Effects of Compound Salviae Miltiorrhizae Injection on Metabolism of Phosphoinosititides in Myocardial Ischemia

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｔＣｏｍｐｏｕｎｄＳａｌｖｉａｅＭｉｌｔｉｏｒｒｈｉｚａｅＩｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎｏｎＭｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍｏｆＰｈｏｓｐｈｏｉｎｏｓｉｔｉｔｉｄｅｓｉｎＭｙｏｃａｒｄｉａｌＩｓｃｈｅｍｉａＴａｏＹｕｅ－ｙｕ（陶月玉）；ＧｕｏＳｏｎｇ－ｄｕｏ...     

Effect of Emodin on ATP Metabolism of Reno-Cortical Mitochondria

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＥｍｏｄｉｎｏｎＡＴＰＭｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍｏｆＲｅｎｏ－ＣｏｒｔｉｃａｌＭｉｔｏｃｈｏｎｄｒｉａＺｈｅｎｇＦｅｎｇ（郑锋）；ＬｉＬｅｉ－ｓｈｉ（李磊石）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＮｅｐｈｒｏｌｏｇｙ．ＪｉｎｌｉｎｇＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ，Ｎ...     

Experimental Study on the Effects of Aprotinin on Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion

Aprotininhasbeenwidelyusedincardiopulmonarybypasspr0cedurebecauseofitsadvantagesofreducingbleedingandbloodtransfusionduringandafteropenheartsurgery[".However,despitethewideuseofaprotinin,theeffects0fthedrugonmyocardialperformanceofnormallyper-fusedheartsandischemicmyocardlumre-mainunkn0wn.Thepresentstudywasde-signedt0evaluatetheeffectsofaprotinin0nn0n-ischemicandlschemicmyocardlalmetab0lism,cardiacfunctionandstructureintheisolatedperfusedw0rkingratheartpreparation.1MATERIALSANDMETH0DS1.…     

Effects of Tetrandrine on Rabbit Platelet Morphology and Aggregation in vitro

Using turbidimetry and electronmicroscopy,we examined the effects oftetrandrine (Tet) on the aggregation and morphological changes of rabbit platelets.It wasfound that Tet could markedly inhibit the platelet aggregation induced by ADP,collagenand arachidonic acid (AA) in a dose-dependent manner.The IC_(50) (50% inhibitoryconcentration) was 38.9,30.3 and 44.3μg/ml respectively.The platelets pretreated with Tetcould not be activated by collagen,their morphological changes and granule release didn'toccur and their normal structure was well preserved.In addition,dipyridamole couldenhance the inhibition of Tet on platelet aggregation,while increased extracellular calciumcould weaken this inhibition.     

Effect of Amino Acid Cardioplegia on Myocardial Metabolism and Function of Ischemic Canine Heart

Theconceptthataminoacidcanbeusedasenergysupplementduringmyocardialischemiachangedduringthelastdecade.Muchmoreconcernswerearousedwhenpeoplenotedthatthedepletionofaminoacidmightaffectoxygenmetabolismduringischemia--re--perfusion.Forthepurposeofscrutinizingtheeffectofaminoacidcardioplegiaonmyocardialmetabolismandfunctionduringtheperiodofischemia-reperfusion,thecaninecardio--pulmonarybypass(CPB)modelwasintroducedintotheexperiment.Asparteandglutamatewereaddedintothewarmbloodandcoldcrystalloidcardi…     

Effects of High-Carbohydrate Diet on Plasma Insulin and cAMP Metabolism in Rat

Wistar rats that had been kept on a normaldiet for 1 week were put on a high-carbohydrate(80% of total calories) diet composed of starch,mainly in wheat flour, for 3 days. The fastingplasma insulin and triglyceride (TG) contents ofthese rats were higher than those of the normaldietary rats (P<0.01;P<0.01). After feeding thehigh-carbohydrate (CHO) diet for 6 days, the     

Effects of Warm Blood Cardioplegic Solution on Myocardial Protection

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＷａｒｍＢｌｏｏｄＣａｒｄｉｏｐｌｅｇｉｃＳｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｎ　ＭｙｏｃａｒｄｉａｌＰｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎＤＵＸｉｎ－ｌｉｎｇ（杜心灵）；ＬＡＮＨｏｎｇ－ｊｕｎ（蓝鸿钧）；ＳＵＮＺｈｏｎｇ－ｑｕａｎ（孙宗全）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＣ...     

Effects of Potassium Aspartate and Magnesium on Ventricular Arrhythmia in Ischemia-reperfusion Rabbit Heart

The aim of this study was to determine if the potassium aspartate and magnesium (PAM) prevent reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias (RIVA) in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) rabbit heart. Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into control, ischemia and PAM groups. Arterially-perfused rabbit left ventricular preparations were made, and transmural ECG as well as action potentials from both endocardium and epicardium were simultaneously recorded in the whole process of all experiments. In control group rabbit ventricular wedge preparations were continuously perfused with Tyrode's solution, and in ischemia group and PAM groups the perfusion of Tyrode's solution was stopped for 30 min. Then the ischemia group was reperfused with Tyrode's solution and the PAM group with Tyrode's solution containing 2.42 mg/L PAM, respectively. ECG, QT interval, transmural repolarization dispersion (TDR) and action potentials from epicardium and endocardium were simultaneously recorded, and the RIVA of the wedge preparation was observed. Compared with control group, TDR and incidence of RIVA were significantly increased in ischemia group (P<0.05). The incidence of RIVA in control, ischemia and PAM group was 0/10, 9/10 and 1/10, respectively. Compared with ischemia group, TDR and incidence of RIVA were significantly reduced in PAM group (P<0.05). Potassium aspartate and magnesium significantly reduce TDR and prevent ventricular arrhythmia in ischemic rabbit heart.     

Protective Effects of API_（0134） on Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury

ＰｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｖｅＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＡＰＩ_（０１３４）ｏｎＭｙｏｃａｒｄｉａｌＩｓｃｈｅｍｉａａｎｄＲｅｐｅｒｆｕｓｉｏｎＩｎｊｕｒｙＧＵＯＺｈｉｌｉｎｇ（郭志凌）；ＺＨＡＯＨｕａｙｕｅ（赵华月）；ＦＵＬｉａｎｇｗｕ（傅良武）（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎ?..     

Effects of Ligustrazine on the Contraction of Isolated Rabbit Corpus Cavernosum Strips

Ligustrazine(tetramethylpyrazine,TMP)is avasoactiveingredient that has beenisolated and pu-rified fromLigusticum Chuanxiong Hort.(Um-belliferae)behind an ancient Chinese herbal reme-dy.It has been widely used for the treat ment of avariety of vascular diseases such as occlusive cere-bral arteriolar diseases,notable ischemic strokeand pul monary hypertension secondary to chronicobstructive pul monary disease(COPD)due to itsvasodilatory actions.Ligustrazine has previouslybeen shown to be eff…     

罗哌卡因与布比卡因复合芬太尼用于硬膜外阻滞分娩镇痛的比较

目的　评价比较罗哌卡因与布卡因复合芬太尼硬膜外阻滞用于分娩镇痛的效果。方法　随机选择 10 0例足月单胎头位初产妇分别予罗哌卡因加芬太尼 (A组 ,n =5 0 )和布比卡因加芬太尼 (B组 ,n =5 0 )用于硬膜外阻滞镇痛分娩 ,并与自然分娩未镇痛 (C组 )相比较 ,观察各组产妇生命体征、视觉模拟评分 (VAS)感觉平面、运动阻滞程度分级、剖宫产率、新生儿Apgar评分情况。 结果　A、B两组镇痛效果良好 ,起效时间、VAS评分、产程和剖宫产率差异均无显著性 ,但B组有 3 2 %的产妇有明显的运动阻滞 ,而A组仅为 8% (P <0 .0 1)。A、B两组与C组比较 ,第一产程均明显缩短(P <0 .0 5 ) ,剖宫产率、新生儿Apgar评分差异均无显著性。 结论　低浓度的罗哌卡因和布比卡因复合芬太尼行硬膜外分娩镇痛效果满意 ,对产妇及婴儿安全。相比而言 ,罗哌卡因较布比卡因对产妇的运动阻滞明显轻微 ,更适合用于分娩镇痛。     

Comparison of bupivacaine, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine with sufentanil for patient-controlled epidural analgesia

Ropivacaine and levobupivacaine have been introduced into obstetric analgesic practice with the proposed advantages of causing less motor block and toxicity compared with bupivacaine. However, it is still controversial whether both anesthetics are associated with any clinical benefit relative to bupivacaine for labor analgesia. This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy, motor block and side effects of bupivacaine, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine at lower concentrations for patient-controlled epidural labor analgesia. Methods Four hundred and fifty nulliparous parturients were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial. A concentration of 0.05%, 0.075%, 0.1%, 0.125% or 0.15% of either bupivacaine （Group B）, ropivacaine （Group R） or levobupivacaine （Group L） with sufentanil 0.5 ug/ml was epidurally administered by patient-controlled analgesia mode. Effective analgesia was defined as a visual analogue scale score was 〈30 mm. The relative median potency for each local anesthetic was calculated using a probit regression model. Parturients demographics, sensory and motor blockade, obstetric data, maternal side effects, hourly volumes of local anesthetic used, and others were also noted. Results There were no significant differences among groups in the numbers of effective analgesia, pain scores, hourly local anesthetic amount used, sensory and motor blockade, labor duration and mode of delivery, side effects and maternal satisfaction （P 〉0.05）. The relative median potency was bupivacaine/ropivacaine： 0.828 （0.602-1.091）, bupivacaine/levobupivacaine： 0.845 （0.617-1.12）, ropivacaine/levobupivacaine： 1.021 （0.774-1.354）, respectively. However, a significantly less number of effective analgesia and higher hourly local anesthetic use were observed in the concentration of 0.05% than those of 〉0.1% within each group （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Using patient-controlled epidural analgesia, lower concentrations of bupivacaine, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine with s＇ufentanil produce similar analgesia and motor block and safety for labor analgesia. The analgesic efficacy mainly depends on the concentration rather than the type of anesthetics.     

0.5%罗哌卡因与0.5%布比卡因在小儿脊麻中的应用

目的观察0．5％罗哌卡因应用于小儿脊麻中的安全性和有效性。方法随机选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级患者48例，分为R组(0．5％罗哌卡因)和B组(0．5％布比卡因)，每组24例，用药后分别记录痛觉、温觉、运动神经阻滞的起效时间，痛觉阻滞平面，运动阻滞时间和程度以及术后首次排尿时间，术中测定BP、SpO2、EKG、HR及CSF的pH值，术后定时随访。结果选用罗哌卡因后各病例均能迅速恢复运动，术始运动神经阻滞未大于Bromage Ⅰ，但R组却有5例因痛觉阻滞不佳而改用其他麻醉。结论相同剂量的0．5％罗哌卡因用于小儿脊麻中镇痛和感觉阻滞时间并不明显优与布比卡因，麻醉期问和术后的不良反应小于布比卡因，对于短小手术来说是一个安全有效的局麻药，但用在小儿脊麻中的剂量或浓度还需探讨。     

罗哌卡因与布比卡因用于小儿硬膜外麻醉的临床研究

目的：分析比较罗哌卡因(新型酰胺类局部麻醉药)与布比卡因在小儿临床手术中产生的麻醉效能。方法：选择择期行下腹部、下肢、肛门手术的小儿50例，随机分成两组，每组各25例。对50例小儿均行硬膜外穿刺，在硬膜外分别注入0．5％罗哌卡因或0．35％的布比卡因。分别在第一时间、第二时间、第三时间、第四时间监察麻醉平面和肌松程度及术中镇痛效果，同时监测并记录小儿的血压、心律、血氧饱和度及不良反应，并检测T3、T4和皮质醇的变化。结果：罗哌卡因产生的麻醉平面较广，镇痛和肌松效果好，运动阻滞效果好，能显著降低收缩压和舒张压，但作用消失快，而布比卡因仅能降低舒张压。罗哌卡因和布比卡因组T3、T4及皮质醇的变化无统计学意义。结论：0．5％罗哌卡因可较安全地应用于小儿低位硬膜外麻醉，能取得良好的镇痛和肌松效果，具有较好的临床应用前景。     

等效剂量罗哌卡因和布比卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉用于剖宫产术的临床研究

目的探讨等效剂量罗哌卡因、布比卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉用于剖宫产术的临床效能及安全性。方法选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级足月妊娠初产妇80例,随机双盲法分为两组,每组各40例。罗哌卡因组（R组）：0.75%罗哌卡因2m1＋10%葡萄糖液0.5m1;布比卡因组（B组）：0.75%布比卡因1.25m1＋10%葡萄糖液1.25m1。术中麻醉效应不足时经硬膜外导管补充2%利多卡因。术中连续监测呼吸和循环状况,评估麻醉效能,观察围手术期不良反应的发生和新生儿情况。结果两组麻醉效能、最高阻滞平面、新生儿Apgar评分及不良反应相似（P〉0.05）,但R组起效慢,维持时间短（P〈0.05）;下肢运动阻滞程度R组显著低于B组（P〈0.05）。结论等效剂量的罗哌卡因和布比卡因腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉用于剖宫产术安全有效,与布比广因相比,罗哌卡因对下肢运动阻滞弱且恢复迅速。     

盐酸罗哌卡因与盐酸布比卡因低位硬膜外阻滞的效应比较

目的 比较盐酸罗哌卡因和盐酸布比卡因低位硬膜外阻滞用于子宫下段剖宫产手术的效应,为临床麻醉提供客观依据.方法 60例ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级择期子宫下段剖宫产患者,随机接受0.75%盐酸罗哌卡因(观察组)或0.75%盐酸布比卡因(对照组)硬膜外阻滞.观察两组在感觉阻滞、运动阻滞、镇痛和肌肉松弛方面的效果,同时观察手术期间心电图...     

左旋布比卡因、罗哌卡因及布比卡因硬膜外镇痛效果比较

目的 比较左旋布比卡因与罗哌卡因、布比卡因复合吗啡用于剖宫产术后硬膜外镇痛的效果和副作用。方法 采用随机双盲法,将90例择期行剖宫产术的足月、单胎、年龄25～38岁、体质量59～87kg孕妇均分为3组：左旋布比卡因组（L组）、罗哌卡因组（R组）和布比卡因组（B组）。术后分别采用0．125％左旋布比卡因、0．125％罗哌卡因或0．125％布比卡因复合小剂量吗啡（20μg／ml）行病人自控硬膜外镇痛。观察各组术后48h内镇痛效果、运动阻滞程度以及恶心呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等副作用的发生率。结果 3组产妇术后视觉模拟评分、镇痛治疗总体印象评分、改良Bromage评分比较差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。3组产妇对病人自控硬膜外镇痛的满意率有显著性差异（L组93．3％,R组70％,B组96．6％,P〈0．05）。3组不良反应发生率及排气时间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论 0．125％左旋布比卡因混合吗啡用于产科术后硬膜外镇痛可获得满意的镇痛效果,且无明显毒剐作用。     

罗哌卡因腰麻—硬膜外联合阻滞在分娩镇痛中的应用

目的　通过比较布比卡因和罗哌卡因在腰麻—硬膜外联合阻滞 (CSEA)分娩镇痛中的镇痛效果、时效及对产程的影响 ,来探讨罗哌卡因用于CSEA分娩镇痛的可行性。方法　随机选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级拟行自然分娩的单胎足月初产妇 10 0例 ,用抽签法分为 2组 ,罗派卡因 (R组 )和布比卡因组 (B组 ) ,均在宫口 (3～ 4 )cm时行CSEA分娩镇痛。腰麻用药R组为 3.75mg罗哌卡因 +2 5 μg芬太尼 ,B组为布比卡因 2 .5mg +2 5 μg芬太尼 ;硬膜外用药R组为 0 .1%罗哌卡因内含 1μg/ml芬太尼 ,B组为 0 .0 6 2 5 %布比卡因内含 1μg/ml芬太尼。观察指标为 :镇痛起效、完善、维持时间 ;运动阻滞程度 ;镇痛强度 ;产妇舒适度 ;产程及分娩方式等。结果　R组镇痛维持时间长于B组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,镇痛完善时间迟于B组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,产妇舒适度明显优于B组 (P <0 .0 1)。其余观察指标两组无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　罗哌卡因可以用腰麻—硬膜外联合阻滞分娩镇痛 ,并且较布比卡因更具有优越性     

序贯试验法测定罗哌卡因和布比卡因术后硬膜外镇痛的EC50

目的通过序贯试验法测定罗哌卡因和布比卡因术后硬膜外镇痛的半数有效浓度(EC50),比较两者用于术后硬膜外镇痛的相对效能。方法选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级择期妇科手术病人65例,随机分为罗哌卡因和布比卡因两组,分别用罗哌卡因和布比卡因20 ml术后硬膜外镇痛。硬膜外给药浓度按序贯增减法进行调整,镇痛效果以100 mm视觉模拟评分法(VAS)进行评估,VAS≤10 mm为镇痛有效,VAS>10 mm为镇痛无效。按Dixon方法计算罗哌卡因和布比卡因的EC50。结果罗哌卡因组EC50为0.098%,布比卡因组EC50为0.052%。结论序贯增减法简便、高效、结果可信,适用于罗哌卡因和布比卡因术后硬膜外镇痛EC50的测定;罗哌卡因用于妇科术后硬膜外镇痛的效能低于布比卡因。     

罗哌卡因与布比卡因在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉中的比较

耳的0.5%、0.75%罗哌卡因与0.3%布比卡因对腋窝入路臂丛神经阻滞的麻醉效果比较.方法 按美国麻醉医师协会分级标准Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,将60例预施臂丛神经组滞麻醉的手术患者随机分成3组,每组20例,分别给予30 mL 0.5%、0.75%罗哌卡因和0.3%布比卡因实施腋窝入路臂丛神经阻滞麻醉,观察麻醉起效时间、维持时间及麻醉效果等.结果 麻醉药平均起效时间0.5%、0.75%罗哌卡因组小于0.3%布比卡因组(P<0.05);外科手术的等待时间0.5%、0.75%罗哌卡因组比0.3%布比卡因组显著缩短(P<0.05、P<0.01).结论 罗哌卡因用于臂丛神经阻滞麻醉比布比卡因起效迅速、镇痛持续时间长,麻醉效果满意.