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某综合医院SARS暴发与控制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Objective: To investigate the SARS epidemic and the control effectiveness in a general hospital, Methods: Clinical and suspected cases of SARS were queried in the hospital, the emerging of the disease was described and the effectiveness of control measures were analyzed according to the rules and protective materials used during the epidemic. Resuits: The outbreak started with a patient from Beijing on 15 April. The disease spread quickly among the healthcare workers and the cohabit patients in the hospital which the first cases were admitted. By 17 May, 112 probable (clinical cases) and suspected cases had been reported with 14 deaths. 89 cases in the hospital were surely sourced from the index SARS patient whose admission for the sake of coronary heart disease caused the SARS outbreak. With the stringent control measures and the endeavors of the hospital staff, the epidemic was controlled successfully in a short period. From May 17 to now, no new cases occurred. Conclusion: Though with high infectivity, SARS can also be controlled with proper strategy and methods.  相似文献   

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Background From late May 2009, sporadic imported cases of novel influenza A (HIN1) were continuously confirmed in Shanghai, but there were few reports on its clinical presentation in China. The aim of the study was to investigate the demographic and clinical features of the laboratory-confirmed cases and the treatment with oseltamivir. Method We performed a retrospective study in the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center (SHAPHC), reviewing the medical records of the laboratory-confirmed patients derived from June 10 to July 20, 2009. Results A total of 156 cases were enrolled, of whom 152 had a history of recent travel. The mean age was 22.6 years and 89 cases (57.1%) were males. The most common symptoms were fever, cough, and sore throat, with children more likely to run a temperature above 38.5℃ than adults. The mean leucocyte count was 5.4×10^9/L, the mean neutrophil count 3.2×10^9/L and the mean lymphocyte count 1.4×10^9/L. Other findings included a normal range or elevated level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and a normal or decreased level of prealbumin; the levels of prealbumin and CRP were significantly lower in the children than in the adults. Fifty-two patients had abnormal chest CT results, with small unilateral or bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, axillary and mediastinal lymphadenopathy and local pleural thickening, while no cases showed symptoms of hypoxia. All the patients received oseltamivir and recovered without complications, but the duration of fever and virus shedding were significantly longer in the children than in the adults. Conclusions Travel-related circulation may be an important reason for the H1N1 epidemic in the non-epidemic areas, and the virus caused mild respiratory symptoms. The infection in children was more severe in terms of prealbumin levels, temperature, the duration of fever and virus shedding. Oseltamivir was effective for H1N1, but more effective in the adults than in the children.  相似文献   

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Objective The aim of this study was to update the epidemic situation of dengue fever(DF) and provide new insights for the consideration of disease control in Fujian province,China.Methods Details about DF cases in Fujian reported during 2004–2017 were collected and analyzed.The envelope(E) genes of isolates of dengue virus(DENV) were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis.Results The number of imported DF cases had increased dramatically since 2013,and the source regions expanded from Southeast Asia to South Asia,America,Oceania,and Africa,as well as the surrounding provinces.This resulted in local outbreaks and indigenous cases of DF that occurred more frequently,with 10 of 13 local outbreaks and 85.9%(1,252/1,458) of indigenous cases reported in2013–2017.Compared with only two coastal cities before 2013,four coastal and one inland city in 2013–2017 experienced the local DF outbreaks.The phylogenetic analysis of E genes confirmed that the import of DENV,not only from abroad but also from the surrounding provinces,played an important role in dissemination and local outbreaks of DF in Fujian.Conclusions The frequent import of DF cases from not only abroad but also the surrounding provinces resulted in increased incidence,frequent local outbreaks,and expansion of distribution in Fujian in recent years.There is a need for urgent measures to improve disease control in this province.  相似文献   

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During the spring of 2013,a novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus emerged and spread in Shanghai.On May 9,2013,33 lab-confirmed cases (2 children and 31 adults) have been reported,among whom 13 died.Among the 31 adult cases of H7N9 avian influenza A virus infections in humans,80.6% (25/31) were older men (average age 65 years).Clear history of poultry exposure was found in eight patients (8/33,24.3%) and the remaining 21 cases had been suspected poultry exposure.Clustered cases were found in two families (two cases from a father and his son,and the other two cases from a wife and her husband).However,no evidence of human-to-human transmission had been identified.Avian influenza is one of the most dangerous contagions in poultry worldwide,and avian influenza A virus is the major pathogen responsible.Transmission from poultry to humans has now been proven.Some gene segments of the strain have mutated,and further mutations might result in human-to-human transmission.  相似文献   

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Objective To explore the associations between the monthly number of dengue fever(DF) cases and possible risk factors in Guangzhou, a subtropical city of China.
Methods The monthly number of DF cases, Breteau Index (BI), and meteorological measures during 2006-2014 recorded in Guangzhou, China, were assessed. A negative binomial regression model was used to evaluate the relationships between BI, meteorological factors, and the monthly number of DF cases.
Results A total of 39,697 DF cases were detected in Guangzhou during the study period. DF incidence presented an obvious seasonal pattern, with most cases occurring from June to November. The current month’s BI, average temperature (Tave), previous month’s minimum temperature (Tmin), and Tave were positively associated with DF incidence. A threshold of 18.25 °C was found in the relationship between the current month’s Tmin and DF incidence.
Conclusion Mosquito density, Tave, and Tmin play a critical role in DF transmission in Guangzhou. These findings could be useful in the development of a DF early warning system and assist in effective control and prevention strategies in the DF epidemic.  相似文献   

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Primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis (TBA) is a rare pulmonary disease.A systematic review was performed on 64 cases of primary TBA in China and progress in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease is discussed.The Chinese biological and medical databases from 1970 to 2010 were searched and 75 cases of complete clinical and pathological data were identified.The clinical characteristics of the disease were summarized and longitudinal comparisons were made of diagnostic and treatment methods over time.The results showed that the morbidity associated with primary TBA has increased over recent years.The clinical manifestations were non-specific.Progressive dyspnea, cough and sputum were the most common symptoms.The percentage of patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) scan has increased over the years.The bronchoscopy and transbrochial lung biopsy (TBLB) were usually sufficient to establish the diagnosis.Treatment was reported for a total of 44 cases.Bronchoscopic Nd:YAG laser irradiation, argon plasma coagulation (APC) and drugs administration such as steroids and colchicines were reported to be effective in some patients.It is concluded that the demographic characteristics and clinical manifestations of primary TBA patients in China are largely consistent with findings reported in other countries.Dramatically more cases were reported in recent years, mainly due to the extensive application of bronchoscopy since 1990s.Chest CT scan provides important clues for the diagnosis of the disease.The definite diagnosis was confirmed by bronchoscopic findings and Congo red staining of biopsy specimen.Bronchoscopic Nd:YAG laser irradiation, argon plasma coagulation (APC) and drugs administration, such as steroids and colchicines were reported to be effective in some patients.  相似文献   

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Objective To clarify the epidemiological characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of human norovirus outbreaks in China, identify high-risk areas, and provide guidance for epidemic prevention and control.Methods This study analyzed 964 human norovirus outbreaks involving 50,548 cases in 26 provinces reported from 2012 to 2018. Epidemiological analysis and spatiotemporal scanning analysis were conducted to analyze the distribution of norovirus outbreaks in China.Results The outbreaks sho...  相似文献   

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Background Few studies have reported the effect of different volume responsiveness evaluation methods on volume therapy results and prognosis.This study was carried out to investigate the effect of two volume responsiveness evaluation methods,stroke volume variation (SW) and stroke volume changes before and after passive leg raising (PLR-ASV),on fluid resuscitation and prognosis in septic shock patients.Methods Septic shock patients admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Zhejiang Hospital,China,from March 2011 to March 2013,who were under controlled ventilation and without arrhythmia,were studied.Patients were randomly assigned to the SVV group or the PLR-ASV group.The SVV group used the Pulse Indication Continuous Cardiac Output monitoring of SW,and responsiveness was defined as SW->12%.The PLR-ASV group used ASV before and after PLR as the indicator,and responsiveness was defined as ASV >15%.Six hours after fluid resuscitation,changes in tissue perfusion indicators (lactate,lactate clearance rate,central venous oxygen saturation (SCVO2),base excess (BE)),organ function indicators (white blood cell count,neutrophil percentage,platelet count,total protein,albumin,alanine aminotransferase,total and direct bilirubin,blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine,serum creatine kinase,oxygenation index),fluid balance (6-and 24-hour fluid input) and the use of cardiotonic drugs (dobutamine),prognostic indicators (the time and rate of achieving early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) standards,duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay,and 28-day mortality) were observed.Results Six hours after fluid resuscitation,there were no significant differences in temperature,heart rate,blood pressure,SpO2,organ function indicators,or tissue perfusion indicators between the two groups (P >0.06).The 6-and 24-hour fluid input was slightly less in the SW group than in the PLR-ASV group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05).The SW group used significantly more dobutamine than the PLR-ASV group (33.3% vs.10.7%,P =0.039).There were no significant differences in the time ((4.8±1.4) h vs.(4.3±1.3) h,P=0.142) and rate of achieving EGDT standards (90.0% vs.92.9%,P =0.698),or in the length of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay.The 28-day mortality in the SW group (16.7% (5/30)) was slightly higher than the PLR-ASV group (14.3% (4/28)),but the difference was not statistically significant (P =0.788).Conclusions In septic shock patients under controlled ventilation and without arrhythmia,using SW or PLR-ASV methods to evaluate volume responsiveness has a similar effect on volume therapy results and prognosis.The evaluation and dynamic monitoring of volume responsiveness is more important for fluid resuscitation than the evaluation methods themselves.Choosing different methods to evaluate volume responsiveness has no significant influence on the effect of volume therapy and prognosis.  相似文献   

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BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as a common systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease, affects approximately 1 in 100 individuals. Effective treatment for RA is not yet available because current research does not have a clear understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of RA. Xinfeng Capsule, a patent Chinese herbal medicine, has been used in the treatment of RA in recent years. Despite its reported clinical efficacy, there are no large-sample, multicenter, randomized trials that support the use of Xinfeng Capsule for RA. Therefore, we designed a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of Xinfeng Capsule in the treatment of RA. METHODS AND DESIGN: This is a 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial on the treatment of RA. The participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group at a ratio of 1:1. Participants in the experimental group will receive Xinfeng Capsule and a pharmaceutical placebo (imitation leflunomide). The control group will receive leflunomide and an herbal placebo (imitation Xinfeng Capsule). The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Criteria for RA will be used to measure the efficacy of the Xinfeng Capsule. The primary outcome measure will be the percentage of study participants who achieve an ACR 20% response rate (ACR20), which will be measured every 4 weeks after randomization. Secondary outcomes will include the ACR50 and ACR70 responses, the side effects of the medications, the Disease Activity Score 28, RA biomarkers, quality of life, and X-rays of the hands and wrists. The first four of the secondary outcomes will be measured every 4 weeks and the others will be measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. DISCUSSION: The result of this trial will help to evaluate whether Xinfeng Capsule is effective and safe in the treatment of RA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. The identifier is N CT01774877.  相似文献   

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Intraditional Chinese medicine (TCM),the so-called津液refers to all the fluid and liquid flowingand maintaining inside the human body.In Chineselanguage,津液is a phrase composed of twoChinese characters which describes two differentkinds of fluid or liquid in the human body .According to the theory of TCM,津refers to thepart of fluid that is thin in texture and flowss moothly inside the body while液refers to thepart of fluid that is thick in texture and mainlymaintains in the joints of the body to nourish andlubr...  相似文献   

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Objective To observe the different impacts of electrolytic iron, FeSO4, and NaFeEDTA on body iron store of anemic school students. Methods Four hundreds anemic students at the age of 11-18 years were divided into four groups. Of which, three consumed different iron fortificants from wheat flour as food vehicle for six months and one consumed non-fortified flour (control). The fortification level of electrolytic iron, FeSO4, and NaFeEDTA was 60 mg Fe/kg, 30 mg Fe/kg, and 20 mg Fe/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, and 6 months and hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), and transferrin receptor (TfR) were measured. Results The hemoglobin levels in three intervention groups increased, the increments of Hb in the NaFeEDTA group were significantly higher than that in the other groups. SF and TfR levels increased in the tested groups and body iron store in the NaFeEDTA group was higher than that in the other groups. These parameters did not show any significant changes in the control group. Conclusion NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 tortified wheat flour has positive impacts on iron status in anemic students and NaFeEDTA is more effective than FeSO4, while electrolytic iron is less effective in improving iron store in anemic students.  相似文献   

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Objective To examine the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on lipid and glucose metabolism under a high dietary fat burden and to explore the possible role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) in these effects. Methods Twenty male golden hamsters were randomly divided into CGA treatment group (n=10, given peritoneal injection of CGA solution prepared with PBS, 80 mg CGA/kg body weight daily), and control group (n=10, given PBS i.p. at the average volume of the treatment group). Animals in both groups were given 15% high fat diet. Eight weeks after treatment with CGA, the level of biochemical parameters in fasting serum and tissues and the expression of hepatic mRNA and protein PPAR-α were determined. Results Eight weeks after treatment with CGA, the levels of fasting serum triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glucose (FSG), and insulin (FSI) were significantly lower in the GGA treatment group than in the control group. CGA also led to higher activity of hepatic lipase (HL) lower contents of TG and FFA in liver, and lower activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, CGA significantly elevated significantly elevated the expression level of mRNA and protein expression in hepatic PPAR-α. Conclusion CGA can modify lipids and glucose metabolism, which may be attributed to PPAR-α facilitated lipid clearance in liver and improved insulin sensitivity.  相似文献   

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INTRODUCTION
A 56-year-old Chinese female patient with A (H1N1) influenza pneumonia accompanied by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) of the Central Nervous System (CNS) is described in this article. The patient had typical clinical manifestation, and the diagnosis was reached after MRI and other examinations. From this case, we can conclude that the virus of A (H1N1) influenza can infect CNS, and we should pay more attention to patients of A (H1N1) influenza pneumonia with neurological complications.  相似文献   

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The central nervous system (CNS) plays a key regulatory role in glucose homeostasis. In particular, the brain is important in initiating and coordinating protective counterregulatory responses when blood glucose levels fall. This may due to the metabolic dependency of the CNS on glucose, and protection of food supply to the brain. In healthy subjects, blood glucose is normally maintained within a relatively narrow range. Hypoglycemia in diabetic patients can increase the risk of complications, such as heart disease and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The clinical research finds that the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a positive effect on the treatment of hypoglycemia. Here the authors reviewed the current understanding of sensing and counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia, and discuss combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine and the theory of iatrogenic hypoglycemia in diabetes treatment. Furthermore, the authors clarify the feasibility of treating hypoglycemia on the basis of TCM theory and CNS and have an insight on its clinical practice.  相似文献   

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Patients with a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are on the rise. About 4%-12% of women are currently estimated to have this condition. It is hypothesized that PCOS appears in women who have long-standing insulin resistance (1R), which leads to high androgen and testosterone levels; this ultimately disrupts their menstrual cycles. Some researchers attribute IR to genetic factors, although there have been only minute changes in the human genome in the past 20 000 years. However, even with a stable gene pool, genes can be turned on and offby the environment, food and air quality and toxin exposure.  相似文献   

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