孕妇血清AFP、uE3和β-hCG水平与严重胎儿缺陷的关系

①目的探讨孕中期血清甲胎球蛋白(AFP)、游离雌三醇(uE3)和β绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-hCG)水平与严重胎儿缺陷的关系.②方法用ELISA方法对832例1 6～21周妊娠妇女血清AFP、uE3和β-hCG进行检测,以筛查阳性病人.③结果14例胎儿被确诊为异常,其中唐氏综合征2例,无脑儿3例,脊柱裂3例,唇腭裂1例,腹裂肠外翻1例,孕中期自然流产2例,死胎1例,葡萄胎1例.总检出率为1.68%.假阳性15例,占被检人数的1.80%.④结论以上3种生化指标联合检测可作为产前诊断严重胎儿缺陷的有效方法.     

血清AFP、uE_3、β-HCG联检孕中期妇女筛查胎儿先天性缺陷分析

目的通过血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）、游离雌三醇（uE3）、β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-hCG）联检孕中期妇女,筛查胎儿发生染色体异常及神经管缺陷等先天性缺陷病的概率,为优生优育提供可靠的鉴别手段。方法采用全自动化学发光仪检测中期孕妇血清中AFP、β-hCG、uE3的含量,用该仪器配套的唐氏筛查软件系统计算出胎儿患唐氏综合征（DS）、开放性神经管缺陷（NTDS）、18三体综合征（trisomy18）的风险,并对高危孕妇做羊水细胞染色体分析及B超检查给予确诊。结果筛查8021例孕妇中,高风险孕妇DS阳性277例,阳性率为3.5%;NTDS阳性20例,阳性率为0.25%;trisomy18阳性3例,阳性率为0.04%。30岁以上孕妇组胎儿异常发生率明显高于30以下组（P〈0.01）。结论孕中期孕妇血清AFP、uE3、β-HCG的联合检查对预防DS、NTDS、trisomy18胎儿的出生具有重要意义。     

孕中期检测母血清标记物在唐氏综合征筛查中的应用

目的：探讨血清标记物甲胎蛋白（AFP）和游离-β-绒毛膜促性腺激素（Free-β-HCG）在孕中期唐氏综合征（Down，ssyndrome，DS）产前筛查中的应用价值。方法：应用时间分辨免疫荧光法检测孕15—20w孕妇血清AFP和Free-β-HCG的含量，结合孕妇年龄、孕周、体重、吸烟史等因素，通过唐氏综合征筛查软件进行风险率评估，对高风险率孕妇进行遗传咨询，在知情同意的情况下进行羊水细胞染色体的检查及B超进行确诊。结果：6438例孕妇中，发现21-三体综合征2例，18-三体综合征3例，其他胎儿异常11例。结论：孕中期母体血清AFP、Free-β-HCG2项血清标志物联合检测，对胎儿先天缺陷尤其对于唐氏综合征产前筛查有效可行，经产前诊断及时采取措施，能降低先天缺陷患儿的出生率。     

常州地区1 632例唐氏筛查与诊断分析

目的 探计检测孕妇血清标志物甲胎蛋白（AFP）、游离β绒毛膜促性腺激素（Free-β-hCG）对孕中期胎儿神经管缺陷、染色体异常的产前筛查效果。方法 利用妇幼保健三级网络对孕中期妇女进行上述两项血清生化指标物检测，通过风险计算，结果为高风险孕妇，经遗传咨询，在孕妇知情的情况下选择产前诊断。对每例孕妇追踪随访至胎儿出生。结果 筛查的1632例孕妇中，检出各类高危人群126例，确诊神经管缺陷3例、染色体异常5例。结论 孕中期妇女血清生化指标物检测，是筛查胎儿神经管缺陷、染色体异常的有效方法之一。     

唐氏综合征产前筛查与诊断的研究

目的探讨孕中期妇女（15-20周）血清生化标志物甲胎蛋白（AFP）和游离β绒毛膜促性腺激素（F-βHCG）及游离雌三醇（uE3）在胎儿唐氏综合征产前筛查中的作用。方法采用全自动时间分辨免疫技术检测孕妇血清中AFP、F-βHCG和uE3浓度,结合孕妇年龄、体重、孕周等因素,利用配套软件计算胎儿患唐氏综合征的风险,对高风险孕妇进行羊水细胞培养,得出胎儿是否患唐氏综合征,并随访追踪每例筛查孕妇至胎儿出生。结果筛查的3000例孕妇中,唐氏综合征高风险孕妇138例,筛出率为4.60%,进行羊水染色体培养胎儿染色体异常3例,其中唐氏儿2例,18-三体综合征儿1例,检出率为2.17%,假阳性率为4.50%。神经管缺陷高风险45例,筛出率1.50%,确诊神经管畸形6例,检出率13.33%。结论孕中期母血清生化标志物是筛查胎儿染色体异常和神经管缺陷的理想指标。     

唐氏综合症孕中期母血筛查及羊水诊断分析

目的 探讨检测孕中期母血清中AFP，β-HCG浓度对筛壹唐氏综合症胎儿的作用。方法 利用微粒子酶免疫技术检测血清中甲胎蛋白（AFP）和绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-HCG）的浓度，结合各种影响因素，利用分析软件进行风险评估，再经羊水细胞染色体核型分析确诊。结果 3617例孕中期孕妇接受筛查，唐氏综合症高危者219例。阳性率6．1％。219例高危者中的178例接受羊水染色体检查。共查出染色体异常6例，其中唐氏综合证3例。结论 孕中期母血清中AFP，β-HCG的测定是一种无创性检测手段，对筛查唐氏综合症胎儿，减少其出生有重要意义。     

ACCESS在唐氏综合征筛查的应用

目的 探讨血清标志物甲胎蛋白（AFP）、β-绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-HCG）、雌三醇（uE3）对孕中期妇女进行胎儿唐氏综合征（DS）为主的先天缺陷筛查的作用。方法用全自动微粒子发光酶免疫分析仪（ACCESS）对1310例孕（14—19W）孕妇血清AFP、β-HCG、和uE3三项指标进行检测，并结合孕妇年龄、孕周、体重、是否双胎、有无糖尿病等。采用仪器配套软件计算风险概率，对高风险孕妇进行B超及羊水细胞染色体检查进行确认。结果 在1310例孕妇中按ACCESS仪提供的中住数和本组孕妇的中位教计算。DS筛查阳性率分别为3．13％、5．42％；18三体综合征筛查阳性率分别为2．06％、2．90％；神经管缺陷筛查阳性率均为2．98％。共检出先天缺陷9例。检出率为0．61％。结论 孕中期血清AFP、β-HCG和uE3三项标志物联合检测是预防先天缺陷患儿出生的重要途径。     

孕中期血清学产前筛查1320例结果分析

目的：探讨孕中期孕妇血清绒毛膜促性腺激素（ HCG）、甲胎蛋白（ AFP）两联生化指标对唐氏综合征（ DS）和神经管缺陷（ NTD）等先天缺陷疾病的临床诊断价值。方法采集孕周14～27周的孕中期孕妇1320例的静脉血,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ ELISA ）检测血清AFP、β-HCG的浓度,对DS、NTD的风险系数进行评估,对高危孕妇进行羊水细胞遗传学检查和/或B超检查,新生儿随访检查确认。结果1320例孕妇中,DS筛查高风险66例（5．0％）,NTD高风险6例（0．45％）。产前诊断确诊DS 3例,NTD 1例。高风险孕妇中未做产前诊断者发现DS 1例,低风险孕妇追踪随访发现DS 2例。结论孕中期筛查孕妇血清AFP、β-HCG结合其他产前筛查技术可提高胎儿缺陷发现率。     

孕中期血清标志物AFP、F-βhCG在唐氏综合征和神经管缺陷筛查中的意义

目的 探讨孕中期唐氏综合征和神经管缺陷筛查方法在本地区运用的有效性，建立本实验室中位数的参考值，提高筛查效率。方法 用ELISA法检测孕中期孕妇血清中的AFP和F-βhCG值，通过筛查软件计算胎儿唐氏综合征的风险值，风险值大于或等于1/275判为高危妊娠。结果 358例孕妇中唐氏综合征高危15例，神经管缺陷高危20例，其阳性率分别为4.19%和5.59%，经羊水穿刺染色体分析，诊断21三体分离型1例，易位型1例。结论 用孕娠中期孕母血清中的AFP和F-βhCG值可有效地筛查出唐氏综合征高危产妇，预防病残儿的出生。正常孕中期孕母血中的AFP、F-βhCG的中位数值与孕周分别呈正相关和负相关关系。     

龙口市1581例妊娠中期妇女唐氏筛查结果分析

目的探讨检测妊娠中期妇女唐氏综合征筛查结果及其对严重先天性缺陷儿宫内诊断的临床价值。方法利用妇幼保健三级网络,在知情同意情况下对15～20周孕中期妇女进行血清标志物甲胎蛋白（AFP）及游离β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-HCG）两项检测,通过风险计算,结果为高风险孕妇,经遗传学咨询在孕妇及家属同意的情况下选择产前诊断,对所有孕妇追踪随访至胎儿出生。结果 1581例唐氏筛查孕妇中呈高危者127例,阳性率8.01%其中确诊神经管缺陷4例,染色体异常2例,均接受建议并已终止妊娠,避免缺陷儿的出生。结论孕中期妇女唐氏筛查是筛查胎儿神经缺陷及染色体异常的有效方法之一。广泛开展唐氏筛查有利于本地人口质量的提高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.