资助项目

<正>资助(基金)项目用来表明论文研究工作的资助背景,属于论文题名的一种注释。其表达形式一般为"资助项目:项目名(项目编号)"或"项目名(项目编号)",有的出版物还要求给出基金项目的英文名称。一篇论文有多个资助项目时,各项目应依次列出,其间用标点符号(多为分号)分隔。例如:基金项目:国家自然科学基金(30471120,30671246);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2006AA10Z1A5,2006AA100101);     

消息报道

第九届中国药学会-施维雅青年药物化学奖和专项研究资助项目评选工作已经开始,现将有关事宜通知如下。1获奖候选人及专项研究资助项目申请人条件①中国药学会会员。②年龄在42周岁以下(1964年1月1日以后出生)。③在国内从事药物化学研究并取得优秀成绩(不包括在国外做过的工作)。④3年内无长期(超过或等于1年)出国计划。⑤面向边远地区的专项资助项目,申请人应     

基金项目

正基金项目指文章产出的资助背景,如国家自然科学基金、国家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技攻关计划、国家重点基础研究发展规划、卫生部科学研究基金、某某省、直辖市、自治区卫生厅或局(科技厅、中医药管理局等)资助项目等。     

基金项目

<正>基金项目指文章产出的资助背景,如国家自然科学基金、国家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技攻关计划、国家重点基础研究发展规划、卫生部科学研究基金、某某省、直辖市、自治区卫生厅或局(科技厅、中医药管理局等)资助项目等。     

基金项目

<正>基金项目指文章产出的资助背景,如国家自然科学基金、国家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技攻关计划、国家重点基础研究发展规划、卫生部科学研究基金、某某省、直辖市、自治区卫生厅或局(科技厅、中医药管理局等)资助项目等。     

基金项目

<正>基金项目指文章产出的资助背景,如国家自然科学基金、国家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技攻关计划、国家重点基础研究发展规划、卫生部科学研究基金、某某省、直辖市、自治区卫生厅或局(科技厅、中医药管理局等)资助项目等。获得基金资助产出的文章应在文章首页地脚左边以"[基金项目]"作为标识,注明基金项目全称,并在圆括号内注明其项目     

基金项目

<正>基金项目指文章产出的资助背景,如国家自然科学基金、国家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技攻关计划、国家重点基础研究发展规划、卫生部科学研究基金、某某省、直辖市、自治区卫生厅或局(科技厅、中医药管理局等)资助项目等。获得基金资助产出的文章应在文章首页地脚左边以"[基金项目厂作为标识,注明基金项目全称,并在圆括号内注明其项目     

基金项目

<正>基金项目指文章产出的资助背景,如国家自然科学基金、国家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技攻关计划、国家重点基础研究发展规划、卫生部科学研究基金、某某省、直辖市、自治区卫生厅或局(科技厅、中医药管理局等)资助项目等。     

基金项目

正基金项目指文章产出的资助背景,如国家自然科学基金、国家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技攻关计划、国家重点基础研究发展规划、卫生部科学研究基金、某某省,辖市、自治区卫生厅或局(科技厅、中医药管理局等)资助项目等。获得基金资助产出的文章应在文章首页地脚左边以     

基金项目

<正>基金项目指文章产出的资助背景,如国家自然科学基金、同家高技术研究发展计划、国家科技攻关计划、国家重点基础研究发展规划、卫生部科学研究基金、某某省、直辖市、自治区卫生厅或局(科技厅、中医药管理局等)资助项目等。获得基金资助产出的文章应在文章首页地脚左边以"[基金项目]"作为标识,注明基金项目全称,并在网括号内注明其项目编号。如果文章首页地脚左边同时标注作者简介,     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Nachweis einiger Heilmittel in der Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit

Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.