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1.
目的 探讨大学生自尊与社交焦虑之间的关系,以及理性分析策略在自尊与社交焦虑中的中介与调节效应.方法 采用方便取样方法,在北京某大学540名大学生中进行施测,其中女生376人,男生164人,完成自我意识量表一社交焦虑分量表、自尊量表及认知性情绪调节问卷-理性分析分量表.结果 理性分析策略的运用与自尊水平呈显著正相关(r=0.12,P<0.01),与社交焦虑状况呈显著负相关(r=-0.10,P<0.05);自尊水平与社交焦虑呈显著负相关(r=-0.35,P<0.01).理性分析策略在自尊和社交焦虑之间的关系起部分中介作用(AR2 =0.124,P<0.05)及调节作用(F=30.717,P<0.01).结论 大学生的自尊水平与其社交焦虑水平显著负相关,理性分析策略在自尊与社交焦虑的关系起部分中介作用;并且理性分析策略能够增强自尊对社交焦虑的直接影响.  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨家庭环境因素对大学生社交、焦虑状态的影响.方法采用家庭环境量表(FES),社交苦恼及回避量表(SAD),交往焦虑量表(IAS),焦虑自评量表(SAS),社交焦虑量表(SASS),对121名大学生进行了测查分析.结果家庭成员的亲密度、独立性、组织性与IAS、SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS、SASS得分均呈显著负相关,道德宗教观与IAS、SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS呈显著负相关,成功性与SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS呈显著负相关,情感表达SAS呈显著负相关;而矛盾性与IAS、SAD总分及其回避因子分、SAS得分呈显著正相关,控制性与SAS、SASS得分呈显著正相关.结论不良家庭环境因素是影响大学生社交、焦虑状态的危险因素.  相似文献   

3.
医学生社交焦虑与父母教养方式自尊的相关研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨医学生社交焦虑和父母教养方式、自尊的相互关系,为大学生心理健康辅导提供理论依据.方法 采用交往焦虑量表(IAS)、父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)、自尊量表(SES)对医学生346名进行调查.结果 医学生的社交焦虑与父母教养方式的父母情感温暖和理解、自尊水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.162,-0.150,-0.355,P<0.01),与母亲的过度干涉、过度保护、母亲的拒绝否认、母亲的偏爱被试呈正相关(r=0.137,0.127,0.116,P<0.05);且父亲的情感温暖与理解、父亲的过度保护及SES进入回归方程,决定系数分别为0.047和0.123.结论 父母教养方式和自尊水平对医学生的社交焦虑有一定的影响,但影响程度较低.  相似文献   

4.
  目的  本研究旨在评估情感虐待与青少年失眠之间的关系及作用机制,探讨羞耻倾向、反刍思维从中起到的中介作用。  方法  2021年5月,随机选取安徽省合肥市4所中学学生作为研究对象进行问卷调查。采用情感虐待量表,中学生羞耻感量表,反刍思维量表,失眠严重指数量表对6 916名中学生进行测查。进行描述统计、相关分析及序列中介效应分析。  结果  结果显示,情感虐待显著正向预测青少年失眠现状(β=0.291,P<0.001)。中介效应分析结果显示,情感虐待显著正向预测青少年羞耻倾向(β=0.365,P<0.001), 而羞耻倾向显著正向预测青少年失眠症状(β=0.245,P<0.001),羞耻倾向在情感虐待与青少年失眠症状之间起中介作用。情感虐待显著正向预测青少年反刍思维(β=0.183,P<0.001), 而反刍思维显著正向预测青少年失眠症状(β=0.981,P<0.001),反刍思维在情感虐待与青少年失眠症状之间起中介作用。同时,羞耻倾向可显著正向预测反刍思维(β=0.433,P<0.001),显示出羞耻倾向和反刍思维在情感虐待与青少年失眠之间的链式中介作用。  结论  (1) 情感虐待与青少年失眠症状呈正相关关系。(2)情感虐待可直接影响青少年失眠症状,也可以通过3种间接效应影响失眠症状,即羞耻倾向的中介作用、反刍思维的中介作用以及羞耻倾向和反刍思维的链式中介作用。   相似文献   

5.
目的 探讨城市居民共情、宽恕对生活满意度的影响,并探讨宽恕在共情和生活满意之间的中介效应.方法 使用人际反应指数量表(IRI)、宽恕量表(TFS)、生活满意度量表(SWLS),在全国范围内展开问卷调查,共取得有效样本3537份.结果 ①共情变量中的观点采摘维度可以显著预测宽恕和生活满意(β=0.409,P<0.01; β=0.145,P<0.01),个人忧急维度可以负向预测宽恕和生活满意(β=-0.291,P<0.01;β=-0.181,P<0.01);②宽恕可以显著预测生活满意(β=0.142,P<0.01);③宽恕在观点采摘和生活满意之间部分中介效应显著(P<0.01),在个人忧急和生活满意之间部分中介效应亦显著(P<0.01).结论 共情中的观点采摘和个人忧急维度对生活满意有不同的预测作用,宽恕在其中起到重要中介作用.  相似文献   

6.
目的 探索城市儿童社交焦虑与被忽视的性别差异及社交焦虑与被忽视关系.方法 分层抽取重庆市主城1 523名4~6年级小学生,运用儿童社交焦虑量表、儿童被忽视量表进行横断面调查.结果 男生忽视总分(Z=-3.83)、情感忽视(Z=-3.81)、交流忽视(Z=-3.15)、安全忽视(Z=-3.33)显著高于女孩(P<0.01),女孩害怕否定(Z=-6.50)、社交焦虑总分(Z=-5.39)高于男孩(P<0.01);按情感忽视、交流忽视、忽视总分严重程度比较,害怕否定、回避苦恼、社交焦虑总分均有显著差异(P<0.01);情感忽视与害怕否定(r =0.386)、社交焦虑总分(r=0.380)显著正相关(P<0.01),交流忽视与害怕否定(r=0.351)、社交焦虑总分(r=0.358)显著正相关(P<0.0i);多元逐步回归分析以害怕否定、回避苦恼、社交焦虑总分作为应变量时,忽视维度被纳入的变量分别能解释15.1%、5.0%、13.9%.结论 儿童社交焦虑与忽视,特别是情感忽视和交流忽视有关;尽管男生被忽视程度高于女生,但忽视对女孩社交焦虑影响更大.  相似文献   

7.
大学生家庭环境因素与社交、焦虑的关系研究   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
目的 探讨家庭环境因素对大学生社交、焦虑状态的影响。方法 采用家庭环境量表(FES),社交苦恼及回避量表(SAD),交往焦虑量表(LAS),焦虑自评量表(SAS),社交焦虑量表(SASS),对121名大学生进行了测查分析。结果 家庭成员的亲密度、独立性、组织性与IAS、SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS、SASS得分均呈显著负相关,道德宗教观与IAS、SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS呈显著负相关,成功性与SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS呈显著负相关,情感表达SAS呈显著负相关;而矛盾性与IAS、SAD总分及其回避因子分、SAS得分呈显著正相关,控制性与SAS、SASS得分呈显著正相关。结论 不良家庭环埔因素是影响大学生社交、焦虑状态的危险因素。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨护生积极心理品质与总体幸福感之间的关系,以及自我效能感在二者之间中介作用。方法采用自编一般情况调查表、中国大学生积极心理品质量表、一般自我效能感量表以及总体幸福感量表对745位在校护生进行问卷调查。统计学处理采用描述性统计分析、单样本t检验以及中介效应检验程序。结果护生认知、公正维度得分低于全国大学生常模(P<0.05),情感维度得分高于大学生常模(P<0.01)。一般自我效能感得分为2.40±0.47,总体幸福感得分为77.30±11.59。男生总体幸福感得分显著高于女生(P<0.01)。除公正维度外,护生积极心理品质与总体幸福感显著相关(P<0.05)。自我效能在认知与总体幸福感之间(中介效应=0.055,效应比=0.436)、在情感与总体幸福感之间(中介效应=0.022,效应比=0.699)、在人际与总体幸福感之间(中介效应=0.031,效应比=0.272)均起部分中介作用;在节制与总体幸福感之间(效应比=0.547)、在超越与总体幸福感之间(效应比=0.232)也起部分中介作用。其间接效应分别可以解释自变量方差的1.55%和5.42%。结论护生积极心理品质的人际、超越、情感、节制、认知方面与总体幸福感存在显著相关关系,且自我效能在二者间起到部分中介作用。  相似文献   

9.
《西北医学教育》2019,(5):821-825
目的考察医学生负面评价恐惧、自尊及考试焦虑三者的关系。方法以简明负面评价恐惧量表、自尊量表及考试焦虑量表为测量工具对306名在校医学生进行施测,并对数据进行分析。结果①医学生的负面评价恐惧与自尊之间存在显著的负相关(r=-0.118,P<0.05),考试焦虑与负面评价恐惧之间存在显著的正相关(r=0.278,P<0.01),自尊与考试焦虑之间存在显著的负相关(r=-0.405,P<0.01);②负面评价恐惧对考试焦虑既有直接影响,也通过自尊对其产生间接影响,中介效应占总效应比例为16.04%。结论①医学生中负面评价恐惧越高的个体,自尊水平越低,考试焦虑水平越高;②自尊在负面评价恐惧与考试焦虑之间起部分中介作用。  相似文献   

10.
目的:采用健康焦虑的认知行为理论及元认知理论,探讨述情障碍、认知因素、元认知因素与健康焦虑 之间的关系。方法:采用简版健康焦虑量表、健康焦虑元认知量表、健康认知量表、多伦多述情障碍量表对1 164 名医学生进行评估。结果:1)相关分析显示:述情障碍、功能失调性信念、元认知和健康焦虑水平之间均存在显著 正相关关系(r=0.227~0.477,均P<0.01)。2)多重中介效应检验结果表明:述情障碍对健康焦虑水平的直接效应不显著 (β=–0.05,95% CI:–0.123~0.021)。述情障碍既能通过功能失调性信念影响健康焦虑(β=0.192,95% CI:0.156~0.235), 还能通过功能失调性信念和元认知的中介链对健康焦虑产生间接效应(β=0.103,95% CI:0.077~0.135),功能失调性信 念在述情障碍和健康焦虑水平之间起完全中介作用(β=0.247,95% CI:0.196~0.290)。结论:功能失调性信念和元认知 在述情障碍对健康焦虑的影响中起到多重中介作用。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

20.
Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P<0.01);the MAP decreased(P<0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P<0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.  相似文献   

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