GP73 融合蛋白原核表达及纯化

目的：原核表达并纯化高尔基体糖蛋白-73（GolgiProtein73,GP73）。方法以人肝癌细胞系HepG2总RNA为模板,经RT-PCR扩增GP73基因,克隆至原核表达载体pET-21a（＋）-TRX中,转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,IPTG诱导表达。His-tag磁珠纯化重组蛋白GP73,SDS-PAGE鉴定。结果克隆目的基因的序列正确,未发生碱基突变;重组表达质粒pET21a（＋）-TRX-GP73经双酶切鉴定构建正确;表达的重组蛋白相对分子量为80 kD,与预期相符。结论本实验成功在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中表达并纯化了GP73重组蛋白,为后续研究奠定了基础。     

人TIMP-2基因的克隆及其原核表达

目的 构建人TIMP-2重组表达载体,并在大肠杆菌BL21 (DE3)中表达.方法 提取人肝癌细胞(Hep G2)总RNA后,经RT-PCR扩增获得目的片段,插入克隆载体pMD18-T;酶切鉴定和测序后将TIMP-2导入原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,构建重组质粒pGEX-TIMP-2.将重组质粒转化至大肠杆菌菌株BL21 (DE3)中,IPTG诱导融合蛋白表达后用SDS-PAGE电泳检测并用western blot验证(蛋白质印迹法).结果 成功构建原核重组表达载体pGEX-TIMP-2,并在原核宿主BL21中大量表达融合蛋白GST-TIMP-2.结论 克隆人TIMP-2基因并在原核生物中大量表达.     

人胰岛素样生长因子—1在大肠杆菌中的表达

为获得大量的人胰岛素样生长因子-1（human Insulin-like Growth Factor-1,hIGF-1)产品,构建了hIGF-1原核表达系统。设计引物,引入Nde I和Hind Ⅲ酶切位点,以人工合成构建的pUCIGF质粒为模板,CR扩增hIGF-1基因。酶切后,克隆于原核表达载体pRSET B中,构建pRSET-IGF重组质粒,转化入肠杆菌BL21（DE3）进行表达。带有重组质粒pRSET-IGF的大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）经IPTG诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE分析表明：可表达出相对分子质量78000的蛋白,重组蛋白以非融合、可溶性形式表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白量的10%～20%,Western印记表明重组蛋白具有hIGF-1的抗原活性。构建的pRSET-IGF重组质粒成功地在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中高效可溶性表达,为获得大量基因工程产品奠定了基础。     

胞苷磷酸激酶基因的克隆与原核表达

目的:克隆胞苷磷酸激酶(CMPK)基因,构建携带CMPK基因的原核表达载体,诱导表达具有活性的重组CMPK融合蛋白,获得转基因工程菌.方法:利用PCR法扩增大肠杆菌基因组DNA,纯化的PCR产物链接至pMD18-T载体上,得到重组质粒pMD18-T-CMPK,转化E-coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,酶切鉴定;分别用BamH I和XhoI限制性内切酶双酶切重组质粒pMD18-TCMPK和pET28a(+)表达载体.连接后,转入E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,酶切鉴定.用终浓度1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导一定时间(3、6h)后,取E.coli上清液做电泳分析.结果:所获CMPK基因全长为786 bp,编码含有262个氨基酸的蛋白,当A值为0.6～0.8时重组质粒经IPTG诱导3h后,相对分子质量约30000处出现目的蛋白条带,随着时间的延长,蛋白表达量增加不明显.结论:成功地克隆CMPK基因,表达了大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)重组CMPK融合蛋白,为胞苷磷酸激酶进一步开发和应用奠定基础.     

线虫抗凝血蛋白AcaNAP7基因克隆、表达及抗凝活性鉴定

目的在大肠杆菌中表达犬钩虫线虫抗凝血蛋白NAP7(AcaNAP7)成熟蛋白,并鉴定表达产物的抗凝活性。方法根据AcaNAP7的核苷酸序列设计引物,从克隆质粒pUCm-T/AcaNAP7中扩增编码AcaNAP7成熟蛋白的基因;扩增产物经双酶切定向克隆到原核表达载体PET-32a中;构建的重组表达质粒转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达;表达产物经镍琼脂糖凝胶FF纯化后,用凝血酶原时间(PT)和活化的部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT)检测体外抗凝血活性。结果克隆了编码AcaNAP7成熟蛋白的基因并构建了重组表达质粒pET-32a/AcaNAP7;在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中高效地表达了融合有硫氧还蛋白(Trx)的目的蛋白,产物主要以可溶形式存在;镍琼脂糖凝胶亲和纯化获得了纯度高达92%的目的蛋白;纯化产物能明显延长PT及aPTT,其延长PT比延长aPTT更有效。结论在大肠杆菌中成功表达了AcaNAP7融合蛋白,表达产物具有抗凝活性。该实验为进一步研究AcaNAP7的功能及应用奠定了基础。     

大鼠血栓调节蛋白基因的克隆及在原核细胞中的表达

目的研究大鼠血栓调节蛋白基因的扩增、克隆及在原核细胞中的表达。方法以大鼠基因组DNA为模板,进行PCR扩增,用pMD18-Tsimple vector进行T克隆并测序。经EcoRⅠ和SalⅠ双酶切,将目的基因克隆到pET-28a(+)表达载体质粒中,转化E.coliBL21(DE3)表达重组蛋白,通过SDS-PAGE分析表达产物。结果含有大鼠血栓调节蛋白基因的PCR产物约为1850bp。重组pMD18-Tsimple vector质粒和重组pET-28a(+)质粒经EcoRⅠ和SalⅠ双酶切后,有相应大小的目的片段,测序结果正确。经IPTG诱导,重组pET-28a(+)质粒在E.coliBL21(DE3)中有相对分子质量约为72000的融合蛋白表达。结论成功克隆了大鼠血栓调节蛋白基因,并成功表达了该基因编码的蛋白。     

波形蛋白基因的构建、表达及鉴定

文章进行波形蛋白(VIM)基因重组质粒的构建,并进行表达与鉴定,为开辟新的肝癌诊断方法奠定基础。从人宫颈癌细胞(HELA)中提取总RNA并采用PR-PCR及PCR技术克隆VIM基因,经酶切连接等构建带有GST标签的PGEX-4T-1-VIM重组表达质粒,在大肠杆菌DH5α菌中扩增重组质粒,并在BL21菌中进行诱导表达,通过SDS-PAGE及Western blotting等进行鉴定。重组及表达蛋白Vimentin的融合蛋白,为建立一种新的肝癌早期诊断方法奠定基础。     

麻疹H基因克隆及表达条件优化

目的克隆麻疹H蛋白基因,构建重组表达质粒,诱导表达蛋白。方法麻疹Edmonston株减毒活疫苗中提取基因组RNA,RT-PCR扩增H基因。用限制性内切酶EcoRI和HindⅢ双酶切H蛋白基因片段和pET30a(+)载体,连接后获得重组质粒MV-H-pET30a(+),转化至BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达。结果 RT-PCR扩增片段长度约为1900bp,与MV-H基因相符。MV-H-pET30a(+)测序结果显示:MV-H基因对码正确,核苷酸序列符合率达99.7%。SDS-PAGE结果表明,菌体中含有特异性蛋白,大小约为86kD。结论在pET30a(+)成功克隆麻疹H基因,并有目的蛋白表达。     

D-氨基酸氧化酶和戊二酰-7-氨基头孢烷酸酰基转移酶基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆和共表达 Luo H等[Enzyme Microb Technol，2004，35（6-7）：514．518]

为了将头孢菌素C转化成-7-氨基头孢烷酸(7-ACA)，克隆了来源于变异三角酵母的D-氨基酸氧化酶(DAAO)基因和来源于假单孢菌的戊二酰-7-氨基头孢烷酸(GL-7-ACA)酰基转移酶基因，并在重组大肠杆菌中表达。对DAAO重组菌BL21(DE3)/pET-DAAO而言，通过分批补料培养可获得250U／ml的高DAAO活性。信号肽序列缺失的GL-7-ACA酰基转移酶基因也成功地在重组大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)／pET-ACY中得到表达，     

黑曲霉孢子悬液贮存期的验证

目的：对贮存期的黑曲霉孢子悬液的质量进行考察和研究。方法：采用计数法及药敏实验对黑曲霉孢子悬液在贮存期的变化进行分析。结果：低温（4℃）保存6个月内黑曲霉孢子悬液菌落计数结果稳定,药物敏感性未出现变化,符合药典的规定。结论：在实验中,验证过的储存期内黑曲霉孢子悬液可直接稀释使用。     

Hydrolysis of timosaponin BII by the crude enzyme from Aspergillus niger AS 3.0739

Timosaponin BII (1), a steroidal saponin showing potential anti-dementia activity, was regioselectively hydrolyzed into its deglycosyl derivatives by the crude enzyme from Aspergillus niger AS 3.0739. Three biotransformation products, timosaponin BII-a (2), timosaponin BII-b (3), and timosaponin BII-c (4), were purified and their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D NMR, 2D NMR, FAB-MS, and HR-ESI-MS spectral data. Compounds 2 and 3 are new compounds.     

Novel effect of voriconazole on conidiation of Aspergillus species

Our previous studies of Aspergillus fumigatus showed that colonies that grew in the presence of voriconazole (VCZ) were characteristically white without pigmentation. We therefore investigated the effect of various triazoles on conidiation and pigmentation in four commonly isolated Aspergillus species and the results were compared with those obtained for polyene and echinocandin classes of antifungal drugs. Aspergillus cultures were grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar containing subinhibitory concentrations of the antifungal drugs; fungal colonies that grew in the presence of drug were examined microscopically for conidiation and the number of conidia per fungal colony was determined by haemocytometry. Voriconazole at 0.125-0.5 mg/l inhibited conidiation in A. fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus nidulans producing white colonies. The effect of voriconazole was concentration dependent and greater than 99% inhibition of conidiation was obtained in A. flavus at 0.5 mg/l. When the white colonies were subcultured on drug-free medium, they readily produced conidia and pigmentation indicating that the effect is reversible. Other triazoles such as itraconazole (ITZ) and posaconazole (PCZ) were poor inhibitors of conidiation. On the other hand, ravuconazole (RCZ) with structural similarity to voriconazole inhibited conidiation in A. fumigatus and A. flavus, but not in A. niger and A. nidulans. Amphotericin B (AMB), nystatin (NYS), caspofungin (CFG) and micafungin (MFG) showed no effect on conidiation. Varying ability among the triazoles to inhibit conidiation in Aspergillus species suggests that the mechanism of action may be unrelated to the well-known inhibition of p450-dependent 14alpha-sterol demethylase, and perhaps is due to direct or indirect effect on the formation of conidia.     

真菌性外耳道炎感染患者病原菌分布及其耐药性分析

目的 分析陕西地区3所医院真菌性外耳道炎患者常见病原性真菌分布及耐药性.方法 收集3所医院2016年1月至2019年12月诊疗的真菌性外耳道炎患者外耳道标本中致病性真菌,进行药敏试验,使用SPSS23.0软件统计分析.结果 共分离出致病性真菌82株,其中黑曲霉53株,黄曲霉13株,念珠菌属11株.曲霉菌属对伊曲康唑、伏...     

黑曲霉AS 3.739对莪术二酮的羟基化修饰

目的筛选对莪术二酮具有羟基化修饰作用的菌株。方法通过二级发酵法培养菌株,应用TLC和HPLC法检测转化结果 ,通过硅胶柱层析法分离纯化羟基化产物,应用光谱学方法鉴定产物的化学结构。结果从数十株丝状真菌筛选得到黑曲霉AS 3.739对莪术二酮具有羟基化修饰作用,并分离、纯化和鉴定了2种主要产物1、2。结论用黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)AS3.739对莪术二酮实现了羟基化修饰,2种产物分别鉴定为2β-羟基莪术二酮(1)和3α-羟基莪术二酮(2),其中主产物2为首次用曲霉(Aspergillus)菌属转化获得。     

药品检验用市售玫瑰红钠琼脂培养基质量研究

研究中国药品检验用玫瑰红钠琼脂培养基整体质量水平,为《中国药典》等药品质量标准的修订提供技术支持。方法：使用4个质控菌对国内外7家培养基生产商的玫瑰红钠琼脂培养基进行质量评价。结果：不同培养基的pH存在差异。7个生产商的培养基对白色念珠菌和黑曲霉的生长率均大于0．7,生长率均值差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。7个培养基和对照培养基对金黄色葡萄球菌的选择因子均大于6;8个培养基产品对大肠埃希菌的选择因子表现出差别,A、B、C、E、G和对照培养基无抑制性（选择性）;D和F表现出一定选择性。结论：不同厂家的药品检验用玫瑰红钠琼脂培养基的促生长能力表现一致;不同厂家产品的pH和对大肠埃希菌的选择性存在差异。     

Konjac glucomannan/xanthan gum enzyme sensitive binary mixtures for colonic drug delivery

The polysaccharide konjac glucomannan (KGM) is degraded in the colon but not the small intestine, which makes it potentially useful as an excipient for colonic drug delivery. With xanthan gum (XG) KGM forms thermoreversible gels with hitherto unexplored biodegradation properties. In this work, rheological measurements of KGM and KGM/XG systems incubated with and without Aspergillus niger beta-mannanase (used to mimic colonic enzymes) showed that KGM was degraded by the enzyme even when interacting with XG. Tablets with KGM/XG/sucrose matrices that varied in accordance with a simplex design and bore diltiazem as a typical highly soluble drug load were prepared by wet granulation, and in most cases were found to possess satisfactory mechanical strength and exhibit slow, nearly zero-order drug release. Drug release from these tablets remained zero-order, but was accelerated (presumably due to degradation of KGM), in the presence of A. niger beta-mannanase at concentrations equivalent to human colonic conditions. However, marked differences between Japanese and American varieties of KGM as regards degree of acetylation and particle size led to significant differences in swelling rate and drug release between formulations prepared with one and the other KGM: whereas a formulation with Japanese KGM released its entire drug load within 24h in the presence of beta-mannanase, only 60% release was achieved under the same conditions by the corresponding formulation with American KGM, suggesting that with this KGM it will be necessary to optimize technological variables such as compression pressure in order to achieve suitable porosity, swelling rate, and drug release. To sum up, the results of this study suggest that sustained release of water-soluble drugs in the colon from orally administered tablets may be achieved using simple, inexpensive formulations based on combinations of KGM and XG that take the variability of KGM characteristics into account.     

β-Galactosidase from Aspergillus niger in adult lactose malabsorption: a double-blind crossover study

An assessment was made of the efficacy of a beta-galactosidase, obtained from Aspergillus niger and added to intact milk, in decreasing lactose malabsorption and intolerance. Sixteen adult patients with malabsorption and intolerance to this sugar were studied in a double-blind crossover study vs. placebo. A 5-hour hydrogen breath test was used to assess malabsorption of lactose contained in 400 ml milk. When compared with placebo, the addition of exogenous lactase to intact milk caused a statistically significant reduction in the maximum breath H2 concentration (P less than 0.01) and in the cumulative H2 excretion (P less than 0.005). In the same way, the cumulative index for gastrointestinal intolerance was significantly lower (P less than 0.005) after the ingestion of lactase-added milk. This study demonstrates that enzyme replacement therapy, with beta-galactosidases obtained from Aspergillus niger, is effective in decreasing lactose malabsorption and its consequent intolerance in adult subjects with lactase deficiency.     

In vitro activities of amphotericin B and AmBisome against Aspergillus isolates recovered from Italian patients treated for haematological malignancies

Although there is evidence that liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) is non-inferior to amphotericin B (AmB) in terms of in vivo efficacy, in vitro data regarding the activity of AmBisome against clinical isolates of Aspergillus are rare. In this study, the susceptibilities to AmB and AmBisome of 103 Aspergillus complex isolates (48 Aspergillus flavus, 33 Aspergillus fumigatus, 13 Aspergillus terreus and 9 Aspergillus niger) recovered from haematological patients with invasive infection were compared. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the broth microdilution (BMD) method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), whilst AmB susceptibility was also determined by Etest. Using a susceptible/resistant MIC cut-off of 1mg/L, all A. fumigatus and A. niger complexes isolates were susceptible to both AmB and AmBisome. In contrast, 38.5% and 30.8% of the A. terreus complex isolates were resistant to AmB and AmBisome, respectively, with good agreement between BMD and Etest methods. With respect to A. flavus complex isolates, 43.7% and 16.7% were resistant by the BMD method to AmBisome and AmB, respectively. For isolates with discrepant results, AmB MICs obtained by Etest were higher than those obtained for AmB by the BMD method and they were closer to those obtained for AmBisome by BMD. Aspergillus flavus AmB MICs ranged from 0.5 mg/L to 2 mg/L by the BMD method and from 1 mg/L to >16 mg/L by the Etest method, and AmBisome MICs ranged from 0.06 mg/L to >16 mg/L by the BMD method. Etest appears to be superior to the CLSI BMD method using AmB in detecting AmB resistance of Aspergillus spp., although the CLSI BMD method might be a suitable procedure if AmBisome is used as the test drug.