Effect of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on biomechanical features of knee in level walking: a meta-analysis

Background The anterior cruciate ligament （ACL） is one of the most commonly injured knee ligaments. Even following ACL reconstruction, significant articular cartilage degeneration can be observed and most patients suffer from premature osteoarthritis. Articular cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritis development after ACL injury are regarded as progressive process that are affected by cyclic loading during frequently performed low-intensity daily activities. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta analysis on studies assessing the effects of ACL reconstruction on kinematics, kinetics and proprioception of knee during level walking.Methods This meta analysis was conducted according to the methodological guidelines outlined by the Cochrane Collaboration. An electronic search of the literature was performed and all trials published between January 1966 and July 2010 comparing gait and proprioception of a reconstructed-ACL group with an intact-ACL group were pooled for this review. Thirteen studies were included in the final meta analysis.Results There was no significant difference in step length, walking speed, maximum knee flexion angle during loading response, joint position sense and threshold to detect passive motion between the reconstructed-ACL group and the intact-ACL group （P 〉0.05）. However, there was a significant difference in peak knee flexion angle, maximum angular knee flexion excursion during stance, peak knee flexion moment during walking and maximum external tibial rotation angle throughout the gait cycle between the reconstructed-ACL group and the intact-ACL group （P 〈0.05）.Conclusions Step length, walking speed, maximum knee flexion angle during loading response, joint position sense and threshold to detect passive motion usually observed with ACL deficiency were restored after the ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation, but no significant improvements were observed for peak knee flexion angle, maximum angular knee flexion excursion during stance, peak knee flexion moment during walking and maximum external tibial rotation angle throughout the gait cycle.     

Relationship between tunnel widening and different rehabilitation procedures after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with quadrupled hamstring tendons

Background It has been demonstrated that bone tunnel widening could appear after knee anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, especially for those patients whose ruptured ACL were reconstructed with semitendinosus and gracilis tendons. Many factors can influence the extent of tunnel widening. Few studies have investigated the relationship between bone tunnel widening and rehabilitation procedures. This research was carried out to find the rehabilitation procedures’ influence on the tibial bone tunnel widening after ACL reconstruction. Methods Sixty-five cases, whose ACL reconstructions were done using quadrupled semitendinosus and gracilis tendons, were divided into two groups. Group A had 33 cases, 19 men, 14 women, averaged (31.2±12.4) years old, only ACL reconstruction was done using Paessler’s technique, and aggressive rehabilitation procedure was used for function recovery post operation. Group B had 32 cases, 20 men, 12 women, averaged (30.3±10.3) years old. Except for ACL reconstruction, every patient in group B accepted meniscus repair using re-fixation methods or cartilage repair using microfracture technique, conservative rehabilitation procedure was used post operation. Six months post operation, standard posterior-anterior radiographic plates were taken for each case, CorelDRAW 8.0 software was used to digitize all X-ray plates and measure the upper, middle and lower parts of the tibial tunnel. Magnification effect of X-ray plates was taken out after measurement. Results Six months after ACL reconstruction the tibial tunnel widening of the upper, middle and lower parts on both the posterior-anterior and lateral X-ray plates in Group A with aggressive rehabilitation procedure was much more serious than in Group B with conservative rehabilitation. KT-1000 knee stability measurement and clinical manifestation showed no difference between the two groups. Conclusions Rehabilitation procedure after ACL reconstruction is one of the reasons for tunnel widening. It not only can directly influence the function recovery of ACL reconstructed knee, but also perhaps indirectly influence the function recovery and long-term clinical result of the operated knee by influencing the tunnel widening.     

Cruciate ligament reconstruction using LARS artificial ligament under arthroscopy: 81 cases report

Background There are many different materials used for ligament reconstruction. Currently, autograft, allograft, and artificial ligaments are used in the reconstruction. The objective of this study was to explore the clinical result of cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy. Methods Eighty-one cases were reconstructed with the LARS ligament under arthroscopy, including 43 cases of anterior cruciate ligament （ACL） injury, 20 cases of posterior cruciate ligament （PCL） injury, and 18 cases of ACL combined with PCL injuries of the knee. The follow up period was 10 to 49 months. The International Knee Documentation Committee （IKDC） and Lysholm knee score scales were used for functional evaluation. We examined the anterior and posterior stability of the knee with KT-1000. Results According to the Lysholm knee function score scale, the average preoperative score of （44.6±1.4） increased to a postoperative score of （82.8±2.5） in the ACL group and from （46.6±2.3） to （80.8±2.0） in the PCL group. In the ACL combined with PCL injury group, the preoperative score increased from （45.2±1.2） to （85.5±2.3）. According to IKDC score standards, in ACL group we evaluated 19 cases as C and 24 cases as D, preoperatively, and postoperatively 27 cases as A, 14 cases as B and two cases as C. In the preoperative PCL group, we had 11 cases defined as C and nine cases as D that resolved to 12 cases as A, seven as B and one case of C in postoperative evaluation. In the ACL combined with PCL injury group we defined four cases as C and 14 as D during preoperative scoring. These patients had postoperative grades of six cases as A, 10 as B, and two cases as C. All of the results have statistical significance. Conclusions ACL, PCL, or combined ACL and PCL reconstruction using the LARS ligament under arthroscopy is a minimally invasive, safe and effective method to treat cruciate ligament injuries of the knee. Clinical results are satisfactory in the short term.     

Medial plica after reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament

Background The medial plica may be caused by direct trauma or joint degeneration, which also could be iatrogenic. There have been few reports in the literature discussing incidence of the medial plica caused by an operation on the knee joint, specifically after the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament （ACL）. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and analyze the relationship between the incidence of the medial plica and reconstruction of the ACL. Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted to review the findings of 1085 patients between 2003 and 2007, who underwent second-look arthroscopy after reconstruction of the ACL （between 2002 and 2006）. The correlation of the incidence of medial plica with the stability of the knee joint, the time from onset of injury to reconstruction surgery, the associated injuries, and the rate of progress during postoperative rehabilitation were analyzed. Results We found that 722 patients had the structure of a medial plica. The incidence after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament （66.5%） was significantly higher than usually reported. All these medial plica had avascular fibrotic and thickened edges. An excision of pathologic medial plica and fat pad synovial fringes were done. The incidences were significantly different between the two groups with their reconstruction operation time, from onset of injury to surgery （less than one month or over 2 years）, and the progress rate of postoperative rehabilitation （knee flexion could not be over 90~ in four weeks）. The incidence was not different between the groups with knee stable conditions.
Conclusions Medial plica is more common in patients after reconstruction of ACL. More associated injuries and more rehabilitation difficulties can increase the medial plica incidence.     

Combination of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with vastus medialis advancement for chronic patellar dislocation

Background The medial patellofemoral ligament （MPFL） reconstruction is popular in clinical practice for chronic patellar dislocation; however, the combination with vastus medialis advancement is rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of the combination of MPFL reconstruction with vastus medialis advancement.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 69 patients with chronic patellar dislocation between July 2004 and October 2008： twenty eight cases with isolated MPFL reconstruction （group Ⅰ）, forty one cases with the combination of MPFL reconstruction with vastus medialis advancement （group C）. All patients had CT scans available for review with knee flexion at 30 degree, on which the congruence angle, patellar tilt angle and patellar lateral shift were measured. Physical apprehension tests were examined and the redislocation was recorded. In addition, knee function was evaluated using the Kujala score and subjective questionnaires.Results Patients were followed up for a mean of 42 months （12-65 months） without a recurrent dislocation reported.Postoperatively, all indexes on CT scan were within the normal range without a statistical difference between the two groups. Results from the apprehension test showed eight patients in group Ⅰ and three in group Chad patellar lateral shift exceeding 1.5 cm with a hard end point （P 〈0.05）. The Kujala score improved significantly from 51.3±4.5 to 79.9±6.2 in group Ⅰ and from 53.7±5.2 to 83.9±6.5 in group C （P 〉0.05）. However, the subjective questionnaire revealed a significant difference （P 〈0.05）, including 12 excellent, seven good and nine fair in group Ⅰ and 30 excellent, six good and five fair in group C.Conclusion The combination of MPFL reconstruction with vastus medialis advancement is better than isolated reconstruction to improve the subjective effects and decrease the patellar instability rate for chronic patellar dislocation.     

太极拳提高老年人平衡能力的潜在机制

Objective： To compare balance ability between elderly individuals who practiced Tai-Chi-Chuan （TCC） for average 9.64 years and elderly individuals who did not practice TCC and its relationship with lower extremity muscle strength and ankle proprioception. Methods： Twenty-five elderly volunteers were divided into two groups according to their TCC practcing experience. Sixteen were TCC group and the other nine were control population. Subjects completed a static balance test and ankle proprioception test using a custom-designed evaluation system, and concentric and eccentric knee extensor and flexor muscle strength tests. Subjects stood on the plate form to measure the proprioception in functional standing position which was differed from the previous studies. Multiple linear regressions were also used to predict the important factor affecting balance. Results： TCC group performed better than the control group in balance, proprioception, and muscle strength of lower extremity. The proprioception was the most important factor related to balance ability and it can be accounted for explaining 44% of variance in medial-lateral sway direction, and 53% of variance in antero-posterior sway direction. The proprioception may be a more important factor which affecting the balance ability. Conclusion： TCC training is recommended to the elders; as it can improve balance ability through better proprioception.     

Correlation between magnetic resonance T2 image signal intensity ratio and cell apoptosis in a rabbit spinal cord cervical myelopathy model

Background Cervical spondylotic myelopathy （CSM） is a common cause of disability in elderly patients.Previous studies have shown that spinal cord cell apoptosis due to spinal cord compression plays an important role in the pathology of myelopathy.Although changes in magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） T2 signal intensity ratio （SIR） are considered to be an indicator of CSM,little information is published supporting the correlation between changes in MRI signal and pathological changes.This study aims to testify the correlation between MRI T2 SIR changes and cell apoptosis using a CSM animal model.Methods Forty-eight rabbits were randomly assigned to four groups：one control group and three experimental chronic compression groups,with each group containing 12 animals.Chronic compression of the cervical spinal cord was implemented in the experimental groups by implanting a screw in the C3 vertebra.The control group underwent sham surgery.Experimental groups were observed for 3,6,or 9 months after surgery.MRI T2-weighted SIR Tarlov motor scores and cortical somatosensory-evoked potentials （CSEPs） were periodically monitored.At each time point,rabbits from one group were sacrificed to determine the level of apoptosis by histology （n=6） and Western blotting （n=6）.Results Tarlov motor scores in the compression groups were lower at all time points than the control group scores,with the lowest score at 9 months （P ＜0.001）.Electrophysiological testing showed a significantly prolonged latency in CSEP in the compression groups compared with the control group.All rabbits in the compression groups showed higher MRI T2 SIR in the injury epicenter compared with controls,and higher SIR was also found at 9 months compared with 3 or 6 months.Histological analysis showed significant apoptosis in the spinal cord tissue in the compression groups,but not in the control group.There were significant differences in apoptosis degree over time （P ＜0.001）,with the 9-month group displaying the most severe spinal cord apoptosis.Spearman＇s rank correlation test showed that there was close relation between MRI SIR and degree of caspase-3 expression in Western blotting （r=0.824.P ＜0.001）.Conclusions Clear apoptosis of spinal cord tissue was observed during chronic focal spinal compression.Changes in MRI T2 SIR mav be related to the severity of the apoptosis in cervical spinal cord.     

Therapeutic effect of Chinese herbal medicine for strengthening qi, nourishing yin, and removing stasis on serum osteopontin and quality of life of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome

Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of Chinese herbal medicine for strengthening qi, nourishing yin,and removing stasis on serum osteopontin(OPN) and quality of life(QOL) in patients with primary Sjogren’s syndrome(pSS) and to study the correlation between OPN level and the disease.Methods:Sixtyeight pSS patients were randomly assigned to two groups:the treatment group(35 cases) treated by Chinese herbal medicine for strengthening qi,nourishing yin,and removing stasis combined with hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablet(HCQ) and the control group(33 cases) treated by HCQ only.Both were treated for 3 months. Before and after treatment,immunoglobulin G(IgG) level,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and OPN level were measured.The QOL in patients was evaluated using the Short Form-36 Health Survey(SF-36) before and after treatment.Thirty healthy females were taken as the normal control.Results:Before treatment,levels of IgG,ESR,and OPN in patients were higher than those in the normal control.After 3 months of treatment, those in both treatment groups decreased but were lower in the treatment group than those in the control group (P<0.05).The scores of 8 dimensions of SF-36 were lower in the pSS patients than those in the normal control (P<0.05) and higher in the treatment group than in the control group after treatment(P<0.05).Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the levels of OPN and the levels of IgG and ESR,and a negative correlation between OPN levels and the overall score of SF-36(P<0.05).Conclusions:Chinese herbal medicine for strengthening qi,nourishing yin,and removing stasis could alleviate pSS disease and improve the QOL.In addition,the OPN level might be used as an evaluating index for pSS disease.     

Effectiveness of Testosterone Undecanoate Treatment in Men with Asthenospermia

Objective To assess the effectiveness of testosterone undecanoate on sperm motility and pregnancy incidence in men with asthenospermia.Methods A clinical trial was performed.Fifty men with asthenospermia were included to receive placebo(control group,n=9) or T undecanoate 80 mg/d(study group,n=41).Pregnancy incidence and sperm characteristics after 1,2 and 3 months of medication and 3 months after the end of the trial were measured.Results Compared with the placebo,T undecanoate treatment produced a satisfactory improvement of seminal motility(F=55.904,P=0.000).In study group,the incidence of pregnancy was 28.2% while the incidence of pregnancy in control group was 11.1%.In study group,26 patients took T undecanoate for more than 3 months.In the 3 months,semen volume showed no statistical difference(F=1.206,P=0.312) before and after treatment,sperm concentration(F=0.023,P=0.000) and motility a,b,a+b(P=0.000) showed statistical differences.Motility grade a showed significantly higher increment in 2 and 3 months after treatment than 1 month and there was no statistical difference between 2 and 3 months.So did grade b.Conclusion The results indicate that T undecanoate increases seminal motility,leading to a higher incidence of pregnancy in couples with infertility related to asthenoaspermia.     

Relationship between different skin incisions and the injury of the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Background After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, some patients suffered from sensory disturbance around the surgical incision of the leg. This research was aimed to investigate the relationship between the different skin incisions and the injury of the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (IPBSN) post ACL reconstruction. Methods ACL reconstructions were performed with quadruple hamstring tendon for 60 patients. Sensory disturbance around the skin incision was followed up at an average of 14.5±4.7 months post operation. Among the 60 patients, vertical incision for 35 patients and oblique incision for 25 patients were used for graft taking during ACL reconstruction. The lengths of the incisions were measured. The patients were asked to mark the sensory disturbance zone at follow up time, and then the marked area was measured. The IPBSN of 15 cadaver knees were anatomized. The distance between the IPBSN and the upper edge of the pes anserinus tendon at the middle point of the incision was measured. Independent-samples t-test, chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analyses.Results The patients’ age (P=0.329), the follow-up time (P=0.681), and the incision length (P=0.732) between the two groups had no significant difference. Twenty-three patients (65.7%) in the vertical incision group had IPBSN injury compared with 6 patients (24.0%) in oblique incision group (P=0.002). The average sensory disturbance area in vertical incision group ((48.0±75.3) cm(2)) was significantly larger (P=0.004) than that in the oblique group ((8.4±19.4) cm(2)). The anatomy measurement showed the average distance between IPBSN and the upper edge of the pes anserinus tendon was 0.6 cm at the incision. Conclusions Oblique incision with less risk of damage for IPBSN may be better for graft harvesting in ACL reconstruction. As the IPBSN is so near and parallel to the hamstring tendons, damage to the IPBSN is one of the potential complications for graft harvesting, regardless of the incision used. That’s why even in the oblique incision group, 24% patients also had sensory disturbance complication.     

膝关节镜下保留与未保留残端单束重建治疗前交叉韧带损伤的临床对比

目的对比膝关节镜下保留与未保留残端单束重建治疗前交叉韧带（ACL）的临床疗效。方法选择行关节镜下ACL重建的病人30例,随机分为2组,其中采用保留残端单束重建ACL的病人15例（保留组）,未保留残端单束重建ACL的病人15例（未保留组）。对比2组术前和术后6个月的Lysholm评分、主观膝部评估表（IKDC）评分和Tegner评分,以及术后膝关节活动度和稳定性,同时比较2组术后6个月的本体感觉指标。结果2组病人术前的Lysholm评分、IKDC评分和Tegner评分差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,而保留组术后6个月的Lysholm评分、IKDC评分和Tegner评分均明显高于未保留组（P < 0.05）。2组术前和术后6个月的KT-1000侧-侧差值和ROM角度差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,术后6个月保留组其被动角度再生试验角度和被动活动察觉阈值均低于未保留组（P < 0.01）。结论保留残端单束重建ACL能更好地促进膝关节术后功能和本体感觉的恢复,其临床效果优于未保留残端的ACL重建。     

COA: Effect of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on biomechanical features of knee in level walking: a meta-analysis

Background The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most commonly injured knee ligaments. Even following ACL reconstruction, significant articular cartilage degeneration can be observed and most patients suffer from premature osteoarthritis. Articular cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritis development after ACL injury are regarded as progressive process that are affected by cyclic loading during frequently performed low-intensity daily activities. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis on studies assessing the effects of ACL reconstruction on kinematics, kinetics and proprioception of knee during level walking. Methods This meta-analysis was conducted according to the methodological guidelines outlined by the Cochrane Collaboration. An electronic search of the literature was performed and all trials published between January 1966 and July 2010 comparing gait and proprioception of a reconstructed-ACL group with an intact-ACL group were pooled for this review. Thirteen studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Results There was no significant difference in step length, walking speed, maximum knee flexion angle during loading response, joint position sense and threshold to detect passive motion between the reconstructed-ACL group and the intact-ACL group (P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in peak knee flexion angle, maximum angular knee flexion excursion during stance, peak knee flexion moment during walking and maximum external tibial rotation angle throughout the gait cycle between the reconstructed-ACL group and the intact-ACL group (P<0.05). Conclusions Step length, walking speed, maximum knee flexion angle during loading response, joint position sense and threshold to detect passive motion usually observed with ACL deficiency were restored after the ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation, but no significant improvements were observed for peak knee flexion angle, maximum angular knee flexion excursion during stance, peak knee flexion moment during walking and maximum external tibial rotation angle throughout the gait cycle. Methods This meta-analysis was conducted according to the methodological guidelines outlined by the Cochrane Collaboration. An electronic search of the literature was performed and all trials between January 1966 and September 2010 comparing ACL reconstruction group with ACL intact group in gait and proprioception were pooled for this review. Thirteen studies were finally recruited in the meta-analysis. Results There was no significant difference in step length,step speed,maximum knee flexion during loading response,joint position sense and threshold to detect passive motion between ACL reconstruction group and ACL intact group(p>0.05).However,there was a significant difference in peak knee flexion,maximum knee flexion angular joint during stance,knee moment peak knee flexion during walking and maximum tibial rotation during gait cycle between ACL reconstruction group and ACL intact group(p<0.05). Conclusions The step length,step speed,maximum knee flexion during loading response,joint position sense and threshold to detect passive motion for ACL deficiency were restored after the ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation,but no significant improvements were observed in terms of peak knee flexion,maximum knee flexion angular joint during stance,knee moment peak knee flexion during walking and maximum tibial rotation during gait cycle.     

电针对食蟹猴单侧前交叉韧带损伤后本体感觉的影响

目的 探讨电针对食蟹猴前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤后本体感觉的影响.方法 将27只正常食蟹猴随机分为3组:电针干预组(n=9)、模型对照组(n=9)和正常对照组(n=9).然后对电针干预组和模型对照组的食蟹猴进行单膝ACL损伤造模.在造模后1周,在电针干预组中给予损伤侧膝关节周围穴位刺激(委阳、阴谷、膝阳关、曲泉).在电针干预后的4、8、12周时,3组分别进行神经电生理检测体感诱发电位和运动神经传导速度,然后再处死食蟹猴并取其ACL进行氯化金染色,观察ACL中本体感受器的形态、总体数量及变异数量的变化.结果 食蟹猴单侧ACL损伤模型的体感诱发电位和运动神经传导速度随时间增加而潜伏期逐渐延长,波幅逐渐下降,均有统计学差异(P＜0.05).电针干预后,体感诱发电位、运动神经传导速度随时间增加而潜伏期逐渐缩短,波幅逐渐上升,均有统计学差异(P＜0.05);食蟹猴单侧ACL损伤模型随时间增加而本体感受器总体数量下降,变异数量上升,有统计学差异(P＜0.05),电针干预可以延缓总体数量的下降,有统计学差异(P＜0.05),但对变异数量的影响不大,无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 ACL损伤后同侧的本体感觉随时间增加而逐渐减退,而电针干预治疗可以对损伤侧ACL本体感觉起到一定的治疗作用.     

关节镜下3种方法重建前交叉韧带的对比研究

目的:探讨关节镜下应用自体腘绳肌腱(HT)或异体胫前肌腱(ATT)配合两种不同固定方法重建前交叉韧带(ACL)的手术方法与疗效.方法:2007年9月～2010年6月收治60例单侧膝关节单纯ACL损伤患者,根据ACL重建时移植物与固定方法的不同,分成3组.A组12例,采用自体HT、双桩固定;B组23例,采用自体HT、Endobutton、可吸收界面螺钉固定;C组25例,采用异体ATT、Endobutton、可吸收界面螺钉固定.术后平均随访13.6个月,根据Lysholm膝关节评分和KT- 2000关节测量仪测定稳定性评价临床疗效.结果:Lysholm评分、KT2000测试,3组手术前后各项指标差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),但3组间术后各项指标差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:关节镜下采用四股自体HT或异体ATT配合两种不同固定方法重建膝ACL,早期0.5～1.5年随访效果,疗效满意,不良反应发生率低.其中采用自体HT、双桩固定重建ACL的方法,具有取材方便、并发症少、疗效确切、医疗费用低等优点,值得临床推广应用.     

前交叉韧带重建手术前后的步态分析

目的 研究膝关节前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤及重建手术后步态特点及变化.方法 应用三维运动捕捉步态分析系统,对单侧前交叉韧带损伤应用四股胴绳肌腱进行重建的29例患者进行步态分析,前交叉韧带损伤患者自受伤到手术的平均时间为2.6个月(2周～16个月),分别于术前、术后3、6、9、12个月采集步态数据,同期采集58名健康人的步态数据并与之比较.受试对象按恒定速度(1.9 km/h)在运动平板上行走120 s,测量0°和15°时的步态数据,时空参数包括:步长、步宽;运动学数据包括:膝关节运动角度、膝关节角加速度、前交叉韧带移动数据(以胫骨沿前交叉韧带方向的位移表示).结果 本组29例前交叉韧带损伤患者术前及术后3个月均出现股四头肌逃避步态,术后3个月0°运动平板的时空参数与正常比较无明显差别,术后6个月15°倾斜运动平板的时空参数与正常比较无明显差别,术后9个月15°倾斜运动平板的运动学指标与正常比较差异无统计学意义.结论 应用四股腘绳肌腱进行前交叉韧带重建能够恢复膝关节正常的步态模式并表现出与时间相关趋势.运用步态分析的运动学数据对膝关节ACL损伤进行功能量化评价,可以更为准确的了解膝关节前交叉韧带损伤及重建术后的生物力学变化,为评定术后疗效、制定康复方案及评定疗效提供客观依据.     

关节镜下保留与清除断裂前交叉韧带残端重建术后疗效比较

目的：：对比关节镜下保留与清除断裂前交叉韧带( ACL)残端重建术后临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析70例获得12个月以上随访的ACL断裂患者临床资料,其中对照组35例采用传统清除残端重建ACL,观察组35例采用保留残端重建ACL,比较2组患者术后关节稳定性、关节功能及本体感觉恢复情况。结果：所有患者均获得随访,随访时间为12~27个月。2组患者术后关节稳定性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);末次随访时观察组患者术后关节功能均优于对照组(P<0.01);观察组患者术后本体感觉优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论：关节镜下保留与清除残端重建ACL均能取得较好的临床疗效,恢复关节稳定性;但保留残端手术更有利于术后膝关节功能及本体感觉的恢复。     

自体髌腱与腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带后的步态分析

目的 观察膝关节前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤不同重建方式术后步态运动学变化规律.方法 应用三维运动捕捉步态分析系统(东方新锐DVMC-8801三维运动分析系统),对2006年3月至2007年3月因单侧前交叉韧带损伤应用自体中1/3骨-髌腱-骨(髌腱组)或四股胴绳肌腱(胭绳肌腱组)进行重建的各19例患者进行步态分析,分别于术前、术后3、6、9、12个月采集步态数据,同期采集19名健康人的步态数据并与之比较.受试对象按恒定速度(1.9 km/h)在运动平板上行走120 s,测量0°和15°时的步态数据,测量时空参数包括:步长、步宽;运动学数据包括:膝关节运动角度、膝关节角加速度.结果 两组38例前交叉韧带损伤患者术前及术后3个月均出现股四头肌逃避步态,术后6个月15°倾斜运动平板的时空参数与正常比较差异无统计学意义,术后9个月15°倾斜运动平板的运动学指标与正常比较差异无统计学意义;髌腱组术后6个月15°运动平板伸膝角加速度明显小于腘绳肌腱组,屈膝角加速度明显大于腘绳肌腱组.结论 腘绳肌腱或髌腱移植前交叉韧带重建,膝关节正常的步态模式表现与术后时间有相关性;两种重建方式术后早期存在的膝关节生物力学差异与移植物取材部位相关.     

关节镜下同时保留股骨及胫骨残端重建前交叉韧带的临床疗效评估

目的 探讨关节镜下采取同时保留股骨及胫骨残端方式重建前交叉韧带的技术应用并观察其效果.方法 选取安徽医科大学第一附属医院2014年1月至2016年1月收住的前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤患者52例,术前依据随机数字表法分为同时保留胫骨及股骨韧带残端重建ACL组(保残组)与不保留任何韧带残端重建ACL组(对照组)并按照单束重建ACL方法完成手术,每组26例.采用Lysholm膝关节功能评分评估客观功能及行为能力,采用国际膝关节文献委员会(IKDC)主观评分评估主观运动能力及生活质量,比较两组患者术前、术后18个月上述评分标准评估的患者膝关节功能.所有患者于术后6个月复查磁共振,观察移植肌腱与骨隧道的愈合情况及有无其他关节异常信号.结果 保残组患者膝关节术前Lysholm评分和IKDC评分均低于术后[(57.21±5.05)分vs(89.43±4.12)分;(52.18±7.61)分vs(91.43±4.52)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).对照组患者术前Lysholm评分和IKDC评分均低于术后[(54.72±4.06)分vs(86.21±3.89)分;(56.24±6.59)分vs(83.56±5.02)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后IKDC主观评分保残组优于对照组[(91.43±4.52)分vs(83.56±5.02)分],且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).所有患者术后未发生严重并发症.结论 关节镜下同时保留胫骨及股骨侧残端重建前交叉韧带术术后效果良好,无不良并发症,有利于前交叉韧带重建术后膝关节功能的恢复.     

关节镜下胫骨端保残重建治疗前交叉韧带损伤的疗效分析

目的 探讨关节镜下胫骨端保残重建治疗前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤的疗效。方法 选取2015年1月至2016年5月安徽医科大学第一附属医院收治的56例ACL损伤患者,按照随机数字表法分为胫骨端保残重建ACL组（保残组）和清除胫骨端韧带组（对照组）,术前及术后第12个月进行一次随访,分析比较两组患者国际膝关节评分委员会评分（IKDC）及本体感觉评分的差异。结果 保残组患者术前IKDC评分为（49.54±5.17）分,本体感觉评分为（16.14±1.04）分,术后第12个月IKDC评分为（89.61±5.21）分;本体感觉评分为（7.04±0.79）分。对照组患者术前IKDC评分为（48.64±5.26）分,本体感觉评分为（16.28±0.98）分,术后第12个月随访IKDC评分为（88.15±4.98）分,本体感觉评分（10.43±0.84）分。两组患者术后的IKDC和本体感觉评分均高于术前差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。保残组术后的本体感觉评分高于对照组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 关节镜下胫骨端保残单束重建ACL对膝关节本体感觉功能的恢复有积极作用。