轮叶党参乙醇提取液预防大鼠脂质代谢紊乱的机制

目的：探讨轮叶党参对大鼠脂质代谢紊乱的预防机制。 方法：用高脂饲料喂养大鼠的同时灌胃不同剂量的轮叶党参乙醇提取液（1.5、3.0和6.0 g·kg^-1）8周,测定血清甘油三酯（TG）和相关指标。 结果：①轮叶党参中、高剂量组TG和可诱导型一氧化氮合酶活性显著低于高脂对照组（P<0.05）,一氧化氮水平和内皮型一氧化氮合酶活性明显高于高脂对照组（P<0.05）。②3种不同剂量轮叶党参组的肝体比值逐渐减小,呈现剂量-效应关系,高剂量组显著低于高脂对照组（P<0.05）。轮叶党参中、高剂量组肝总脂解酶活性、肝脂酶、脂蛋白脂酶均显著高于高脂对照组（P<0.05）,且呈剂量-效应关系。 结论：增强肝总脂酶的活性、加速脂肪分解和提高抗氧化能力抑制脂质过氧化物是轮叶党参调节血脂的主要机制之一。     

水飞蓟素对大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨水飞蓟素对大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用及其作用机制.方法 32只雄性SD大鼠被随机分为4组,以乙醇灌胃法建立大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤模型,检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和肝匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量,观察肝脏病理形态学改变,并测定肝组织中TNF-α和IL-1β表达.结果 与模型对照组比较,水飞蓟素各剂量组肝脏脂肪变性明显减轻,血清ALT活性、肝匀浆MDA水平明显降低(P＜0.01和P＜0.05),SOD活性升高(P＜0.05),肝组织中TNF-α和IL-1β表达明显减少(P＜0.01),水飞蓟素高剂量组血清AST活性也明显降低(P＜0.05).结论 水飞蓟素对大鼠急性乙醇所致肝损伤具有保护作用.     

慈菇对异烟肼和利福平致大鼠肝损伤中细胞色素P450的影响

目的探讨慈菇对异烟肼(INH)和利福平(RFP)合用致大鼠肝损伤过程中细胞色素P450(CYP450)的影响。方法选取雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分成5组:正常对照组,模型组,慈菇低、中、高剂量组,每组8只。除正常对照组外其余4组每天同时灌胃INH(50 mg/kg)和RFP(50 mg/kg),2h后5组大鼠分别灌胃蒸馏水,低剂量(5 g/kg)、中剂量(10 g/kg)和高剂量(15 g/kg)慈菇,每次灌胃20 mL/kg,每天1次,连续灌胃28 d,计算体重增加率,末次灌胃16 h后,取大鼠血和肝组织,测定血清中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)含量、肝匀浆中一氧化氮(NO)的含量,肝微粒中CYP450及其亚型2E1(CYP2E1)的活性。结果与模型组比较,高剂量慈菇组大鼠的体重明显增加,血清ALT和AST的活性明显降低,肝匀浆中的NO含量明显降低,CYP450和CYP2E1活性明显降低,并均有统计学差异。结论慈菇对INH和RFP合用致大鼠肝损伤的保护作用可能与抑制CYP450和CYP2E1活性及调节NO水平有关。     

复方榛花肝宁胶囊的药效学研究

目的 研究复方榛花肝宁胶囊对四氯化碳(CCl4)引起的肝损伤的保护作用.方法 将实验小鼠和大鼠分为正常对照组、CCl4肝损伤对照组、树舌组(按2 g/kg体质量树舌灌胃)、复方榛花肝宁胶囊低剂量组(按1 g/kg体质量灌胃)、复方榛花肝宁胶囊高剂量组(按2 g/kg体质量灌胃),共5组,分别观察复方榛花肝宁胶囊对急性肝损伤小鼠的血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、肝糖原含量、三酰甘油含量的影响.结果 复方榛花肝宁胶囊对肝损伤鼠体内ALT和三酰甘油升高有治疗作用,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对小鼠肝损伤后肝糖原与胆汁减少有治疗作用,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 复方榛花肝宁胶囊对CCl4造成的急性肝损伤和慢性肝损伤均有显著的保肝作用.     

HG颗粒对免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的影响

目的:研究HG颗粒对免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的影响.方法:50只小鼠用卡介苗联合脂多糖腹腔注射,建立小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型,其中4组分别给予HG颗粒高(9 g/kg)、中(4.5 g/kg)、低(2.25 g/kg)剂量及复方鳖甲软肝片(1.5 g/kg)灌胃治疗,余10只模型小鼠(模型对照组)和10只未造模小鼠(正常对照组)给予蒸馏水灌胃,1次/d,10 d后,检测各组小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性.结果:模型对照组小鼠血清ALT、AST活性较正常对照组增高.HG颗粒组血清ALT、AST活性均较模型对照组下降(P＜0.05).结论:HG颗粒具有保护卡介苗联合脂多糖致免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的作用.     

赤芍总苷对自发性高血压大鼠血小板sCD4OL和炎症因子的干预作用

目的 探讨赤芍总苷(TPG)对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血小板功能及血清sCD4OL水平和炎症因子的干预作用.方法 8周龄雄性SHR40只随机分为赤芍高、低剂量组、阿司匹林组、生理盐水对照组,另设Wistar大鼠作为正常对照组,连续灌胃给药8周.实验结束后,取全血检测白细胞计数、血小板计数、平均血小板容积(MPV)、血浆凝血酶原时间、血脂水平;取血清,散射比浊法检测hs-CRP,ELISA法测定可溶性CD40L(sCD40L)和一氧化氮(NO)水平.结果 血清胆固醇及三酰甘油水平、白细胞总数、血浆凝血酶原时间、血小板计数在5组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);SHR大鼠MPV、sCD40L及hs-CRP水平升高,血清NO水平明显下降,与正常对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);TPG高剂量组MPV、sCD40L、hs-CRP水平降低,NO水平升高,与生理盐水对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).相关性分析显示,SHR组MPV与血清hs-CRP、sCD40L水平呈正相关(r=0.36,P＜0.05;r=0.48,P＜0.01);hs-CRP与sCD40L水平呈正相关(r=0.31,P＜0.05).结论 赤芍总苷能降低SHR大鼠sCD40L、hs-CRP水平,提高NO水平,可作为高血压治疗的辅助方法.     

复方灵芝制剂防治化学性肝损伤实验研究

目的 通过实验操作探讨复方灵芝制剂防治化学性肝损伤的作用.方法 分0.33、0.67、2.00 g/kg 3个剂量组对小鼠每日经口进行灌胃,受试样品为复方灵芝制剂,空白对照组和模型对照组给予蒸馏水.30 d后将各组动物禁食16 h,模型对照组及各剂量组动物按0.01 mL/g一次灌胃给予四氯化碳(CCl4)染毒,各受试组染毒4 h后继续给予受试样品.染毒24 h后摘取眼球取血,分离血清,测定ALT、AST,同时处死动物,取肝脏进行组织病理学检查.结果 模型对照组小鼠的ALT、AST含量比空白对照组高(P＜0.05),低、中剂量组的ALT、AST值与模型对照组比较,有下降,差异呈显著性(P＜0.05).结论 复方灵芝制剂具有防治CCl4化学性肝损伤的作用.     

金槐精制粉对高脂血症大鼠血管内皮标志物及调节因子的影响

目的 观察金槐精制粉对高脂血症(hyperlipidemia,HLP)大鼠血管内皮标志物及血管调节因子的影响,探究金槐精制粉对血管内皮的保护效果.方法 实验大鼠按照体质量均分为正常组,模型组,金槐高、中、低剂量组和曲克芦丁组,每组10只.正常组以普通清洁级饲料喂养,其余各组均用高脂饲料喂养,30d.成模后,正常组和模型组按照0.9％生理盐水10 ml/(kg·d)灌胃,金槐高、中、低剂量组分别按照102.45 mg/(kg·d)、83.65 mg/(kg·d)、68.30 mg/(kg·d)灌胃给药,曲克芦丁组按照39.70 mg/(kg·d)灌胃给药,14d.腹主动脉取血,用酶联免疫吸附法(en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测大鼠血清中血管紧张素-Ⅱ(angiotensinⅡ,Ang-Ⅱ)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、内皮素1(endothelin 1,ET-1)、前列环素2(prostacyclin,PGI2)和血栓收缩素2(thromboxane A2,TXA2)的含量.结果 与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清中AngⅡ、VEGF水平明显升高(P＜0.05),与模型组相比,金槐高、中、低剂量组和曲克芦丁组Ang-Ⅱ水平均有下降(P＜0.05),金槐高剂量组VEGF下降(P＜0.05).与正常组相比,模型组大鼠血清中NO、ET 1、TXA2明显升高(P＜0.05);与模型组相比,金槐高、中、低剂量组NO均有下降(P＜0.05),金槐高剂量组和曲克芦丁组ET-1有所下降(P＜0.05),金槐高、中剂量组和曲克芦丁组TXA2有下降(P＜0.05).结论 金槐精制粉可以通过改善HLP大鼠血管内皮标志物及血管调节因子的表达,对血管内皮具有一定的保护作用.     

姜黄素通过氧化应激对亚慢性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 观察姜黄素(Curcumin)对亚慢性酒精性肝损伤大鼠的保护作用。方法 将48只SD雄性大鼠按体重分为空白组、乙醇组、姜黄素高、中、低3个剂量组,熊去氧胆酸组。各组大鼠预防性给药3 d,第4 d上午采用白酒(红星二锅头,52%)连续灌胃5 d诱发亚慢性酒精性肝损伤大鼠模型,下午各组大鼠继续给药5天,每天正常饮食饮水称重,于末次给药30 min后,检测经口给予姜黄素及熊去氧胆酸后对大鼠各项全血生化指标、肝组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量以及肝组织病理形态学的影响。结果 与空白组比较,乙醇组大鼠血清ALT、AST、淀粉酶、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、无机磷、肝组织MDA均显著升高,SOD酶活性显著降低,肝细胞出现大量脂肪空泡、胞浆疏松化;与乙醇组相比,姜黄素各给药组能显著降低亚慢性酒精性肝损伤大鼠血清中ALT、AST、淀粉酶、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、无机磷及肝组织MDA的含量,显著升高SOD酶活性;与阳性药对比,姜黄素高、中剂量组血清ALT、AST显著降低,SOD酶活性显著增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 结果表明姜黄素可减轻乙醇诱导的大鼠亚慢性酒精性肝损伤,...     

复方芪麻胶囊对高血压大鼠血压及动脉顺应性的影响

目的 评价复方芪麻胶囊对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压、主动脉顺应性及血管活性物质的影响.方法 将大鼠按初始血压随机分为正常组、模型组、卡托普利组、牛黄降压胶囊组、复方芪麻胶囊高、中、低剂量组,每组10只,灌胃给药4周后测定各组大鼠血压,并取主动脉,测量主动脉顺应性;将老年大鼠按初始血压随机分为正常组、模型组、卡托普利组、牛黄降压胶囊组、复方芪麻胶囊高、中、低剂量组,每组10只,口服给药4周后测定各组大鼠血压,并取血清检测一氧化氮(N0)、内皮缩血管肽1(ET-1))、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)水平.结果 与模型组大鼠比较,复方芪麻胶囊高、中、低剂量组大鼠收缩压、舒张压均明显降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),主动脉内压上升斜率、曲线下面积均明显降低(P＜0.叭或P＜0.05);与老年SHR大鼠比较,复方芪麻胶囊高、中、低剂量组大鼠收缩压、舒张压均明显降低(P＜0.01),血清NO含量明显升高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),ET-1、AngⅡ含量显著下降(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论 复方芪麻胶囊具有明显降低血压、改善主动脉顺应性作用,其降压机制可能与降低ET-1、AngⅡ含量、升高NO含量有关.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…