较少、用药疗程短等优点。结论克霉唑阴道片治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的临床综合效果优于克霉唑栓,值得临床上推广应用。     

宫炎平片联合复方甲硝唑阴道栓治疗阴道炎的临床研究

目的探讨宫炎平片联合复方甲硝唑阴道栓治疗阴道炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2015年10月—2016年8月在三门峡市中心医院妇科接受治疗的96例阴道炎患者临床资料,随机分成对照组和治疗组,每组各48例。对照组于月经干净后每晚清洁外阴后于阴道深处置入复方甲硝唑阴道栓,1粒/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上口服宫炎平片,4片/次,3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗2周后进行疗效评价。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后临床症状积分、生活质量积分、白细胞介素2(IL-2)、IL-4、IL-10水平的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为75.00%、91.67%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组临床症状积分、IL-2显著降低,生活质量积分、IL-4、IL-10显著升高,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后治疗组临床症状积分、IL-2低于对照组,生活质量积分、IL-4、IL-10高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论宫炎平片联合复方甲硝唑阴道栓治疗阴道炎具有较好的临床疗效,可明显改善患者临床症状,提高患者生活质量,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

硝呋太尔胶囊联合盐酸环丙沙星栓治疗细菌性阴道炎的临床研究

目的探讨硝呋太尔胶囊联合盐酸环丙沙星栓治疗细菌性阴道炎的临床疗效。方法选取2014年4月—2016年4月在乐东黎族自治县第二人民医院接受诊治的细菌性阴道炎患者84例,按照治疗方法的差别分成对照组和治疗组,每组各42例。对照组睡前清洁外阴后给予盐酸环丙沙星栓,1粒放置阴道深部,1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服硝呋太尔胶囊,2粒/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗14 d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的临床症状消失时间、阴道灌洗液炎性因子和血清氧化应激产物情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为80.95%、95.24%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组白带减少时间、外阴瘙痒消失时间、外阴阴道疼痛消失时间、黏膜充血消失时间均较对照组明显缩短,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组阴道灌洗液中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和白细胞介素-13(IL-13)水平均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标的下降程度明显优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清丙二醛(MDA)和内皮素-1(ET-1)水平均显著降低,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和一氧化氮(NO)水平均显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度明显优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论硝呋太尔胶囊联合盐酸环丙沙星栓治疗细菌性阴道炎具有较好的临床疗效,可明显改善临床症状,降低炎性因子和氧化应激产物水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

康妇炎胶囊联合苦参碱栓治疗阴道炎的临床研究

目的探讨康妇炎胶囊联合苦参碱栓治疗阴道炎的临床疗效。方法收集海南省临高县人民医院2015年2月—2016年2月收治的阴道炎患者84例,按照治疗方法的不同分成对照组和治疗组,每组各42例。对照组使用苦参碱栓,1次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服康妇炎胶囊,3粒/次,2次/d。两组患者均连续治疗14 d。观察两组的临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组的白带减少、外阴瘙痒消失、外阴阴道疼痛消失和黏膜充血消失的时间,以及白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、IL-8和IL-13水平的变化情况。结果治疗后,治疗组的总有效率(95.24%)明显高于对照组(80.95%),两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组治疗后的白带减少、外阴瘙痒消失、外阴阴道疼痛消失和黏膜充血消失的时间均比对照组短,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者阴道灌洗液中IL-2、IL-8和IL-13水平显著降低,同组治疗前后差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组治疗后的上述炎性因子降低更明显,与对照组治疗后的比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论康妇炎胶囊联合苦参碱栓治疗阴道炎效果显著,可明显改善患者临床症状和减轻炎症反应。     

复方甲硝唑阴道栓治疗阴道炎临床观察

目的:深入观察复方甲硝唑阴道栓对阴道炎的治疗效果。方法:选取社区2016年8月-2017年8月收治的96例阴道炎患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组,观察组和对照组,各48例。观察组使用复方甲硝唑阴道栓进行治疗,对照组给予制霉菌素片。结果:对两组的临床治疗效果比较,观察组要显著优于对照组(P0.05);对不良反应发生率和复发率比较,观察组明显小于对照组(P0.05)。结论:复方甲硝唑阴道栓对阴道炎进行治疗,效果极佳,不良反应发生率低,值得广泛推广。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Nachweis einiger Heilmittel in der Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit

Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.