RP-HPLC测定脑络通胶囊中甲基橙皮苷的含量

目的 建立用RP-HPLC测定脑络通胶囊中甲基橙皮苷含量.方法 采用ODS-C18(200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱;甲醇-醋酸-水(35:4:61)为流动相;检测波长为284 nm.结果 甲基橙皮苷在4.92～246.0 μg/ml的浓度范围内线性良好,r=0.9999,平均回收率为99.78%,RSD为0.3%(n=6).结论 该方法简便,结果准确、重复性好,可用于脑络通胶囊的质量控制和评价.     

HPLC法测定肾乐胶囊中橙皮苷的含量

目的:建立HPLC测定肾乐胶囊中橙皮苷含量的方法。方法:采用HPLC法对肾乐胶囊中橙皮苷进行含量测定。测定条件:采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(40∶60),检测波长:283 nm,流速:1.0mL.min-1,柱温:35℃。结果:在本法条件下,橙皮苷与其他杂质峰分离良好,进样量在8.544～85.44 mg.mL-1与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为101.6%,RSD为0.54%(n=6)。三个批次的肾乐胶囊中橙皮苷的平均含量为2.75 mg.g-1。结论:采用该方法测定肾乐胶囊中的橙皮苷,简便易行,结果准确,可作为肾乐胶囊的质量控制方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定止咳宁嗽胶囊中橙皮苷的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法测定止咳宁嗽胶囊中橙皮苷的含量.方法采用 Agilent C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.15%的醋酸溶液(1783)为流动相,流速为0.9 mL·min-1,检测波长为283 nm,柱温为35℃.结果橙皮苷的进样量在0.016～0.804μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 9(n=7).橙皮苷的平均回收率为99.92%,RSD为0.55%(n=6).结论该方法简单、准确且重复性好.     

高效液相色谱法测定肝复乐胶囊中橙皮苷的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定肝复乐胶囊中橙皮苷的含量。方法色谱柱为Hypersil BDS C18柱(4.6×200mm,5μm),流动相为三乙胺磷酸溶液-乙腈(82:18),流速1.0ml·min-1,在284nm的波长处检测。结果橙皮苷线性范围在0.02～0.2μg,r=0.9999(n=5),回收率为97.0%,RSD=1.4%(n=6)。结论高效液相色谱法测定肝复乐胶囊中橙皮苷含量,方法简便快速、准确,适合肝复乐胶囊的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定小儿消食咀嚼片中橙皮苷的含量

目的 采用HPLC法测定小儿消食咀嚼片中橙皮苷的含量.方法 HPLC法,VP-ODS柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相:乙腈-0.4%磷酸溶液(22∶78),检测波长:283 nm,流速:1.0 ml·min-1.结果 橙皮苷含量测定线性范围1.31～13.11 μg,相关系数r=0.9999,平均回收率为100.26%,RSD=1.53%(n=5).结论 该方法分离度高,重现性好,简便,准确,可用于小儿消食咀嚼片的质量控制.     

RP-HPLC测定舒肝祛脂胶囊中橙皮苷含量

目的 建立测定舒肝祛脂胶囊中橙皮苷含量的高效液相色谱方法.方法 采用Waters公司的高效液相色谱仪,Hypersil ODS2色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm),流动相:乙腈-水(18∶82),流速:0.8 mL·min-1,检测波长:284 nm,柱温:30 ℃,进样量20 μL.结果 橙皮苷进样量在 0.5～10.0 μg·mL-1之间,与峰面积呈良好的直线关系(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为96.3～99.6%,RSD为0.68～1.96%.结论 本方法灵敏,简便,重现性好,适合于舒肝祛脂胶囊中橙皮苷含量的分析.     

高效液相色谱法测定麻仁滋脾丸中橙皮苷含量

目的 建立测定麻仁滋脾丸中橙皮苷含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法.方法 采用Agilent Extend C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(17∶83)为流动相.流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为283 nm,柱温为30℃.结果 橙皮苷进样量在0.1204～1.2040 μg内与峰面积具有良好线性关系,r=0.999 6(n=5),平均回收率为97.43%,RSD=0.76%(n=6).结论 该法结果简便、准确,可用于麻仁滋脾丸的质量控制.     

HPLC测定维尔康胶囊中甲基橙皮苷的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定维尔康胶囊中甲基橙皮苷的含量。方法采用C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm)柱,冰醋酸-甲醇-水(5∶25∶70)为流动相,流速为1.0mL·min-1,检测波长为283nm。结果甲基橙皮苷质量浓度在29.1~291mg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999);平均回收率为99.3%,RSD为1.8%(n=6)。结论该方法操作简便准确,重现性好,可用于维尔康胶囊中甲基橙皮苷的质量控制。     

HPLC法同时测定益脑复健胶囊中葛根素和芍药苷的含量

目的:建立测定益脑复健胶囊中葛根素和芍药苷含量的HPLC法.方法:色谱柱为HypersilBDS C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为水-甲醇-乙腈(81:9:10),流速为1.0 ml·min-1,检测波长为230 nm.结果:葛根素在0.121～0.727 μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 8,平均回收率为99.77%,RSD为0.8%(n=9);芍药苷在0.106～0.634 μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 5,平均加样回收率为99.38%,RSD为0.8%(n=9).结论:本方法操作简便、结果准确、重复性好,可用于益脑复健胶囊的质量控制研究.     

高效液相色谱法测定保和口服液中橙皮苷含量

目的:建立保和口服液中橙皮苷含量的测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,以YMC-Pack ODS-A为色谱柱,乙腈-2.2%冰醋酸溶液(18:82)为流动相,检测波长为284 nm.结果:橙皮苷线性范围为0.26～3.42 μg,r=0.999 9,平均回收率为97.70%,RSD为1.9%(n=6).结论:该法可用于测定保和口服液中橙皮苷的含量.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Nachweis einiger Heilmittel in der Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit

Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.