石吊兰素对心脏的作用

石吊兰素(Nevadensin)是从苦苣苔科植物吊石苣苔(Lysionotns PauciflorusMazim)中分离出的一个黄酮甙元,具有抗炎、降压、类皮质激素样作用。临床治疗颈淋巴结核及支气管炎等均有良效。现将其对心脏的作用报告于下。方法与结果所用石吊兰素经贵州省药品检验所测定其     

分光光度法测定红花黄色素含量

红花(Carthamus tinctorius L.)为菊科红花属药用红花的干燥花,俗名草红花,功能活血通经,散瘀止痛。临床常用于冠心病,心绞痛,脑血栓等疾病的治疗。红花黄色素(safflor yellow,SY)是红花主要水溶性组分,为混合查尔酮苷。药理研究表明SY有抗凝、抗缺氧、降血压等作用。UV法测定红花中SY的含量已有报道,但该文以混合物SY对照品做标准曲线,使其测定结果偏高。本文以羟基红花黄色素A做对照品,采用UV法测定SY含量,试图为红花质控提供一简便准确的方法。     

红花黄素预处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的预防作用

心肌缺血引起心肌细胞坏死,心肌收缩功能减弱,诱发心脏自律性紊乱.近年来研究表明心肌缺血预适应(Ischemic preconditioning,IPC)对短时心肌缺血保护作用是通过体内释放腺苷、缓激肽等活性物质产生的自身保护作用[1].因此利用在体内能诱生活性物质的药物保护心脏以至血管,成为心血管药理性预处理研究的新领域[2].但对心肌的保护作用强度还不足以满足临床需要.因此,研究增强预适应效应的理论,寻找预适应保护作用增强剂已成为迫切需要.近年来研究证实红花黄素(Safflor yellow, SY)具有抗心肌缺血的作用[3],但其对缺血再灌注(Ischemia/Reperfusion I/R)心肌损伤的预防及对IPC作用的影响尚未见报道.本研究旨在用大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型,观察红花黄素对缺血再灌注心肌损伤的预防作用,并探讨其作用机制.     

红花注射液对高血压病患者氧自由基及红细胞流变性的影响

目的探讨红花注射液对高血压病的疗效。方法收集75例高血压病患者,采用红花注射液配合基础降压治疗,观察治疗前后血清SOD、MDA及红细胞流变性的变化。结果红花注射液有较强的抗氧自由基损伤和抗脂质过氧化损伤作用。结论红花注射液不仅有明显降压作用,而且在防治和延缓高血压引起的并发症方面亦有较好的疗效。     

黄芩素的药理学研究进展

黄芩素(黄芩苷元,BaicaleinBAI)是从唇形科植物黄芩的干燥根中提取的有效成份之一,具有多种药理作用,如:抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、抗变态反应、抗氧化、清除氧自由基、抗癌、抗肿瘤、抗凝、抗血栓形成和保护肝脏、心脑血管、神经元等作用。目前临床主要用于抗炎和抗菌。现概述国内外对黄芩素的药理作用及可能的作用机制的研究进展,为黄芩素的开发和更广泛地应用于临床提供依据。1抗菌、抗病毒黄芩抗菌范围较广,体外试验证明,其煎剂对多种革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌及螺旋体等均有抑制作用。BAI对尖孢镰刀菌和白色念珠菌有抑制作用,最小抑制…     

雪胆素的研究进展

本文针对国内外对雪胆素的提取分离、药理作用和临床应用等方面的研究状况进行综述。雪胆属植物中多富含雪胆素,具有抑菌、抗肿瘤、抗人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)活性和抗胃溃疡等作用。     

黄芩素对糖尿病周围神经病变保护作用机制研究进展

糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症之一,也是糖尿病患者致残、致死的主要原因。黄芩素具有抗炎、抗变态反应、抗氧化应激、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗血栓形成和保护肝、心脑血管、神经元等多种生物学作用。黄芩素对糖尿病周围神经病变有一定的防治作用,本文对黄芩素防治糖尿病周围神经病变的作用机制作一综述。     

川芎素联用硝苯地平对原发性高血压病患者血脂和血压的影响

目的观察川芎素联用硝苯地平对原发性高血压病(EH)患者血脂和血压(BP)的影响,以探讨其调脂和额外降压作用。方法采用随机、单盲法将60例原发性高血压病患者分为A、B两组,A组30例口服硝苯地平+川芎素+低脂饮食,B组30例口服硝苯地平+安慰剂+低脂饮食,疗程均为4周,分别在治疗前、后检测患者的血脂和血压。结果治疗后两组患者的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)水平间差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者的血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平间差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平间差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者的药物不良反应率间差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论川芎素联用硝苯地平对原发性高血压病患者具有调脂和额外降压作用。     

牡荆素的药理研究

从药用植物分离的牡荆素(Vitexin,VT)显示明显的降压、抗感染和抗痉挛(非特异性的)活性。其降压作用的机制是阻断神经节所致;而抗感染作用是由于抗组织胺、抗缓激肽和抗血清素(5-羟色胺)所致。选择心血管和吸呼系统、平滑肌和骨胳肌、中枢神经系统、抗感染作用和毒性等参数进行药代动力学和抗感染研究。     

芹菜甲素和乙素的抗惊厥作用

1-芹菜甲素(1-3-丁基苯酞)和1-芹菜乙素(1-3-丁基-4,5二氢苯酞)是从芹菜籽分离出的抗惊厥有效成分。在小于TD₅₀剂量下,对最大电休克(MES),最小电休克(MET),戊四唑(MST)和原发听源性惊厥(MAS)等四种动物模型有效,可认为有广泛的抗惊作用。其人工合成的dl-芹菜甲素(dl-3-丁基苯酞)更有抗惊作用强,毒性小和便于推广应用的优点。     

HPLC和~1HNMR分析确定cis－A－和cis－B－羟甲芬太尼的组成和构型

羟甲芬太尼（１）是一个强效的镇痛剂和高亲和、高选择性的阿片μ受体激动剂。通过ＨＰＬＣ和１ＨＮＭＲ分析，ｃｉｓ－Ａ－ｌ被确定为由等量的ｃｉｓ－（＋）－（３Ｒ，４Ｓ，２＇Ｓ）－ｌ和：ｃｉｓ－（—）－（３Ｓ，４Ｒ，２＇Ｒ）－１组成的外消旋体，ｃｉｓ－Ｂ－ｌ被确定为由等量的ｃｉｓ－（—）－（３Ｒ，４Ｓ，２＇Ｒ）－１和ｃｉｓ－（＋）－（３Ｓ，４Ｒ，２＇Ｓ）－１组成的外消旋体。     

TOXIC AND CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF PARENTERAL AND PERCUTANEOUS ATP AND ITS IRON COMPLEX

ABSTRACT

The long term effects of percutaneous, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration of sodium–ATP (NaATP) and ferric iron–ATP (FeATP) were studied on an animal model. Both compounds induce a generalized lymphoadenitis which in the case of FeATP led to lymphomas. The analytical study of the involved target tissues showed intracellular composition changes that result from the impairment of the cell membrane permeability. The morbidity and mortality rate were higher with FeATP which seems to be the result of two different, in intensity and duration, interactions with the cell plasma membrane. The influence of the changes in cellular calcium homeostasis, and its relationship with carcinogenesis and immuno response are discussed.     

苦参碱及氧化苦参碱的药代动力学与药效动力学

以QTc延长率为效应指标,用药代动力学-药效动力学结合模型对苦参碱、氧化苦参碱iv后在免体内的处置和效应动力学作定量分析,两药的血浓时程均符合二房室模型,两药的效应与效应室浓度之间的关系均符合S形E_max模型。两药彼此的药动学和药效学性质均有明显差异,但它们各自的劳动学和药效学性质在所用剂量范围内均为非剂量依赖性。     

顶头孢霉229与12的分生孢子及原生质体的形成和再生

头孢菌素产生菌顶头孢霉菌株229的沉没培养或斜面培养都可形成分生孢子,并可用普通滤纸将它们与菌丝及节孢子分开,但是它们成活率极低.这种成活的分生孢子的数量与培养基成分有关.菌丝培养基成分对制备顶头孢霉原生质体有显著影响.用一种MM培养基培养的菌丝,不经巯基化合物预处理,酶解(1%纤维素酶)3小时后,可得到大量原生质体.原生质体的再生频率为1.8～4.6%.与分生孢子形成的菌落相比,原生质体再生菌落的产抗生素能力显示出较大的变异性.本文还讨论了山梨醇与Nikkomycin对菌丝生长形态及原生质体形成的影响.     

冰毒吸食者焦虑抑郁情绪和自我概念的测评及相关分析

目的:了解冰毒吸食者焦虑抑郁情绪和自我概念状况,探讨二者之间的关系,为临床心理干预提供依据。方法:采用抑郁自评量表(SDS),焦虑自评量表(SAS)和田纳西自我概念量表(TSCS)对36例强制戒毒的冰毒吸食者(研究组)和36例健康人群(对照组)进行调查,将结果进行统计学处理分析。结果:(1)研究组SDS,SAS评分明显高于对照组,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.01);(2)TSCS评分比较,研究组除自我批评因子分高于对照组外,其余各因子分均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);(3)TSCS与SAS和SDS之间具有高度相关性(r=0.411-0.462,P<0.01)。结论:冰毒吸食者焦虑抑郁情绪明显,表现为消极的自我概念;焦虑抑郁情绪影响自我概念。临床治疗中应关注戒毒者负性情绪和自我概念,采取有效措施帮助他们消除负性情绪,树立积极的自我概念,促进心理康复。     

PLASMA AND PITUITARY PROLACTIN AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN BROMOCRIPTINE-TREATED SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE AND WISTAR-KYOTO RATS

1. The effects on blood pressure (BP) and plasma and pituitary prolactin (PRL) of a 13 day intraperitoneal infusion of bromocriptine delivered by osmotic minipump were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and their normotensive controls, the Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). 2. In the SHR, a fall in BP which was steepest over the initial few days and sustained up to day 12 was observed in the bromocriptine-treated group compared with the lack of a change in BP observed in the vehicle-treated group. The plasma PRL level taken on day 13 was found to be significantly lower in the bromocriptine-treated group than in the vehicle-treated group. 3. In the WKY, bromocriptine had no significant effect on either BP or plasma PRL. 4. Pituitary PRL content was significantly lower in the SHR than in the WKY. The suppression by bromocriptine treatment was greater in the SHR than in the WKY. 5. These results provide further evidence for a central dopaminergic insufficiency in the SHR and raise the possibility that PRL may, either directly or indirectly by interacting with other factors in the SHR, influence BP.     

SODIUM AND NORADRENALINE IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID AND BLOOD IN SALT-SENSITIVE AND NON-SALT-SENSITIVE ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

1. The effects of dietary sodium on blood pressure and levels of sodium, other electrolytes and noradrenaline (NA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood of 15 patients with essential hypertension were studied. The CSF and blood sampling was carried out after 7 days of a high salt intake (16-18 g/day) and after 7 days of a low salt intake (1-3 g/day). 2. Blood pressure and sodium concentrations in CSF and serum were significantly higher in the high salt period than the low salt period (CSF Na+ concentration: 147.7 +/- 0.4 mmol/L vs 145.3 +/- 0.5 mmol/L; P less than 0.001). Levels of CSF pressure and potassium or calcium concentrations were not different between the two periods. Plasma NA and plasma renin activity (PRA) were lower and CSF NA levels tended to be lower in the high salt period. 3. The levels and the changes in sodium and NA in CSF were not significantly different between the salt-sensitive (n = 8) and the non-salt-sensitive (n = 7) subjects, but the changes in plasma NA and PRA were smaller in the salt-sensitive subjects. 4. These results indicate that the sympathetic nervous system is less suppressed in salt-sensitive subjects during high salt intake. This may be due to altered neural responsiveness to sodium loading rather than being greater increases in sodium concentration in the central nervous system.