吃点秋茶

9月,天气转凉,适合品一品武夷岩茶。还是先说一段和茶有关的公案。赵州和尚,法名从谂,是唐代一位著名禅宗宗师。有人来参拜他的时候,他问,以前来过吗?来人说,来过。此时,他答,吃茶去。又有人来参拜他的时候,他问,以前来过吗?来人回答说,没有。彼时,他答,吃茶去。     

甲状腺功能减退危象伴呼吸衰竭抢救成功1例

1病案摘要患者女,42岁,因怕冷、乏力10年,加重伴嗜睡2天入院。患者10余年来一直怕冷、乏力,近5年逐渐出现懒动、反应迟钝、全身浮肿、活动后气喘。未系统诊治。入院前2天患者于受凉后出现嗜睡、吐词不清、恶心、纳差,先以“颅内病变?”收住神经内科。查体:体温36℃,血压110/60mmHg,呼吸16次/分。体型肥胖,嗜睡,鼾声呼吸,时有暂停。皮肤粗糙,毛发稀疏干枯,口唇肥厚。两侧甲状腺未触及肿大。两下肺可闻及湿性口罗音。心率68次/分,律齐,心音低钝、遥远,各瓣膜听诊区无杂音。肠鸣音减弱。四肢非凹陷性水肿。四肢肌张力减低,病理反射未引出。实…     

关于论文中表格的要求

文中列表是为了将统计资料简明准确地表达出来,使读者容易了解。因此,要简明扼要、栏目清楚、数字准确。如果表中数字不多,能在文中叙述清楚,就不必列表。表中栏目过繁,文字过多,也不宜列表。表格和文中的内容要避免重复,栏目的划分和层次应简明,次要的内容应省略。表中一律不用竖线。每栏的数字计量单位要一致。同一表中的小数位要统一,小数点后为0时不要空,以"0"补充。合计数字要横竖相符。统计学处理结果可在表中列出。列表一般以数字为主,必须以文字说明时,可用"。"号注出,于表格下说明。表格的位置应放在相应的文字之后。     

铁海棠

【科属】大戟科植物。【别名】麒麟花,老虎竻、狮子竻,玉麒麟、番鬼刺,海棠,万年刺等。【性味】性凉,味苦,有毒。【分布】我国广东、广西、福建、贵州等地。【采集】全年可采铁海棠茎叶、根及乳汁,晒干或鲜用。铁海棠花亦供药用。【功用主治】排脓,解毒,逐水。治痈疮,横痃,肝炎,大腹水肿等。     

采用综合疗法治愈1例强迫症

1一般资料1.1人口学资料李某,女,20岁,汉族,未婚,大学三年级,家住南京市,平时住校,周末回家。1.2个人成长史母孕期健康,足月顺产。幼年发育正常。7岁上学,小学、中学学习成绩一般。顺利考入一所普通高校后,对所学专业     

顽痰咳嗽都“滚”开

【医案选录】刑部主政杨星臣,宁乡人,与余为前后同年,喘咳廿余年。每咳甚,或至晕绝不醒。医药不啻百数,而终罔获效。在星槎侍御处谈及其病,喟然长叹,忧形于色。余问君服何药,星翁云:"医家皆谓余好内阴亏,所服药皆滋补剂。年近五旬,不敢强辩,然心窃非之。"余问:     

山西连翘最为道地

连翘为木犀科植物连翘的干燥果实,秋季果实初熟,尚带绿色时采收。除去杂质,蒸熟,晒干,习称“青翘”;果实熟透时采收,晒干,除去杂质,习称“老翘”。其味苦,微寒。归肺、心、小肠经。清热解毒,消肿散结,疏散风热。用于治疗痈疽,瘰疬,乳痈,丹毒,风热感冒,温病初起,高热烦渴等。     

中药饮片标准(连载)

石榴皮【来源】本品为石榴科植物石榴PunicagranatumL.的干燥果皮。秋季果实成熟顶端开裂时采摘,寻取果皮,干燥。【饮片品种】石榴皮,石榴皮炭。【性状】石榴皮为不规则的丝状。外表面红棕色、棕黄色或紫棕色,内面黄色或红棕色。断面鲜黄色,质硬而脆。气微,味苦涩。石榴皮炭形如石榴皮。表面黑褐色,断面焦黄色。【鉴别】石榴皮取本品粉末1g,加水10ml,置60℃水浴中加热10钟,趁热滤过。取滤液1ml加1%三氯化铁乙醇溶液1滴,即显墨绿色。【性味与归经】酸、涩,温。归大肠经。【功能与主治】石榴皮涩肠止泻,止血,驱虫。用于久泻久痢,便血,脱肛,崩…     

饥饿是很好的锻炼

"有人把"贪吃"当成胃强壮,其实贪吃是一种心理疾病。在我二十岁出头的那几年,胃口好得出奇。每天深夜,我们都聚集在烤串摊前。哪怕是积雪的冬天,冻得浑身发抖,围坐在火光面前,烤得脸颊微微发烫。我们扯淡,喝酒,满嘴黄段子,肆无忌惮。鸡脖子,肉筋,大腰子,烤得外皮焦酥里     

最强大的是时间

①多少热闹,都熬不过一个时间:有一天。有一天,炙手可热的,突然黯淡了;有一天,阿谀恃宠的,突然失势了;有一天,春风得意的,突然落魄了;有一天,一直前呼后拥的,突然冷清了;有一天,始终鞍前马后的,突然翻脸不认人了。——人生多少热闹,都在有一天,成了烟云。繁华逝,热闹散,人到苍凉,易被冷眼看。才知道,人生宜淡泊经营,浮华不得,喧嚣不得,更张狂不得。人也只有在大起大落大荣大辱之后,才会活得明白,才会活得老实。当然了,没有大欲望,就没有大惊扰。活得战战兢兢的人,大都是欲望强烈的     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.