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1.
Objectives To reveal etiologies of persistent isolated hematuria (PIH) through ultrastructural pathological examination, to disclose clinicopathological correlation in cases with PIH, and to summarize appropriate management of patients with PIH. Methods we retrospectively studied 155 P1H patients receiving renal biopsy between January, 2003 and December, 2008 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All the clinical data and follow-up result were analyzed. Results All subjects included 38 children and 117 adults, with mean age of 11.38±3.25 years for children and 35.17±8.44 years for adults. Thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) was the most common pathology (55.3% of children and 49.6% of adults), followed by IgA nephropathy (18.4% of children and 32.5% of adults, mainly grade 2-3) and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) without IgA deposition (13.2% of children and 12.8% of adults). Besides, A1port syndrome (2.6% of children) and membrane nephropathy (2.6% of children and 0.9% of adults) were demonstrated as other causes of PIH. Elevated mean arteral pressure or protein excretion rate, as well as episodic macrohematuria, indicated higher risk for MsPGN rather than TBMN. On the other hand, severity of microhematuria was irrelevant to pathological types of PIH. Totally, 86 patients were followed up and 37 cases therein stayed on track for long term (mean duration 41.11±28.92 months, range 8-113 months). Most cases had benign clinical course except 3 cases with TBMN, 5 cases with IgA nephropathy, 1 case with MsPGN (without IgA deposition), and 1 case with Alport syndrome, who developed hypertension or proteinuria. All of them were administered timely intervention. Conclusions Close follow-up should be required as the primary management for PIH. Equally important is careful monitoring for early identification of undesirable predictors; while renal biopsy and other timely intervention are warranted if there is hypertension, significant proteinuria or  相似文献   

2.
Background IgA nephropathy is the major cause of end-stage renal failure in patients with primary glomerular diseases. Tumor suppressor cylindromatosis (CYLD), the recently identified member of the deubiquitinating enzymes, has been actively involved in regulation of inflammation. This study was undertaken to investigate the CYLD expression profile in IgA nephropathy and identify factors associated with CYLD expression. Methods Forty-one cases of IgA nephropathy were selected. CYLD expression in the kidney biopsy tissue was measured by immunohistochemical staining. Relevant clinical and pathological data were analyzed, and Logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with CYLD expression. Results CYLD was specifically expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells in 70% of the studied patients with IgA nephropathy. All patients with positive CYLD staining had proteinuria, while only 72.7% of patients with negative CYLD had proteinuria (P=0.003). Among studied proteinuric patients, those with positive CYLD had significantly less tubulo-interstitial lesions and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels when compared with those patients showed negative CYLD results. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the urinary protein excretion and eGFR were identified as predictors for the CYLD expression. Conclusion CYLD is expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells and appears to be associated negatively with tubulointerstitial lesions, however, its exact functional role remains to be clarified in further experiments.  相似文献   

3.
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between HBV DNA and the clinical manifestations, pathological types, injury severity, and prognosis with HBV-GN. Methods102 patients with HBV-GN were divided into 3 groups, according to the serum titer of the HBV DNA. 24-h urine protein excretion, and other parameters were measured.Renal biopsy were performed. The association between HBV DNA and the pathological stage of membranous nephropathy was analyzed in 78 patients with HBV-MN. 24-h urine protein excretion was used for the evaluation of the prognosis, and the relationship between HBV DNA and prognosis were analyzed. ResultsSeveral findings were demonstrated with the increase of serum HBV DNA: 24-hurine protein excretion, plasma cholesterol, and triglycerides increased significantly (P<0.05), while the plasma level of albumindecreased significantly (P<0.05); The changes of serum creatinine, C3 and C4 were found but no statistical significance. Glomerular deposition of HBVAg increased, and the pathological injury was more severe. The clinical remission rate was lower in the high replication group after treatment as compared with the low replication group (P<0.01). ConclusionWith the increase of serum HBV DNA, the urine protein excretion and the kidney injury were more severe, and the clinical remission rate was decreased.  相似文献   

4.
Objective To study the practical value of 3-dimensional computed tomography on diagnosis of bladder tumor, Methods Fifteen patients with bladder masses were examined by thin-layer computed tomography. The results of 3-dimensional reconstructed images were compared with the final diagnosis and the pathological stages. Results According to 3-dimensional reconstructed images, among the 15 cases, 12 cases of bladder cancer were diagnosed, and the pathological types were transitional carcinoma. Two cases were diagnosed as benign tumor (leiomyoma), and the other one was colon cancer, which invaded bladder. The accuracy was 100% . The clinical stages were determined. Of the 12 bladder carcinomas,5 was in stage T1, 3 in T2,, 3 in T3 and 1 in T4.The accuracy of staging was up to 83% (10/12) compared with pathological stages. Conclusion The 3-dimensional reconstructed technology may improve the accuracy of staging of bladder carcinoma, and to provide important evidence for surgery options. 3 refs,2 figs.  相似文献   

5.
Summary: In order to characterize their relationship through clinicopathological comparison between IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schoenlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), 31 children with IgA nephrop- athy aged between 3 to 15 years and 120 children with HSPN aged between 4 to 15 years were compared with each other in clinical manifestation, blood biochemistry, serum immunology and followup study. Renal pathological findings under light microscope, immunofluorescence and electronic microscope were analyzed and also compared between 31 children with IgA nephropathy and 32 biopsied children with HSPN. The results showed that the onset age was over 12 years in 25.8 % children with IgA nephropathy, but only 10 % in HSPN (P〈0.05). The clinical patterns of IgA nephropathy and HSPN were similar, but extra-renal manifestations were more often in HSPN, all of them had skin purpura, 59 % had gastrointestinal symptoms and 47 % suffered from arthralgia, compared with only abdominal pain in 3.2 % children with IgA nephropathy. The renal pathological investigation showed global sclerosis in 35.5 % of IgA nephropathy and 3.1% of HSPN, mesangial sclerosis in 41.9 % of IgA nephropathy and 6.3 % of HSPN, but endothelial proliferation in 65.6 % of HSPN and 29 % of IgA nephropathy (all P〈0.01). Thin basement membrane nephropathy was only found in 6. 5 % children with IgA nephropathy, no in HSPN. The electronic dense deposits in HSPN were sparse, lodse and wildly spread in glomerular mesangium, subendothelial area and even intra basement membrane, but it was dense, lumpy and mostly limited in mesangium and paramesangium in IgA nephropathy. Predominant IgA deposits were found in 81.2% of HSPN, and overwhelming IgG deposits in 12.5 % of HSPN with relatively weak IgA deposits, moreover 6.3 % of HSPN showed linear IgG deposits in glomerular capillary. Totally 71. 9 G of HSPN had IgG deposits in glomeruli and only 19.4% of IgA nephropathy showed glomerular IgG deposits (P〈0. 01). No IgG deposit was observed in 81. 6 % of IgA nephropathy, among them most showed IgA and IgM and/or C3 deposits, moreover overwhelming IgG deposits and linear IgG deposits couldn't be found in IgA nephropathy. Mean 20 months follow-up showed complete remission in 72.5% of HSPN, but only 19.4% in IgA nephropathy after 34 months follow-up. Moreover, 64.5 % of IgA nephropathy had consistent hematuria and proteinuria and 16. 1% had active nephritides (P〈0.05). It was concluded that significant clinico-pathological difference was found between HSPN and IgA nephropathy, which didn't support the one disease entity hypothesis. HSPN and IgA nephropathy are probably two diseases with similar immune abnormalities.  相似文献   

6.
Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) so as to improve their understanding and diagnosis. Methods The data of 62 rectal NETs patients were retrospectively analyzed to summarize their clinical characteristics. They were categorized into 3 types based on the level of histological differentiation. And the relationship of tumor size, histological type and metastases was examined. Results The clinical presentations of rectal NETs were atypical. The main clinical presentation was change in bowel habit (n = 43, 69.4%); Ten cases (16.1%) were asymptomatic. Nine cases were found during routine digital rectal examination. In 57 cases (91.9% ), the distance was within 8cm from anorectal line. All patients had single lesion without the presence of carcinoid syndrome. 25.8% ( 16/62 ) had colonic polyps while 16. 1% ( 10/62 ) synchronous colorectal adenocarcinomas. Except for synchronous colorectal adenocarcinomas (n = 10) , among 52 cases, there were 39 cases with tumor diameter < 1 cm, the main type was type Ⅰ; 7 cases with tumor diameter >2 cm, the main types were types Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The metastatic rates in three groups with tumor diameter < 1 cm, 1-2 cm and >2 cm were 0, 33.3% and 71.4% respectively. Conclusion The clinical presentations of rectal NETs are non-specific. Most cases are often single lesion without the presence of carcinoid syndrome. The clinical process and prognosis of rectal NETs are closely related to tumor size, histological type, the presence of lymph node metastases and liver metastases. The routine digital rectal examination is the simplest and most effectively way of diagnosing rectal NETs. Colonoscopy is important in diagnosing the synchronous cancers and conducting a follow-up.  相似文献   

7.
The authors studied the effect of tonsillectomy for IgA nephropathy and the relationship between chronic tonsillitis and IgA nephropathy. Forty-five patients with IgA nephropathy were treated by tonsillectomy in our department. The effective rate of hematuria type IgA nephropathy was 86.2% and that of non-hematuria type 62.5%. We also determined the immunoglobulin composition of the tonsilla tissue in 18 IgA nephropathy patients and compared it with that of 18 chronic tonsillitis patients. The immunoglobin level of the IgA nephropathy group was higher than that of the contrast group, indicating that the disorder of tonsilla immunity may be one of the pathogenic factors for IgA nephropathy. Since no specific method has been available for the treatment of IgA nephropathy, we use tonsillectomy as an effective procedure.
  相似文献   

8.
王化冰  王连鹏 《中华医学杂志》2009,90(26):1686-1689
Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) so as to improve their understanding and diagnosis. Methods The data of 62 rectal NETs patients were retrospectively analyzed to summarize their clinical characteristics. They were categorized into 3 types based on the level of histological differentiation. And the relationship of tumor size, histological type and metastases was examined. Results The clinical presentations of rectal NETs were atypical. The main clinical presentation was change in bowel habit (n = 43, 69.4%); Ten cases (16.1%) were asymptomatic. Nine cases were found during routine digital rectal examination. In 57 cases (91.9% ), the distance was within 8cm from anorectal line. All patients had single lesion without the presence of carcinoid syndrome. 25.8% ( 16/62 ) had colonic polyps while 16. 1% ( 10/62 ) synchronous colorectal adenocarcinomas. Except for synchronous colorectal adenocarcinomas (n = 10) , among 52 cases, there were 39 cases with tumor diameter < 1 cm, the main type was type Ⅰ; 7 cases with tumor diameter >2 cm, the main types were types Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The metastatic rates in three groups with tumor diameter < 1 cm, 1-2 cm and >2 cm were 0, 33.3% and 71.4% respectively. Conclusion The clinical presentations of rectal NETs are non-specific. Most cases are often single lesion without the presence of carcinoid syndrome. The clinical process and prognosis of rectal NETs are closely related to tumor size, histological type, the presence of lymph node metastases and liver metastases. The routine digital rectal examination is the simplest and most effectively way of diagnosing rectal NETs. Colonoscopy is important in diagnosing the synchronous cancers and conducting a follow-up.  相似文献   

9.
Objective. To investigate the pathological significance of tubuloreticular structure(TRS) and cyhndricol confronting cisternae(CCC) in patients with lupus nephritis. Methods. An electron microscopical study of 24 renal biopsy specimens from patients with lupus nephritis was carried out, with particular emphasis on two endoplasmie reticulum(ER)-related structures. Result. TRS was found in 18 cases, and CCC in 10 of them. TRS often oppeared in the capillary endothelium, and did not correlate well with the activity index of lupus nephritis, CCC appeared frequently in monoeyte/macrophage and lymphocyte, and correlated well with hoth the activity index nod the amount of interstitial immune deposits. Conclusion. TRS and CCC derived from inward “budding“ of ER membrane were suggested and the morphogenesis and morphologic variations of CCC were discussed. Both TRS and CCC are pathognomonic,though not specific changes. They may be helpful in pathologic diagnosis of lupus nephritis, when properly combined with certain clinical and pathological features.  相似文献   

10.
Pathological study on severe acute respiratory syndrome   总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12  
Objective To study the pathological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)and its relationship to clinical manifestation.Methods Tissue specimens from 3 autopsies of probable SARS cases were studied by microscope,and the clinical data was reviewed.Results The typical pathological changes of lungs were diffuse hemorrhaging on the surface. A combination of serous, fibrinous and hemorrhagic inflammation was seen in most of the pulmonary alveoli with the engorgement of capillaries and detection of micro-thrombosis in some of these capillaries. Pulmonary alveoli thickened with interstitial mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates, suffered diffuse alveolar damage, experienced desquamation of pneumocytes and had hyaline-membrane formation, fibrinoid materials, and erythrocytes in alveolar spaces. There were thromboembolisms in some bronchial arteries. Furthermore, hemorrhagic necrosis was also evident in lymph nodes and spleen with the attenuation of lymphocytes. Other atypical pathological changes, such as hydropic degeneration, fatty degeneration, interstitial cell proliferation and lesions having existed before hospitalization were observed in the liver, heart, kidney and pancreas.Conclusion Severe damage to the pulmonary and immunological systems is responsible for the clinical features of SARS and may lead to the death of patients.  相似文献   

11.
目的探讨IgA肾病合并高尿酸血症患者的临床和病理特点,并分析其相关因素。方法对2009-2010年卫生部中日友好医院经肾活检确诊为IgA肾病的311例患者的临床和病理资料进行回顾分析。依据血尿酸水平,将IgA肾病患者分为血尿酸正常组与高尿酸血症组,对比分析2组患者临床和病理特点。结果 IgA肾病患者中高尿酸血症的患病率为47.9%;与血尿酸正常组比较,高尿酸血症患者在性别、24h尿蛋白定量[血尿酸正常组(2.2±2.1)g/d,高尿酸血症组(2.7±2.5)g/d,P0.05]、肾功能水平[血尿酸正常组血清肌酐(83.3±40.1)μmol/L,高尿酸血症组(142.2±114.5)μmol/L,P0.01]以及高血压、肥胖、肾脏病理损伤程度等方面的差异均有统计学意义。结论 IgA肾病患者高尿酸血症的患病率高,与尿酸正常患者比较,临床表现和肾脏病理损伤多较重,提示高尿酸血症可能与患者预后相关。  相似文献   

12.
目的:探究伴高尿酸血症的 IgA 肾病临床与病理特征,分析其相关因素。方法将190例原发性IgA 肾病患者分为血尿酸正常组及高尿酸血症组,对比分析2组临床和病理特征。结果 IgA 肾病患者高尿酸血症的患病率为33.16%。高尿酸血症组与血尿酸正常组在性别、BMI、血压、血脂、血清胱抑素 C(Cys-C)、肌酐(Scr)、尿蛋白量、Lee 分级、肾小球球性硬化、肾小管间质损害、肾小动脉病变程度方面差异存在统计学意义。结论 IgA 肾病患者较易发生高尿酸血症,与血尿酸正常者相比,临床表现和肾脏病理损伤更为严重,提示高尿酸血症与 IgA 肾病预后相关。  相似文献   

13.
2型糖尿病患者合并IgA肾病的临床病理分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的:了解2型糖尿病(DM)合并IgA肾病的临床病理特点。方法:总结分析13例DM合并IgA肾病的临床资料、病理改变及治疗反应。结果:DM可以合并IgA肾病,在我院糖尿病合并非糖尿病性肾损害(NDRD)中占46.3%。这些患者具有不同于糖尿病肾病的特点:①糖尿病病程一般短于5年;②都有不同程度的血尿;③高血压普遍存在;④组织学病变符合IgA肾病的病理改变,但血管病变较单纯IgA肾病患者严重。⑤表现肾病综合征但病理改变轻微的患者经糖皮质激素治疗后可完全缓解。结论:DM合并肾脏损害不等于全部都是糖尿病肾病,DM合并NDRD病例中IgA肾病常见,肾脏损害以IgA肾病为主,肾血管病变严重。临床表现肾病综合征的患者在充分考虑患者的临床特点、病理改变、严格控制血糖及血压的情况下,糖皮质激素或糖皮质激素联合细胞毒药物治疗是安全有效的,可以改善患者预后。  相似文献   

14.
目的 探讨云南地区IgA肾病的病理类型及临床特点.方法 对2008年1月至2011年9月间在昆明医学院附属延安医院肾脏内科进行肾穿刺活检术,并且病理检查确诊为IgA肾病的50例患者的病理分级与临床特点进行分析,探讨其变化规律.结果 IgA肾病占肾活检的百分率为17.4%,50例IgA肾病的临床表现以镜下血尿为主(76%),少于1 g的蛋白尿次之,临床诊断以慢性肾小球肾炎(包括无症状血尿和/或无症状蛋白尿)为主(78%),病理分级以Lee氏II级为多(44%),III级次之(36%),IV、V级也有一定比例.结论 对于临床上有肾脏损害指标的患者(血尿、蛋白尿和肾功异常者)应及时进行肾脏穿刺活检了解病理类型,积极给予干预治疗,减少终末期肾病(ESRD)的发生.  相似文献   

15.
目的:总结表现为微量白蛋白尿的IgA肾病( IgAN)患者的临床及病理的特点,探讨微量白蛋白尿对于IgAN的病理改变及预后的影响。方法对90例微量白蛋白尿IgAN患者的临床和病理资料进行回顾性分析,探讨其相关性。结果90例临床表现为微量白蛋白尿的IgAN患者中,14例(15.6%)存在肾功能异常,18.4%的肾功能正常的患者中存在LeeⅢ级以上的病理损害,多因素logistic回归分析显示微量白蛋白尿是IgAN病理损伤的独立危险因素。结论微量白蛋白尿是IgAN病理损伤的独立危险因素,临床表现为微量白蛋白尿的IgAN患者的病理损伤亦可能较重,微量白蛋白尿可影响IgAN患者的预后。  相似文献   

16.
目的分析以单纯蛋白尿为主要表现的IgA肾病的临床与病理特点,并进行相关性分析。方法回顾性分析79例以单纯蛋白尿为主要表现的IgA肾病患者的临床和病理资料,采用Spearman相关分析方法进行病理损伤和免疫球蛋白沉积类型与病理分级的相关分析。结果按Lee氏分级,II级28例(35.44%),III级37例(46.84%),IV级14例(17.72%),Katafuchi积分与血尿酸、血肌酐、平均动脉压呈正相关,与尿蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯无相关性。免疫病理分型:IgA型8例(10.13%),IgA+C3型8例(10.13%),IgA+IgM型14例(17.72%),IgA+IgM+C3型46例(58.23%),IgA+IgG+IgM+C3型3例(3.8%),以IgA+IgM+C3型多见。结论单纯蛋白尿IgA肾病患者病理损伤均较重,以III~IV级为主,免疫球蛋白沉积类型以IgA+IgM+C3多见。  相似文献   

17.
目的探讨Ig A肾病伴贫血患者的临床病理特点。方法收集202例经肾活检明确诊断原发性Ig A肾病患者的临床病理资料。根据是否贫血分为两组,其中A组(贫血组)33例,B组(非贫血组)169例,比较两组临床和病理方面的差异。结果与B组比较,A组的Scr、BUN、24h-Upro明显增高,RBC、Hb、Alb下降,肾小球硬化、新月体形成及血管壁增厚的数目增多,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肾组织病理学参照Lee氏分级比较,贫血组病理Lee氏分级较重(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果提示,Hb与小球硬化/肾小球总数、新月体/肾小球总数呈负相关,Scr、24h-Upro与小球硬化/肾小球总数、新月体/肾小球总数呈正相关。多因素Logistic回归分析表明女性、Scr、24h-Upro、新月体病变是是Ig AN合并贫血患者的独立危险因素。结论 Ig AN伴有贫血患者的临床病理改变重于Ig A肾病不伴有贫血的患者,即贫血可加重Ig A肾病患者的临床病理损伤。  相似文献   

18.
目的探讨尿足细胞阳性原发性IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床病理特点。方法50例肾活检明确诊断的IgAN患者和10例健康志愿者,利用足细胞的标记蛋白Podocalyxin(PCX)标记尿液和肾组织足细胞,采集IgAN患者肾活检时临床资料、肾活检光镜结果,其中光镜参照Hass分级,各项病理指标参照Fofi半定量积分法进行评分,荧光显微镜观察肾组织足细胞PCX荧光表达程度,电镜观察足细胞足突形态学改变。结果①尿足细胞阳性的IgAN患者尿蛋白水平、血肌酐水平、平均动脉压较尿足细胞阴性患者增高,血浆白蛋白、肾小球滤过率(GFR)较尿足细胞阴性患者降低(P<0.05);②光镜示尿足细胞阳性的IgAN患者肾小球硬化程度、新月体发生率较尿足细胞阴性患者增高(P<0.05),而两组比较,系膜增生、基质增多、肾小管萎缩、间质纤维化、间质炎细胞浸润、间质血管硬化程度的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);③肾组织足细胞PCX抗体荧光表达显示:肾小球节段硬化和球性硬化处足细胞PCX抗体荧光表达缺失;④电镜观察提示,无论是否伴足细胞尿,其足细胞足突均可出现一系列形态学改变。结论足细胞尿是反映肾脏疾病轻重的一个指标,与肾脏病理类型有一定关系。  相似文献   

19.
目的 探讨IgA肾病伴贫血患者的临床和病理特征。方法 回顾性分析2015年11月30日至2019年11月30日在湖州市第一人民医院肾内科住院行肾穿刺活检术确诊为原发性IgA肾病患者105例,分为贫血组和非贫血,比较两组患者的临床和病理差异。结果 与非贫血组相比,贫血组收缩压、舒张压、血清肌酐、血清尿酸、血清尿素氮、24h尿蛋白定量、血清甘油三酸酯和胆固醇水平均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。贫血组肾小球病变和肾小管间质萎缩更为严重,其病理评分差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。 血清肌酐、血清尿酸与24h尿蛋白呈显著正相关(P <0.01),而血红蛋白与肾脏病理指标呈显著负相关(P <0.01)。结论:与非贫血组比较,贫血组的IgA肾病患者临床和病理损害更加严重。  相似文献   

20.
吴小群  廖学渊 《医学综述》2013,19(5):945-946
目的分析不同性别原发性IgA肾病(IgAN)患者的临床、病理特点,了解性别与该病临床、病理特点的关系。方法选择2009年1月至2011年12月梅州市人民医院经肾穿刺活检确诊的原发性IgAN患者158例的临床表现、检测指标及病理分级数据进行统计分析。结果临床特点中,仅水肿在性别上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);临床指标中,收缩压、舒张压、血尿酸、三酰甘油、白蛋白及补体C3在性别上分析差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);病理分级中,男性组与女性组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论性别对IgAN的临床表现及病理分级影响不大,但是临床指标水平在性别上有统计学意义,应加强男性相关指标监测,控制病情。  相似文献   

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