低分子肝素预防髋膝关节手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成研究

目的：探讨低分子肝素在预防髋、膝关节手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床效果。方法：对照组60例患者术前不采用任何下肢深静脉血栓预防性治疗;研究组60例患者术前12h于腹部行皮下注射低分子肝素钙注射液。结果：研究组患者术后下肢深静脉血栓发生率明显高于对照组,数据经统计学比较具有显著差异（P〈0．05）。结论：利用低分子肝素预防髋、膝关节手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成具有良好的临床疗效和安全性,适合于,l当床推广应用。     

直肠癌术后血凝状态变化及预防

目的　对比研究直肠癌患者术后血液高凝状态的发生、发展及相应的临床检测和有效的临床干预。方法　直肠癌患者 60例 ,随机分为对照组和低分子肝素 (LMWH )组。LMWH组术后第 1天开始预防性应用LMWH 5 0 0 0u/d ,共 7d。各组均于术前、术后 2周测定血液流变学指标及观察血凝状态。结果　 60例直肠癌患者术前全血还原黏度 (BRV)低切、高切偏高 ,术后直肠癌对照组BRV低切 (2 0 5 1± 5 38)mPa·s ,高切 (5 70± 3 2 4)mPa·s ,5例出现静脉血栓 ,占 17% ,直肠癌LMWH组BRV低切 (13 30± 5 2 5 )mPa·s ,高切 (4 98± 3 43)mPa·s ,无一例出现血栓。两组间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。直肠癌LMWH组无一例有出血等副作用。结论　直肠癌患者术前、术后均呈现血液高凝状态 ,术后血液高凝状态更加明显 ,静脉血栓发病率较高 ,术后及时进行LMWH的干预 ,可缓和血液高凝状态 ,减少和避免静脉血栓的形成。     

老年全膝关节置换术72例低分子肝素配伍巴曲亭抗凝效果观察

目的:探讨老年重度膝关节骨性关节炎人工全膝关节置换术应用低分子肝素抗凝中加用巴曲亭的临床效果。方法:选择在我院进行人工全膝关节置换术治疗的137例重度膝关节骨性关节炎患者,随机分为治疗组(72例)和对照组(65例)。两组患者均在手术前预防性使用低分子肝素,治疗组在此基础上注射巴曲亭,对照组给予相同剂量的安慰剂。观察比较两组患者术中、术后引流量,凝血水平,下肢静脉血流情况。结果:治疗组患者术中、术后引流量平均为432.45±112.20ml,212.47±75.33ml,对照组患者术中、术后引流量平均为635.72±99.53ml,275.61±107.40ml,两组患者术中、术后引流量相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);术前、术毕及术后24h凝血水平:治疗组PT分别为11.14±0.75s,11.35±0.68s,11.27±0.82s;APTT分别为29.37±3.68s,30.57±4.42s,30.18±3.70s;Fbg分别为3.26±0.67g/L,3.29±0.74g/L,3.05±0.61g/L。对照组PT分别为11.14±0.75s,11.33±0.79s,11.54±0.72s;APTT分别为30.08±4.16s,30.47±4.55s,29.79±3.65s;Fbg分别为3.25±0.62g/L,3.14±0.73g/L,3.12±0.77g/L,两组患者术前、术毕及术后24h凝血水平相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);术后5d下肢深静脉彩色多普勒超声检查示:观察组有2例发生下肢深静脉血栓,对照组发生1例下肢深静脉血栓,其余患者的下肢深静脉回流速度和回流血量:治疗组术前、术后分别为6.38±2.19cm/s,3.77±2.12ml/s,6.09±1.87cm/s,3.56±1.58ml/s。对照组术前、术后分别为6.28±2.10cm/s,3.82±1.97ml/s,6.10±1.89cm/s,3.56±1.56ml/s。两组下肢深静脉回流速度和回流血量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:术前应用巴曲亭能够明显减少应用低分子肝素抗凝的全膝关节置换术患者的出血量,且不会增加下肢静脉血栓的发生率。     

经皮球囊二尖瓣扩张术后的远期疗效观察

通过对６９例经皮球囊二尖瓣扩张术（ＰＢＭＶ）后２８～７２个月,平均（４５．９１±１２．８６）月的患者进行门诊随访,以确定远期疗效及其影响因素。结果：６９例超声心动图的术前、术后３～７ｄ,随诊的二尖瓣面积（ＭＶＡ）、左房大小（ＬＡ）、二尖瓣跨瓣压力阶差（ＰＧ）分别为（１３０．１２±２０．２９）ｍｍ２、（４５．４８±６．２２）ｍｍ、（１２．１４±３．４９）ｍｍＨｇ;（２４６．８９±６０．８５）ｍｍ２、（４２．０４±６．７２）ｍｍ、（４．３９±２．００）ｍｍＨｇ;（１９２．１２±６１．２５）ｍｍ２、（４０．３０±５．６３）ｍｍ、（６．８８±４．０５）ｍｍＨｇ。术前与术后３～７ｄ相比Ｐ＜０．００１,术前与随访相比Ｐ＜０．００１,有２４例（３５％）发生再狭窄。检查结果说明：ＰＢＭＶ术后远期疗效良好。术前二尖瓣瓣膜及瓣下结构的病变程度、房颤、随访时间、风湿活动等因素对ＰＢＭＶ的远期疗效有一定的影响。     

小剂量生长抑素预防ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎的临床研究

目的：探讨生长抑素对内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ＥＲＣＰ）术后患者高淀粉酶血症及化学性胰腺炎的预防作用。方法：１２８例行ＥＲＣＰ患者随机分为两组：预防组６６例患者，分别于ＥＲＣＰ术前及术后各静滴生长抑素２５０μｇ；对照组６２例，仅静脉滴注５％葡萄糖溶液。两组患者分别检查术前及术后４和２４ｈ血淀粉酶水平及观察化学性胰腺炎发生情况。结果：预防组ＥＲ－ＣＰ术后４，２４ｈ血清淀粉酶分别为（２９８±３３）和（１４０±１５６）Ｕ／Ｌ，明显低于对照组的（３８０±３３）和（２４０±２１０）Ｕ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；预防组６６例中发生化学性胰腺炎１例（１．５％），对照组发生３例（４．８％），相差显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：生长抑素能有效地预防ＥＲＣＰ术后高淀粉酶血症及化学性胰腺炎。     

低分子量肝素治疗不稳定型心绞痛临床观察

目的：观察低分子量肝素治疗不稳定型心绞痛（ＵＡＰ）的临床疗效及安全性。方法：所选对象为３２例ＵＡＰ住院病人。经过常规治疗 １周后,临床症状及 ＥＣＧ无明显改善,在原治疗基础上加用低分子量肝素（商品名：克赛）每公斤体重１ｍｇ,腹部皮下注射 ｑ１２ｈ,持续 ７～ １０天。结果：心绞痛症状改善情况,临床总有效率 ８７．５％。 ＥＣＧ改善情况,临床总有效率８４．４％。血小板治疗前后分别为１９８±４２,１４１±５１．９（Ｐ＜０．０１）;凝血酶原时间治疗前后分别为１３．００±０．７５,１３． ８９±１．７１（Ｐ＜０．０５）,较治疗前均有明显改善。不良反应发生３例,且轻微。结论：低分子量肝素治疗ＵＡＰ方法简便、安全、可靠,疗效确切,具有临床推广应用价值。     

流行性出血热患者外周血单个核细胞对重组白细胞介素—2的…

作采用＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入法检测了流行性出血热（ＥＨＦ）患外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）对重组ＩＬ－２的体外增殖反应。结果表明，ＥＨＦ患各病期的刺激指数为：发热期３９．７±１０．７（ｘ±ｓｘ）少尿期４３．１±８．３，多尿期２８．７±５．２恢复期２９．９±７．４与正常对照组（３５．４．５）相比，无明显差异。提示ＥＨＦ患ＰＢＭＣ对外源性ＩＬ－２保持着良好的反应能力。早期使用ＩＬ－２治疗或许有助...     

持续气道正压通气治疗OSA的疗效评价

目的：为观察经鼻持续气道正压通气（ＣＰＡＰ）治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（ＯＳＡ）的疗效。方法：７６例非选择性患者连续进行两夜多导睡眠图检查,第１夜进行诊断,第２夜同时应用ＳｌｅｅｐＥａｓｙⅢ或Ｒｅｍｓｔａｒ型ＣＰＡＰ机对患者进行整夜经鼻正压通气治疗,记录ＣＰＡＰ治疗前、后多导睡眠图参数及临床表现。结果：经ＣＰＡＰ治疗后患者夜间打鼾１００％消失,６５例白天困倦缓解,有效率为８６％,多导睡眠图资料显示阻塞型呼吸暂停次数由１９３．５±１６６．３下降为２４．８±２５．９（Ｐ＜０．０１）;呼吸低通气次数由１４５．１±９７．１下降至３６．１±３８．５;睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数由４０．８±１８．２减至８．２±８．５（Ｐ＜０．０１）;最低血氧饱和度从（７４．８±１１．４）％上升至（９４．３±３．７）％,血氧饱和度低于９０％的时间占总睡眠时间的百分比从（３３．７±２１．５）％降至（０．１±２．１）％;心律失常时间（７９．５±８２．７）ｍｉｎ降至（６．６±１３．３）ｍｉｎ,差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＣＰＡＰ使阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停患者呼吸暂停和低通气消除、低氧血症缓解、心律失常得到纠正,是一安全、有效的治疗ＯＳＡ的措施     

神经外科手术后静脉血栓栓塞症预防性治疗研究

目的评估神经外科患者在围手术期皮下注射低分子肝素预防深静脉血栓栓塞症的安全性及有效性.方法实验组100例,术前12h至术后7d,每日皮下连续注射低分子肝素03ml.对照组100例,未行任何预防性抗凝措施.两组患者于术前和术后每隔7d分别行双下肢深静脉彩色超声多普勒检查,观察下肢深静脉血栓发生情况.结果实验组无深静脉血栓发生,术后血小板计数和凝血功能检查与手术前检查无显著性差异,无术后颅内出血者;对照组发生深静脉血栓10例(10%),1例发生症状性肺栓塞并死亡.结论神经外科患者在围手术期使用皮下注射低分子肝素预防深静脉血栓形成是安全有效的.     

胃肠道肿瘤手术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的预防

目的：探讨胃肠道肿瘤手术后急性下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的预防方法。方法：回顾996例胃肠道肿瘤手术．分为未采取血栓预防措施和以低分子肝素为主的血栓预防措施两组．比较两组深静脉血栓发生率。结果：采取预防性措施组下肢深静脉血栓的发生率明显低于未采取预防性措施组（P〈0．01）,未发生出血等并发症。结论：对于深静脉血栓高危患者,围手术期进行以低分子肝素为主的预防性措施是必要的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.