HPLC法同时测定酚氨咖敏颗粒中三组分的含量

目的:建立 HPLC 法同时测定酚氨咖敏颗粒中对乙酰氨基酚、咖啡因、氨基比林的含量。方法:采用日本岛津 VP-ODS色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(40:60)为流动相,流速:1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长273 nm,柱温:30℃,进样量:20 μL。结果:对乙酰氨基酚进样浓度在10～100μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率(n=3)为98.8%～99.4%;咖啡因进样浓度在2.4～24μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率(n=3)为98.2%～101.5%;氨基比林进样浓度在8～80μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9998),平均回收率(n=3)为98.3%～100.4%。结论:本方法灵敏度高,操作简便、可靠,适用于测定酚氨咖敏颗粒中对乙酰氨基酚、咖啡因、氨基比林的含量。     

HPLC法测定抗菌消炎胶囊中槲皮素和山柰素的含量

目的建立抗菌消炎胶囊中槲皮素和山柰素含量测定的高效液相色谱方法。方法色谱柱:Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-4mL·L~(-1)磷酸溶液(50∶50);柱温:30℃;流速:1.0mL·min~(-1);检测波长:360nm。结果槲皮素质量浓度在1.034~20.68μg·mL~(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 3),加样回收率为97.14%,RSD值为0.84%(n=6);山柰素质量浓度在2.061~41.22μg·mL~(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 1),加样回收率为98.05%,RSD值为0.59%(n=6)。结论该方法定量准确可靠,操作简便,灵敏度高,可用于抗菌消炎胶囊的质量控制。     

HPLC测定风湿安泰片中马钱子碱和士的宁的含量

目的:采用反相高效液相色谱法测定风湿安泰片中士的宁和马钱子碱的含量。方法:采用 Hypersil BDS C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),保护柱(4.6 mm×12 mm);乙腈-0.3%三乙胺溶液(磷酸调 pH=2.6)(10:90)为流动相,流速:1.0 mL·min~(-1),柱温:室温,检测波长:254 nm。结果:士的宁在4.6～46μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998),马钱子碱在2.65～26.5μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998)范围内呈良好的线性关系,士的宁的平均回收率(n=5)为101.1%,RSD 为2.8%;马钱子碱的平均回收率(n=5)为99.6%,RSD 为2.9%。结论:本方法准确、简便、快速,适用于风湿安泰片的质量控制。     

RP—HPLC同时测定菝葜药材中总槲皮素和山柰酚含量

目的:建立同时测定菝葜药材中槲皮素和山柰酚含量的反相高效液相色谱法。方法:色谱柱:Lichrospher C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相:甲醇-0.5%磷酸水溶液(55:45),流速:1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长:365 nm。结果:槲皮素在2.97～29.7μg·mL~(-1)浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),山柰酚在3.01—30.1μg·mL~(-1)浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),方法回收率分别为98.9%和99.7%。结论:本方法简便、准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,可为评价菝葜药材质量提供依据。     

HPLC法同时测定芩连片中黄芩苷和小檗碱的含量

目的:建立 HPLC 法同时测定芩连片中黄芩苷和小檗碱含量。方法:以芩连片为研究对象,采用 Kromasil ODS(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.05 mol·L~(-1)磷酸二氢钾溶液-三乙胺(26:74:0.2),流速1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长277 nm,柱温为室温。结果:黄芩苷、小檗碱分别在0.0101～0.1217 mg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9997,n=7),0.0114～0.1372 mg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998,n=7)范围内呈良好线性关系;平均回收率(n=9)分别为98.7%和97.7%。结论:本测定方法简便、快速、准确,为芩连片质量评价提供了依据。     

RP-HPLC法测定新疆哈萨克族常用药材包尔胡特果实中芦丁和槲皮素的含量

目的建立测定新疆包尔胡特(Rhamnus cathartica L.)果实中芦丁和槲皮素含量的方法。方法色谱柱:依利特Hypersil ODS2C18(260mm×4.6mm,5μm)配预柱;芦丁的流动相:甲醇-10mL·L~(-1)乙酸溶液(70∶30),槲皮素的流动相:甲醇-4mL·L~(-1)磷酸溶液(35∶65);流速均为1.0mL·min~(-1);柱温:30℃;芦丁检测波长:257nm,槲皮素检测波长:360nm;进样量均为10μL。结果芦丁质量浓度在43.411 0~165.600 0μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 7),平均加样回收率为99.84%,RSD值为1.45%;槲皮素质量浓度在5.454 0~87.264 0μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为99.83%,RSD值为1.49%。结论该方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于包尔胡特果实原料中芦丁和槲皮素的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定苦荞籽壳中芦丁和槲皮素的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定苦荞籽壳中芦丁和槲皮素的含量。方法:采用 Zorbax SB-C_(18)(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-0.4%磷酸(50:50);流速1.0 mL·min~(-1);检测波长254 nm。结果:芦丁进样量在0.024～0.963mg·mL~(-1)范围内(r=0.9996),槲皮素进样量在0.0132～0.528 mg·mL~(-1)范围内(r=0.9990)线性关系良好,平均回收率芦丁为100.1%(RSD=1.15%),槲皮素为99.9%(RSD=1.04%)。结论:该方法操作简便,分离度高,重复性好,可同时测定苦荞籽壳中芦丁和槲皮素的含量。     

高效液相色谱分离柱后化学发光法同时测定菟丝子中黄酮类成分

目的:建立高效液相色谱分离柱后化学发光法测定菟丝子中芦丁、山柰素、槲皮素和异鼠李素含量。方法:基于在氢氧化钠碱性介质中铁氰化钾可以直接氧化芦丁、山柰素、槲皮素和异鼠李素产生化学发光。色谱柱:Hypersil ODS(5μm,4.6 mm×150 mm),流动相:乙醇-乙腈-水-磷酸(21:22:55:2),流速:1mL·min~(-1),柱温:25℃。结果:芦丁、山柰素、槲皮素和异鼠李素浓度分别在0.2～5μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9990),0.1～15μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9991),0.1～100μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9994),0.3～200μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998)范围内,与峰面积有良好的线性关系;检测限(S/N=3)分别为0.02,0.08,0.08,0.03μg·mL~(-1)。结论:水法简便、快速、有效,灵敏度高,首次用于菟丝子中黄酮类成分的测定,取得了很好的结果。     

新复方大青叶片中4种西药成分的含量测定方法的研究

目的:建立新复方大青叶片中扑热息痛、咖啡因、异戊巴比妥和维生素 C 的含量测定方法。方法:采用 HPLC 法测定了扑热息痛、咖啡因、异戊巴比妥和维生素 C 的含量。结果:扑热息痛在199.5～1247μg·mL~(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9998),平均回收率为99.81%,RSD=0.99%(n=6);咖啡因在20.64～129μg·mL~(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为100.8%,RSD=1.43%(n=6);异戊巴比妥在8.42～210.5μg·mL~(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9998),平均回收率为100.4%,RSD=1.41%(n=6);维生素 C 在40.48～253.0μg·mL~(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.36%,RSD=1.42%(n=6)。结论:含量测定方法简便准确,重复性好,可用于控制新复方大青叶片的质量。     

HPLC测定岩黄连注射液中岩黄连碱的含量

目的:建立 HPLC 法岩黄连注射液中岩黄连碱的含量。方法:Luna C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(1:1,1000 mL 含磷酸二氢钾3.4 g,十二烷基硫酸钠1.7g),流速1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长347 nm,柱温为室温。结果:岩黄连碱在5.48～49.34μg·mL~(-1)浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=1.0000);方法平均加样回收率为99.96%,RSD=0.41%(n=6)。结论:本法可作为岩黄连注射液的质量控制方法。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.