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1.
RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)技术能特异性降解mRNA,沉默靶基因,在转录后水平抑制基因的表达,从而可用来进行基因功能的分析和药物靶标的研究。RNAi技术日趋成熟,已被广泛应用于生命科学的各个领域。在神经科学上,尤其是在神经退行性疾病,如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、脊髓小脑性共济失调、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、朊病毒病等的研究中取得了显著进展,RNAi的应用为神经退行性疾病发病机制的揭示和治疗另辟了蹊径。  相似文献   

2.
诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)源性心肌细胞为疾病特异性和个体特异性心血管疾病的发病机制研究提供了新的方法和思路.本文简介了iPSC的生成和iPSC源性心肌的分化技术,以及病人特异性iPSC源性心肌细胞模型在长QT综合征(long-QT syndrome,LQTS)发病机制研究中的进展.  相似文献   

3.
神经退行性疾病是神经元或髓鞘减少所致的神经系统性疾病,随着年龄的增加,患者表现为选择性神经元功能障碍.神经退行性疾病主要包括阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)、帕金森病(Parkinson's disease, PD)、亨廷顿病(Huntington's disease,HD)、肌萎缩性侧索硬化(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS)、脊髓小脑共济失调(spinocerebellar ataxia, SCA)、Pick、多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis, MS)、小脑萎缩症、脊髓性肌萎缩症等.目前,研究最多的有AD、PD、HD和ALS,神经退行性疾病已成为全球迫切解决的问题,加强对神经退行性疾病机制探讨和发现治疗手段对医学和社会具有重大意义.中医药对神经退行性疾病治疗具有巨大潜力.本文就中医药对常见神经退行性疾病病因病机和治疗做出简要阐述,为神经退行性疾病中医诊断与治疗奠定基础.  相似文献   

4.
神经退行性疾病包括帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化等,目前临床治疗仍以对症支持为主。干细胞治疗被认为是治疗神经退行性疾病的有效方法。现从干细胞的分类与生物学特性、干细胞治疗神经退行性疾病的应用、干细胞治疗神经退行性疾病的机制三方面出发,对干细胞治疗神经退行性疾病的研究进展进行综述。  相似文献   

5.
脊髓性肌萎缩症、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症等运动神经元损伤性疾病,目前尚无有效的治疗手段。随着多能诱导干细胞的出现和细胞重编程技术的发展,将患者来源的成熟体细胞体外分化得到运动神经元进行自体移植成为一种充满希望的治疗途径。此外,分化得到的运动神经元还可作为细胞模型,用于疾病的机制研究和药物筛选。目前由成纤维细胞体外分化得到运动神经元的实验研究较多,就经多能诱导干细胞或神经干细胞中间状态及直接转化这三类方法进行综述。  相似文献   

6.
神经退行性疾病是一类与神经炎症、氧化应激、衰老等多种因素有关的疾病,可导致认知及运动功能障碍。近年多项研究提示神经退行性疾病的发生发展与适应性免疫反应有关,CD4+T细胞作为适应性免疫细胞参与其中。CD4+T细胞可根据不同的途径分化成不同的功能亚群,包括辅助性T细胞亚群及调节性T细胞亚群等,不同亚群可对阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、多发性硬化症和肌萎缩性侧索硬化症等神经退行性疾病进展产生不同的调节作用。本文主要综述CD4+T细胞在神经退行性疾病发病过程中的作用及研究进展。  相似文献   

7.
线粒体是广泛存在于神经元细胞中的细胞器,它既能通过氧化磷酸化作用为各种生命活动提供能量,也参与了如钙稳态和细胞凋亡等多种病理生理性活动的调节。大量研究证明线粒体功能障碍在帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病的早期发生过程中发挥重要作用。探索线粒体在该类疾病发生过程中的变化,对认识神经退行性疾病的发病机制,开发新型神经保护药物具有重要意义。事实上,一些线粒体靶向性药物已用于神经退行性疾病的临床治疗或正处于不同研究阶段。本文通过对有关线粒体在神经退行性疾病中相关证据的讨论,综述线粒体靶向性神经保护剂的研究进展,论证其作为神经退行性疾病治疗药物的可行性。  相似文献   

8.
徐文锐  陈贵海 《医学综述》2009,15(22):3454-3458
噬菌体展示是一种能够在丝状噬菌体表面展示大量多肽和蛋白质文库的分子多样性技术,从噬菌体展示的文库中几乎可以筛选出针对所有靶标存在高度亲和性和特异性的多肽、蛋白质及抗体,这些筛选的多肽及抗体已经被广泛应用于临床疾病的诊断和治疗。本文概要综述在神经变性疾病及神经免疫性等相关疾病中,噬菌体展示技术在探究疾病的病因、发病机制及疾病的诊断、治疗方面的研究现状及技术进展。  相似文献   

9.
彭六生  李成仁 《西部医学》2009,21(10):1806-1808
神经退行性疾病是人类神经系统的严重疾病之一,目前尚无有效的方法对神经退行性疾病进行治疗。近年来,RNA干扰作为一种崭新的技术,已被广泛应用于生命科学的各个领域。在神经科学上,尤其在神经退行性疾病中利用RNA干扰技术特异性沉默突变基因的研究逐渐成为热点并取得了显著进展,为神经退行性疾病发病机制的揭示和治疗提供了新的途径。现将RNA干扰的作用机制及其在这一领域中的应用做一综述。  相似文献   

10.
神经退行性疾病因发病机制复杂,至今尚无成熟的方法或有效的药物对其进行治疗。血竭作为名贵的传统中药表现出较好的神经保护作用,通过查阅近年来血竭的药理作用相关实验进行分析,主要从活血化瘀、抗炎、抗氧化、抑制细胞凋亡、促进神经细胞再生及辅助治疗并发症等方面对其在神经退行性疾病方面的治疗潜力进行论述。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
Objective To measure Derpl and Blot5 allergen levels in asthmatics' homes in Hongkong.Methods Seventy houses were enrolled for a mite indoor environment study. Dust samples were obtained from two sites of each patients' house: bed and floor. Derpl and Blot5 levels were quantified by a two-site monoclonal antibody-based ELISA technique.Results The levels of Derpl allergens found in bed (geometric mean (GM) 3.43 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 1.89-4.96 μg/g)and on the floor (GM 1.12 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.71-1.53 μg/g) indicated significant differences (P=0.005). However, the levels of Blot5 allergens found in bed (GM 19.00 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.89-38.90 μg/g) and on the floor (GM 6.14 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.40-11.90 μg/g) showed no statistically significant difference. In addition, in regards to the exposure index for Derpl and Blot5 allergens found in bed and on the floor, 17.6% in bed and 8.6% on the floor had levels of Blot5 ≥ 10 μg/g of dust, higher than those obtained for Derp1 (7.2% and 0% in bed and on the floor respectively, P< 0.05); higher percentages in bed and on the floor (25.0% and 35.7%) were observed for levels of Blot5 =0 μg/g of dust as compared with Derpl in bed and on the floor (4.3% and 14.5% respectively, P< 0.05).Conclusions Derpl and Blot5 are the major allergens found in this regional study, Blot5 is a more potent allergen in Hongkong, probably reflecting the high level of exposure to Blomia tropicalis (Bt). Bt and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) allergens should be included for precise diagnosis and effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of mite allergy in Hongkong.  相似文献   

20.
ANTI-PROLIFERATION EFFECT OF ORIDONIN ON HL-60 CELLS AND ITS MECHANISM   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Objcetive To investigate the anti-proliferation effect of oridonin on leukemic HL-60 cells and its mechanism. Methods HL-60 cells in vitro in culture medium were given different concentrations of oridonin. The inhibitory rate of cells were measured by microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), morphology of cell apoptosis was observed by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, and the activity of telomerase was detected using telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) PCR-ELISA before and after apoptosis occurred. Results Oridonin could decrease telomerase activity, inhibit growth of HL-60 cells, and cause apoptosis significantly. The suppression was both in time- and dose-dependent manner. Marked morphological changes of cell apoptosis including condensation of chromatin and nuclear fragmentation were observed clearly by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining especially after cells were treated 48-60 hours by oridonin. Conclusions Oridonin has apparent anti-proliferation and apoptotic effects on HL-60 cells in vitro, decreasing telomerase activity of HL-60 cells may be one of its most important mechanisms. These results will provide strong laboratory evidence of oridonin for clinical treatment of acute leukemia.  相似文献   

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