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左乙拉西坦的药理和临床评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
左乙拉西坦为一抗癫痫新药,其生物利用度较高,药动学呈线性,蛋白结合率低,且代谢不依赖于肝细胞色素P450等,使其成为较安全的药物。现对其药理作用、药动学、临床评价及不良反应等做一综述。 相似文献
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子宫内膜异位症是一种妇科常见但至今未能克服的疾病。其发病机制不清,该病是属于良性却具有类似肿瘤侵袭,种植的特点。近年发病率明显上升,使其引起广泛注意。为揭开子宫内膜异位症的病因,本文将其近年研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
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盐酸曲马多是一种新型非吗啡类镇痛药,其依赖性明显低于吗啡。将其制成缓释片,能延长作用时间,降低副作用。方法:用分光光度法控制盐酸曲马多缓释片的释放度,高效液相色谱法测定其含量。结果:本品制备工艺简便,释放稳定。含量测定方法准确可行。结论:本品是一种较为理想的镇痛药。 相似文献
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在医学领域里有一种学科,是卫生经济学的分支之一。它诞生于八十年代,是新生发展的一门边缘学科。1989年第一本专科性英文版学术杂志《药物经济学》,其概念引入中国也就是十年左右,这两三年内有学者将其开展相关研究。我们学习、了解其概念性研究方法对其临床用药的指导作用来阐述药物经济学。 相似文献
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高血压合并症的用药选择 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
高血压是一种常见的心血管疾病,是许多疾病的发病因素和致死因素。其合并症的危害较之其本身更大,我国约有1亿名高血压患者,其合并症患者亦不在少数,因此,对其合并症的治疗可以明显改善患者的预后。 相似文献
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VC-磷酸酯镁是性质比较稳定的一种VC衍生物,通过其对眼部疾病疗效的考查,说明其是一种可开发的滴眼剂。 相似文献
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孙广辉 《国外医学(药学分册)》1990,17(6):336-339
硝苯啶是一种慢钙通道阻滞剂,可选择性地阻滞细胞膜的慢钙通道而抑制钙离子内流,从而使肌肉兴奋一收缩脱耦联,故其对许多器官的肌肉运动均有影响,目前除用于心脑血管疾病外,亦可用于消化和呼吸等系统疾病,是一种胜任较广的药物,本文对硝苯啶的临床应用及其不良反应作一简要综述。 相似文献
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癫痫是一种严重影响人类健康的疾病,其可导致患者记忆力、学习力迅速下降,给社会和家庭造成极大的负担,而癫痫治疗中石菖蒲是一种常见药物,本文通过总结石菖蒲治疗癫痫的相关文献,将其作用机制作如下综述。 相似文献
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葛根素药理作用机制探讨及临床应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
葛根素是葛根的重要有效活性成分。其药理作用复杂,药效活性强。葛根素已经开发为葛根素注射剂,应用于心脑血管疾病如心律失常、心肌缺血、高血压等的治疗。本文对葛根素的药理作用机制及临床应用研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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葛根素的药理作用及临床应用进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
葛根素为葛根中提取的一种异黄酮类化合物,适用于冠心病、心绞痛、心肌梗死、视网膜动静脉阻塞、突发性耳聋等疾病。其药理作用主要为:对脏器组织的保护、抗缺血再灌注损伤、改善血液流变学指标、抑制钙超载、保护神经细胞作用、改善胰岛素抵抗作用等。葛根素资源丰富,具有多种药理作用,药理活性强,药效明确,临床应用广泛、毒性低、安全范围广。 相似文献
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黄芪甲苷是黄芪的主要有效成分,随着对黄芪甲苷药理作用的深入研究发现,其具有调节免疫、缺血保护、心脏保护、抗炎、抗病毒和抗肿瘤等作用,综述黄芪甲苷药理作用的研究进展,并对其作用机制进行探讨,为进一步研究开发黄芪甲苷提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Repeated administration of an initially subconvulsive electrical stimulation results in a progressive intensification of the seizure activity, which is known as a kindling phenomenon. The stability of the kindling model of seizures is particularly useful for evaluation of the action of anticonvulsant drugs. In the present study the action of different substances on kindled seizures is reviewed. In general, there are two groups of substances; 1--classical antiepileptic drugs, which are widely used in treatment of human epilepsy and 2--a group of different kinds of biochemical and pharmacological agents, which have been shown to have an anticonvulsant action. In relation to the first group we present here only a brief review. As to the other group, physiological and pharmacological data are reported in order to explain the mechanisms of the anticonvulsant action. 相似文献
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Kimura I 《Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan》2006,126(3):133-143
The multiple pharmacological actions of a unique compound are a prerequisite for classifying drugs as highly efficacious, because the multiple pharmacological actions offer the possibility of treating various symptoms of chronic diseases as described below. 1) Sustained hyperglycemia induces macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Antihyperglycemic medication and the control of postprandial hyperglycemia are essentially important for normalizing plasma glucose level. Gymnemic acid IV isolated from Gymnema sylvestre (Asclepiadaceae) leaves has antisweet, antihyperglycemic, glucose uptake inhibitory, and gut glycosidase inhibitory effects. Most of these pharmacological effects may synergistically contribute to alleviating type 2 diabetes-related symptoms. 2) Diabetic skeletal and vascular smooth muscles are hypersensitive to chemical transmitters, cytokines and autacoids. The sensitivity of neuromuscular synapses is enhanced in diabetes, which seems to be closely associated with neuropathy as one of the diabetic complications. beta-Eudesmol found in Atractylodes lancea rhizome has a desensitizing channel blocking action to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, anti-angiogenic action in vascular endothelium, and neuronal differentiation actions. These multiple pharmacological actions are favorable for treating angiogenic diseases possibly including the complications of diabetes, namely, retinopathy and nephropathy, and cancer. 3) Nipradilol is clinically utilized as a topical antiglaucoma drug. The ocular hypotensive effects of this compound are brought about by its alpha1 and beta-adrenergic receptor blocking actions, and nitric oxide (NO) releasing action. NO directly activates cyclooxygenases. All these pharmacologic effects are beneficial for treating glaucoma. The selectivity and specificity of drug action are required for treating acute diseases, infections or for acting as useful reagents. The pleiotropic actions of natural compounds and their derivatives serve as important clues for developing new drugs for various chronic diseases. 相似文献