头皮下原发性脑膜瘤1例

脑膜瘤临床上很常见 ,它是仅次于胶质瘤的常见颅内肿瘤 ,但脑膜瘤发生在颅外却极为少见 ,我科曾遇 1例 ,报告如下。1　病例介绍患者 ,男 ,70岁。 1 0余年前因交通肇事被行车碰击头部形成 1个拇指大小包块 ,无不良反应 ,未处理。包块逐渐长至拳头大小 ,除时而头昏外 ,无其他不适感。查体 :意识清楚 ,全身状态良好。右头顶部有一 1 0cm× 8cm大小包块 ,其最高处有波动感 ,四周质地硬 ,无压痛。X线诊断 :右顶部肿物 ,肿物部位所在颅骨内外板有改变。脑血管造影未发现颅内占位病变。眼底检查正常。腰穿测得脑压1 30mmH2 O ,脑脊液生化及常规未…     

腹膜后副神经节细胞瘤1例报告

副神经节瘤是一类起源于神经嵴细胞的肿瘤,主要分布于头颈、纵隔、肾上腺及腹膜后等有副神经节聚集的部位,临床上较为少见。我院发现1例,现报告如下。     

Merkel细胞瘤临床研究进展

Merkel细胞瘤（Merkelcellcarcinoma，MCC）是一种罕见的皮肤神经内分泌肿瘤，具有高度侵犯性。自发现至今，MCC曾有过多种称渭，包括皮肤神经内分泌肿瘤、皮肤原发性小细胞癌及皮肤小梁状癌等。MCC细胞属于胺前体摄取脱竣（amineprecursoruptakerlerarhoxylation，APUD）细胞的一种，免疫组化分析发现其兼具表皮和神经内分泌特征，     

输尿管原发性小细胞神经内分泌癌1例

小细胞神经内分泌癌（SCNC）是一类恶性程度高、极具侵袭性的肿瘤,其临床进展迅速,患者预后差。肺和胃肠道是最常见的原发部位,而输尿管原发性SCNC十分罕见。本文报道湖北医药学院附属人民医院2022年1月21日收治输尿管原发性SCNC1例,患者因“右侧腰腹疼痛半天”就诊,增强CT检查提示肿瘤,行膀胱镜下单侧肾输尿管切除术,术后辅以放疗,术后7个月患者因肿瘤复发转移引起多器官功能衰竭而死亡。     

节细胞神经瘤的CT诊断

<正>节细胞神经瘤(ganglioneuroma,GN)又称神经节细胞瘤、节细胞神经纤维瘤,是一种少见的起源于交感神经系统的良性肿瘤[1],源于原始神经嵴细胞,肿瘤由成熟的施万细胞、节细胞和神经纤维组成。以往由于认识不足,常误诊为其他神经源性肿瘤,鉴于此,笔者回顾性分析GN的多层螺旋CT     

嗜铬细胞瘤／副神经节瘤的分子遗传学研究进展

嗜铬细胞瘤（pheochromocytoma,PHEO）／副神经节瘤（paraganglioma,PGL）是一种起源于神经嵴细胞的肿瘤,常分泌儿茶酚胺等物质,临床较少见。2004年WHO内分泌肿瘤分类定义PHEO为来源于肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞的肿瘤,恶性约占10％;肾上腺外或异位嗜铬细胞瘤统称为PGL,约占PHEO／PGL的9％～24％,30％～40％的PGL为恶性。     

皮肤麦克细胞癌的临床病理特征（附4例报告及文献复习）

对4例皮肤麦克细胞癌进行了临床病理分析，结合文献复习，认为该肿瘤好发于中老年女性，好发部位为身体暴露部位的皮肤，高度恶性，局部复发率和区域淋巴结转移率高。肿瘤形态学和免疫标记特征与其它神经内分泌肿瘤相同，但同时又具有多向分化的表型特征。本文对其组织起源进行了初步探讨。     

不同类型嗜铬细胞瘤／副神经节瘤病变特点及 MIBG 诊断价值

嗜铬细胞瘤／副神经节瘤（ PHEO／PGL）是一类来源于肾上腺髓质、交感、副交感神经系统的神经内分泌肿瘤，能合成、分泌儿茶酚胺类物质（去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和（或）多巴胺），从而引起高血压、头痛、心悸、大汗等一系列临床症状。如处理不当，心脑血管意外风险极高，因此，了解不同类型PHEO／PGL病变特点及明确诊断，对临床处理尤为重要。目前，对于PHEO／PGL的诊断方法主要包括临床表现、内分泌检查及影像学检查等。间位碘代苄胍（MIBG）显像作为一种功能影像学诊断方式，临床应用已30余年，在PHEO／PGL患者的筛查及随访中起着至关重要的作用。对于散发性、遗传性、恶性等不同类型的 PHEO／PGL，其病变特点及MIBG显像诊断价值有所不同，结合已公开发表的临床研究数据，本文将重点对此做一概述。     

9岁女患儿的原发性气管雪旺细胞瘤（神经鞘瘤）

作者报道1例患原发性气管雪旺细胞瘤(神经鞘瘤)的9岁女患儿合并气道梗阻。CT扫描发现气管内多息肉样肿块,73%的管腔发生梗阻。行气管部分切除及吻合术。病检确诊为起源于雪旺细胞的良性神经源性肿瘤。9岁女患儿的原发性气管雪旺细胞瘤(神经鞘瘤)@Nio M. @Sano N. @Kotera     

神经元和混合性神经元-神经胶质肿瘤的MRI诊断

目的探讨颅内神经元和混合性神经元-神经胶质肿瘤的MRI表现及诊断价值。方法回顾分析16例患者均经手术病理证实为神经元和混合性神经元-神经胶质肿瘤的MRI资料。结果5例中枢神经细胞瘤有一定的MRI特征,3例诊断正确。8例神经节细胞胶质瘤中,7例位于或主要位于颞、枕叶,1例位于桥脑和延髓,表现为囊实性者5例,实性部分位于囊外的有3例,呈实性表现为局部脑回增厚者1例,囊变坏死明显者2例。3例小脑发育不良性节细胞瘤有特征性的条纹状或分层状表现。结论神经元和混合性神经元-神经胶质肿瘤是中枢神经系统少见的良性肿瘤,仔细分析MRI上某些特征性表现有助于术前诊断。     

Primary cardiac paraganglioma

A primary cardiac paraganglioma was identified in a 59-year-old Caucasian male who complained of palpitations and chest pain. The neoplasm (4.7 cm in diameter) was surgically excised from the left posterior atrium. Adriamycin-based adjuvant chemotherapy was administered. The patient returned to his normal activities. There is no evidence of recurrence or metastasis after two years and nine months.     

Primary cutaneous nocardiosis.

Seven patients with primary cutaneous nocardiosis were seen during a 20-month period. Six patients had a history of local trauma to an extremity or did frequent yard work. The spectrum of clinical disease included cellulitis, pustules,pyoderma, or lymphocutaneous syndrome mimicking sporotrichosis. Evidence of Nocardia infection elsewhere was absent, and no patient had a serious underlying disease. Nocardia brasiliensis was isolated from four cases, and N asteroides was identified in the other three patients. In two patients, disease resolved without chemotherapy, while a short course of a sulfonamide with or without trimethoprim therapy was successful in the remaining cases. The relatively benign nature of this disease, the usual failure to obtain cultures of superficial skin infections, and our accumulation of seven cases in less than two years suggest this disease is more common than previously recognized.     

Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in Hawai'i

A 72-year-old man developed a primary cutaneous cryptococcal skin infection on the right forearm, which was responsive to oral fluconazole 400 mg per day. After 16 weeks of treatment, the skin lesion completely resolved without any residual scarring.     

Primary chondrosarcoma of the lung with cutaneous and skeletal metastases

Extraosseous chondrosarcomas are rare tumours. Primary chondrosarcoma of the lung is very rare, and is considered to be a slow-growing, well-circumscribed tumour, with rare incidence of extra-thoracic metastasis. We report a 60-year-old man who had chondrosarcoma of the lung with two local recurrences, namely: recurrent cutaneous metastases and a skeletal metastasis. Cutaneous metastases were treated by excision with adequate margins each time and they did not recur at the same site. Metastasis in the C5 vertebrae was treated by corpectomy and bone grafting. The patient is well six years after diagnosis.     

Primary cutaneous nodular amyloidosis initially presenting with eczema

We report an unusual case of a 76-year-old woman with primary cutaneous amyloidosis who initially presented with features of asteatotic eczema that was unresponsive to topical corticosteroid treatment. Histological examination revealed amyloid deposits involving the superficial and deep dermis. These lesions later gradually evolved into erythematous nodules, and a second biopsy performed 29 months after the initial presentation again revealed diffuse collections of amyloid throughout the dermis. Further investigations did not reveal evidence of systemic involvement, thus indicating a diagnosis of primary cutaneous nodular amyloidosis. The initial presentation as eczematous lesions illustrates the importance of clinicopathological correlation and subsequent follow-up.