Distribution of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Its Clinical Significance in Hubei Province, China

The distribution of hepatitis B virus genotype in Hubei province and its clinical signifi- cance were investigated. HBV genotypes of 276 patients were detected by PCR-microplate sandwich hybrization-ELISA technique. The level of HBV DNA was detected by using PCR-fluorescence quantification test. Among 276 patients, there were 78 cases of HBV asymptomatic carriers, 110 cases of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 62 cases of severe hepatitis (SH) or liver cirrhosis (LC) and 26 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The genotypes of HBV included C, B, mixtures (B C, B D, C D) and D, accounting for 55.8%, 25.4%, 16.7% and 2.1% respectively. The average level of HBV DNA in genotypes C, B, mixtures and D was 1.20×106, 7.81×104, 3.26×105 and 5.01×104 cop- ies/mL respectively. The ratio of SH, LC and HCC in genotype B, C and mixtures was 20%, 30% and 48% respectively. Statistical analysis revealed the percentage of genotype mixtures infection was sig- nificantly higher than that of genotype B infection. There was no significant difference in the per- centage between genotype B and genotype C or between genotype C and mixtures. The distribution of genotype B, C and mixtures in SH, LC and HCC was significantly different. The frequency of HCC was zero in patients with co-infection. Genotype D was only related with SH and LC. The in- creased ALT could be converted to categorical grades of severity. From mild, moderate to severity, the prevalence of genotype C showed an opposite trend, although no statistically significant differ- ence was observed. The HBeAg positive rate was higher in patients with genotype C infection than in those with genotype B, especially in the patients whose ages were from 31 to 40 years old. Compared with genotype B, genotype C showed a higher HBeAg positive rate in patients with SH and LC. The percentage of SH, LC and HCC was higher in patients with genotype C and mixtures infection. On the contrary, the percentage of genotype B was lower. The HBeAg positive rate in patients with genotype C infection was higher than those with genotype B infection. Genotype C and mixtures may be associated with development of severe liver disease.     

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in Chinese patients with viral hepatitis and hepatic failure.

Anti-HCV assay with ORTHO kits was done in 100 blood donors and recipients and 374 cases of viral hepatitis, including 65 cases of fulminant, subacute and chronic hepatic failure. None of the 100 blood donors and recipients showed positive anti-HCV response. Anti-HCV was positive in 7.6% of the patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, 9.7% of the patients with chronic active hepatitis and 23.1% of the patients with liver cirrhosis. High prevalence of anti-HCV was observed in subacute hepatic failure (60.8%) and chronic hepatic failure (53.9%). Fifty-two (83.9%) of 62 anti-HCV positive cases were infected concurrently with HBV. The incidence of HBV replicating marker in patients with HCV or co-infected with HBV was lower than that of those with HBV alone. It is suggested that HCV might inhibit the replication of hepatitis B virus. The mortality rate of patients with anti-HCV positive hepatic failure was higher than that of those with HBV infection. Therefore, anti-viral therapy for anti-HCV positive hepatic failure should be considered.

     

Study on cytomegaloviral infection in acute leukemia patients by polymerase chain reaction.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blot hybridization by probe labelled with digoxin were used to detect human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA in 31 patients with acute leukemia and 20 controls. The positive rate detected by PCR in acute leukemia was 74.2% and 15.0% in the controls. The difference was statistically significant. The results suggest that acute leukemia patients are the high risk population with high infection rate of HCMV. The positive rate detected by digoxin method in acute leukemia was 58.1%. Six patients showed negative results by digoxin method, but positive by PCR. It was demonstrated that PCR was superior to digoxin method in sensitivity. Anti-HCMV IgM in serum of patients was detected at the same time, the positive rate was 16.1%. Only 6 of the 23 PCR positive patients showed positive anti-HCMV IgM. It suggests that the immune response is weak in acute leukemia patients and HCMV recently infected could not be excluded in the anti-HCMV IgM negative cases.

     

Clinical Investigation on the Correlation between Lower Urinary Tract Infection and Cystitis Glandularis

In order to study the association between lower urinary tract infection and cystitis glandularis (CG), 120 cases of CG were diagnosed by cystoscopic biopsy in the suspicious foci of the bladder. Among them, 72 cases were subjected to bacterial counting culture of urine and microscopic examination of urinary sediment, and 60 cases to fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) assay to detect HPV, CMV and HSV DNA in urine samples. In the 72 cases of CG, the positive rate of bacterial counting culture of urine was 15.3 % (11/72), and gray zone rate was 18.1% (13/72). 31.9 % (23/72) patients were positive in bacterioscopy of urinary sediment.There was statistically significant difference as compared with the control group (P＜0. 01 ). Only 4 of 60 urine samples were positive by FQ-PCR in detection of the three viruses mentioned above with the positive rate being 6.67 %. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference (P＞0.05). It was concluded that the genesis of CG was closely correlated with the chronic lower urinary tract infection, especiallv caused bv Esch coll.     

Purified protein derivative skin testing on HIV/AIDS patients and logistic regression analysis of its risk factors

Objective： To understand the reactivity of purified protein derivative skin test（PPD test） in HIV-infected persons and to determine the influential factors associated with PPD. Methods： 174 HIV/AIDS patients registered in the local center for disease control and prevention（CDC） participated this study from April to June in 2006. Questionnaire,CD4 count and thoracic roentgenogram were performed for all participants. Results： In this study, response rate of questionnaires was 83.65%. The majority of these participants had a different degree of immunodeficiency that accounted for 93.64%. Female patients had a higher CD4 count than that of males. The total positive rate of PPD was 38.15%. Analysis of single factor in our study indicated that CD4 count, previous tubereulosis history, tuberculosis contact history and thoracic roentgenogram manifestation of patients were related to their PPD diameters. Further analysis of multiple factors also supports the previous conclusion that CD4 count and previous tuberculosis history of patients were risk factors in the PPD test. Conclusion： The PPD test of HIV/AIDS patients could be affected by several factors. For persons infected with HIV, the confirmation of latent tuberculosis infection （LTBI） should be considered the combination effect of previous MTB infection and body cellular immune function.     

Application of Monoclonal Antibodies against Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Early Clinical Diagnosis and in Viral Antigen Analysis

Indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was employed to detectviral antigens in the peripheral blood lymphocytes from 77 patients withclinically diagnosed epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF). The positive ratewas 50.7%, and it was 64.3% (27/42) for early cases (2nd to 5th day ofdisease). It was found that the earlier and the more severe the cases were,the higher the positive rate was. Three McAbs, 4B9, 4E7 and 3H4 havebeen introduced to IFAT. Five reaction patterns of the three McAbs withviral antigen positive cases were observed. The McAbs showed theirdifferences in respect of positive rate. Combination of McAbs could raisethe positive rate. In the cases of early phase with positive EHFV antigensin the leucocytes, the positive rate of specific IgM in acute phase sera was96.3%. The positive rate and accuracy of EHF early diagnosis could beraised by combined application of detection of the viral antigens andspecific serum IgM in the acute phase.     

Investigation of anti-HCV in 391 serum samples in China.

391 serum samples from healthy blood donors, HBsAg positive blood donors and patients with different kinds of liver diseases in northern China were tested for anti-HCV by ELISA. Of the healthy donors, 4.6% (7/151) were anti-HCV positive; of the HBsAg positive donors, 32.4% (24/74) were positive; and of the liver disease patients, 5.4% (9/166) were positive. Among the 24 cases of HBV-HCV double infection, 10 were assayed for serum ALT level. 40% (4/10) of them were abnormal. The causes of the surprisingly high rate of HCV infection, both in healthy donors and in HBsAg positive donors, were discussed. This is the first report on the distribution of anti-HCV in certain population in China.

     

Significance of pre-S2 protein and its antibody in children with HBV infections.

Pre-S2 protein and its antibody were detected in 130 children with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and 30 with T6 hepatitis B (HB) vaccination. The results showed that pre-S2 was positive in most chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) and chronic active hepatitis(CAH) patients, while anti-pre-S2 was positive in only 8% (2/92 cases) and 11.5% (3/26 cases) respectively. The positive rate of anti-pre-S2 was 78.9% (15/19 cases) in cases at the convalescent stage of acute hepatitis B, 91.7% (55/60 cases) in cases with T6 HB vaccination and 83.3% (25.30 cases) in naturally acquired anti-HBs children, while pre-S2 was not noted. Anti-pre-S2 was negatively related to ALT and positively to anti-HBs (P less than 0.01). The positive relation of pre-S2 to HBsAg was observed. These results suggest that pre-S2 could be a marker for HBV infection, and anti-pre-S2 may indicate a favourable prognosis of HBV infection. There was no correlation between anti-pre-S2 and pathogenic damages induced by HBV.

     

Detection of HCV infection by cPCR in patients with acute leukemia.

HCV RNA and anti-HCV were detected respectively by complemented DNA polymerases chain reaction (cPCR) and ELISA in the sera of 28 acute leukemia patients with repeated blood transfusion and changes in liver function. HCV RNA positive rate was 78.6%. Anti-HCV positive rate was 60.7%. 25 subjects showed positive results in HCV RNA or anti-HCV, or in both of them. By combined assessment, the HCV infection rate was 89.3%. Acute leukemia patients were the high risk group of HCV infection because of the lowered immune function and repeated blood transfusion. By cPCR, HCV RNA can be detected earlier and the sensitivity is higher than by anti-HCV. So cPCR is a sensitive and specific method for early diagnosis of HCV infection. The combination of HCV RNA and anti-HCV detection methods may improve the diagnostic rate of HCV infection.

     

Preliminary report on seroepidemiology of HCV and HBV infection in northern China.

1 141 serum samples from various population groups in north China were examined for C100-3Ab by ELISA. Antibody to C100-3 antigen derived from HCV genome (C100-3A) and HBsAg were measured in 438 normal population in Beijing. The C100-3Ab positive rate was 2.1% and the HBsAg positive rate was 2.5%. There is increased occurrence with age. In 649 cases of chronic liver diseases, the HBsAg positive rate was 87.1% in chronic persistent hepatitis (CPA), 88.8% in chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 64.9% in liver cirrhosis (LC) and 67.3% in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The C100-3Ab positive rate was 10.5% (CPH), 12.1% (CAH), 42.6% (LC) and 38.4% (HCC). It is noteworthy that the C100-3Ab positive rate significantly increased with disease progression from CPH to CAH, LC and HCC. Prevalence of cases positive for both C100-3Ab and HBsAg was 0% in the normal population, 6.7% in CPH, 8.4% in CAH, 31.1% in LC and 28.8% in HCC. Investigation of patients with HCV infection showed that only 36.8% had blood transfusions. HCV and HBV infection may play important pathogenic roles in CPH, CAH, LC and HCC in north China.

     

中南邵阳、华东南京、西南成都组织胞浆菌感染流行病学调查

目的 :组织胞浆菌是一种真菌 ,由家禽及鸟类传播 ,可引起人的深部真菌病。我们进行的流调工作 ,对掌握疾病流行情况、制定防治措施及对结核病的防治工作具有重要意义。方法 :调查对象是健康人、住院的肺结核病人、住院的非结核性肺疾患病人。使用的方法是在前臂内侧皮内注射酵母相组织胞浆菌素 (Histolyn -CYL)。同时在另一前臂做PPD皮试 (1∶1万 )。结果 :中南邵阳地区健康人组织胞浆菌素皮试阳性率2 2 .4 0 %。肺结核病人阳性率 31.6 0 %。非结核病肺部疾病阳性率 15 .85 %。华东南京地区健康人阳性率15 .10 %。肺结核病等阳性率 17.74 %。西南成都地区健康人阳性率 2 1.77%。肺结核病人阳性率 5 4 .4 4 %。结论 :组织胞浆菌感染率很高 ,与人文地理条件密切相关 ,差异很大。因此制订防治措施也应有所不同 ,应结合当地具体情况。     

Chronic Cavitary Histoplasmosis of the Lung

Four main clinical types of disease result from infection by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum: (1) the primary complex; (2) acute pulmonary histoplasmosis; (3) chronic cavitary pulmonary histoplasmosis; (4) disseminated systemic histoplasmosis.

Chronic cavitary histoplasmosis of the lung is indistinguishable clinically and radiographically from pulmonary tuberculosis. In this disease, however, the histoplasmin skin test and the histoplasmin complement fixation test are positive in more than 80% of cases and sputum cultures are usually positive for Histoplasma capsulatum. The mortality rate of the chronic cavitary type is greater than 30%. The antibiotic, amphotericin B, is the most effective drug in treatment. If surgical resection of the cavitary lesion is feasible, under amphotericin coverage, this is the treatment of choice.

During the past year, two patients with chronic cavitary histoplasmosis illustrating the aforementioned features were diagnosed at the Toronto Hospital for Tuberculosis.

     

侵袭性垂体腺瘤患者瘤组织中HIF-1α、VEGF和MMP-9表达水平及临床意义

目的 检测侵袭性垂体腺瘤患者瘤组织中缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)表达水平,探讨这些因子对临床治疗的意义,旨在为临床治疗提供理论依据。 方法 选取宁波市鄞州人民医院于2013年2月-2016年2月收集的经手术切除的垂体腺瘤组织标本58例,根据病理检测结果将标本分成侵袭组(34例)与非侵袭组(24例)。采用免疫组化Envision二步法检测所有标本中HIF-1α、VEGF和MMP-9蛋白表达情况,并采用SPSS软件对数据进行统计学处理。 结果 侵袭组患者HIF-1α的强阳性表达率及总阳性表达率[47.1%(16/34)、91.2%(31/34)]明显高于非侵袭组[12.5%(3/24)、45.8%(11/24)],P<0.05;侵袭组患者VEGF的强阳性表达率及总阳性表达率[58.8%(20/34)、94.1%(32/34)]明显高于非侵袭组[16.7%(4/24)、58.3%(14/24)](P<0.05);侵袭组患者MMP-9的强阳性表达率及总阳性表达率[55.9%(19/34)、85.3%(29/34)]明显高于非侵袭组[8.3%(2/34)、41.7%(10/24)],P<0.05;经Pearson相关性分析,侵袭组患者HIF-1α与VEGF呈正相关(r=0.940,P<0.05);HIF-1α与MMP-9呈正相关(r=0.412,P<0.05);VEGF与MMP-9呈正相关(r=0.783,P<0.05);非侵袭组患者中三者之间无相关性。 结论 在侵袭性垂体腺癌患者体内HIF-1α、VEGF和MMP-9蛋白表达水平明显升高,其表达可反应患者肿瘤的发生、发展情况,为临床诊断提供相应的依据,并且研究结果提示3种蛋白之间还存在相互促进关系。      

大角膜缘移植瓣术在翼状胬肉中的应用

目的：观察大角膜缘移植瓣术在翼状胬肉中的应用效果。方法选取2013年1月至2014年12月我院眼科收治的100例（100眼）翼状胬肉患者为研究对象，根据随机数字表法随机分为对照组50例(50眼)和观察组50例(50眼)。观察组给予大角膜缘移植瓣术治疗，对照组给予小自体角膜缘移植瓣术。比较两组患者治疗前后的视力、屈光度、泪液基础分泌量及泪膜破裂时间；同时比较两组患者的治疗总有效率、复发率及并发症发生率。结果治疗前，两组患者的视力、屈光度、泪液基础分泌量及泪膜破裂时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；治疗后4周，观察组与对照组患者的上述观察指标分别为(0.72±0.07)、(0.97±0.65) D、(9.68±2.17) mm、(11.7±2.88) s和(0.49±0.10)、(1.70±0.48) D、(6.85±2.04) mm、(7.90±2.13) s，均较治疗前显著改善，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)，且观察组的改善程度优于对照组，组间比较，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗有效率为96.0%(48/50)，明显高于对照组的78.0%(39/50)，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访13~37个月，观察组患者的复发率为2.0%(1/50)，对照组为18.0%(9/50)，观察组低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率为12.0%(6/50)，高于对照组的6.0%(3/50)，但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用大角膜缘移植术治疗翼状胬肉能够有效改善患者的视功能及泪膜稳定性，降低复发率，其具有疗效确切、安全性高等特点，值得临床推广应用。     

66例小儿结核性胸膜炎临床分析

目的 探讨小儿结核性胸膜炎（TP）的临床特点及早期诊治方法。方法 对本院2014年1月—2017年12月收治的66例诊断为TP住院患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 66例患儿中,病程1~<2周12例(18.1％),2周~<1个月30例(45.5％), 1个月~<1年24例(36.4％)。发病年龄以学龄期儿童多见（62.1%）,有明确接触史17例（25.8%）,主要临床表现为发热84.8%（56/66）和咳嗽51.5％(34/66),胸痛18.1％(12/66),气促16.7％ (11/66);60例行胸腔穿刺抽液术,胸水性质均为渗出液,细胞数最高10 751×10⁶/L ,平均(3 020±266.05)×10⁶/L,57例（95.0%）以单核细胞为主,ADA（50.5±18.9）U/L,胸水培养阳性5例(8.3％)。66例行全血TSPOT检查,25例行胸水TSPOT检查,均阳性。全部病例给予全程抗结核治疗,同时合理使用激素及对症治疗,61例6个月后复查痊愈,后期需手术治疗5例。结论 小儿结核性胸膜炎以学龄期儿童多见,临床表现常缺乏特异性,与成人结核性胸膜炎比较,更易出现误诊及漏诊,需详细询问病史、结核病接触史,PPD、血/胸水TSPOT检查、胸膜活检对早期诊断有重要价值。诊断确定后应尽早联合抗结核治疗,合理使用糖皮质激素减少并发症。     

PICC带管出院患者居家维护的可行性Meta分析

目的 比较经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)带管出院患者居家维护和返院维护的效果,评价居家维护方式的可行性。 方法 通过计算机检索Cochrane Library、Pub Med、Embase、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普数据库(VIP)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方数据库中收集2016年8月以前国内外公开发表的关于PICC带管出院患者返院维护与居家维护效果比较的临床试验,采用Stata 12.0软件对资料进行Meta分析,结局指标是PICC相关并发症的发生率。 结果 共纳入15篇文献,全体样本量共计1 374例患者,其中返院维护组730例患者,居家维护组644例患者。Meta分析结果显示:居家维护组的局部感染率[RR=3.82,95%CI(2.51~5.83)]、静脉炎发生率[RR=5.51,95%CI(2.08~14.61)]、导管脱出率[RR=2.36,95%CI(1.28~4.34)]、导管堵塞率[RR=1.75,95%CI(1.26~2.43)]、血栓形成率[RR=3.77,95%CI(1.30~10.90)]低于返院维护组;居家维护组的导管相关性感染率[RR=0.93,95%CI(0.57~1.53)]、导管破损率[RR=0.58,95%CI(0.15~2.27)]、皮肤过敏率[RR=1.08,95%CI(0.36~3.28)]与返院维护组比较,差异无统计学意义。 结论 当前临床证据表明:与返院维护方式比较,PICC带管出院患者采用居家维护方式不会使PICC相关并发症的发生率增高,该维护方式是可行的。      

联合检测34βE12、p65、CK5/6对前列腺癌鉴别诊断的意义

目的 探讨联合检测34βE12、p65、角蛋白CK5/6对前列腺癌鉴别诊断的意义.方法 采用免疫组化法检测34βE12、p65、CK5/6在70例良性增生(BPH)、140例前列腺癌(PCA)、16例前列腺低级别上皮内瘤(LGPIN)和20例前列腺高级别上皮内瘤(HGPIN)间的表达差异.结果 在34βE12的比较中,良性增生组织、PCA、LGPIN和HGPIN中阴性率分别为10.00%(7/70)、79.29%(111/140)、6.25%(1/16)和35.00%(7/20),PCA组阴性率比其他三组间表达水平高,差异有统计学意义(Z=185.344,P<0.01).在p65的比较中,良性增生组织、PCA、LGPIN和HGPIN中阴性率分别为4.29%(3/70)、91.43%(128/140)、6.25%(1/16)和15.00%(3/20),PCA组阴性率比其他三组间表达水平高,差异有统计学意义(Z=267.107,P<0.01).在CK5/6的比较中,良性增生组织、PCA、LGPIN和HGPIN中阴性率分别为11.43%(8/70)、88.57%(124/140)、0(0/16)和30.00%(6/20),PCA组阴性率比其他三组间表达水平高,差异有统计学意义(Z=228.111,P<0.01).结论 单独检测一项指标无法区分四种组织,通过联合检测34βE12、p65、CK5/6表达水平有助于区分四种前列腺组织.     

孕妇丙型肝炎病毒感染影响因素的病例对照研究

目的了解孕妇人群丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)感染的影响因素,为科学制定预防控制策略提供理论依据。方法采用1∶2配比的病例对照的研究方法,对甘肃省妇幼保健院2008-2018年兰州地区227例抗-HCV阳性的孕妇进行研究。采用条件logistic回归模型进行孕妇HCV感染影响因素的单因素及多因素分析。结果 2008-2018年甘肃省妇幼保健院产科孕妇抗-HCV阳性率为0.33%(227/69 620)。单因素条件logistic回归分析模型结果表明,产次[COR(95%CI)=1.539(1.088~2.177)]、输血史[COR(95%CI)=104.536 (14.458~755.83)]和侵入性器械诊疗[COR(95%CI)=2.222 (0.903~5.469)]是孕妇HCV感染的影响因素。多因素条件logistic回归模型分析结果显示,输血史[OR(95%CI)=98.296(13.578~711.597)]为孕妇感染HCV独有的危险因素。结论孕妇HCV感染的危险因素主要为输血史,应及时采取有效措施做好育龄妇女HCV感染预防控制工作。     

江苏省苏州市学校结核病聚集性疫情接触者筛查分析

目的 分析苏州市学校结核病聚集性疫情接触者筛查结果,为学校结核病防控工作提供依据。方法 以苏州市2016—2018年间发生的11起学校结核病聚集性疫情接触者为研究对象,回顾性收集和分析肺结核可疑症状调查,结核菌素试验,X线胸片及结核分枝杆菌检查等筛查资料。结果 11起聚集性疫情共判定接触者5 443例,PPD强阳性率为14.73%,续发患者检出率为0.97%。其中,密切接触者577例,PPD强阳性率为39.51%,续发患者检出率为6.24%;一般接触者4 866例,PPD强阳性率为11.80%,续发患者检出率为0.35%。密切接触者强阳性率和续发患者检出率均显著高于一般接触者,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.001)。在签署知情同意书基础上共有81例单纯PPD强阳性接触者接受了预防性服药治疗,筛查检出的53例活动性肺结核均在定点医院进行了规范治疗。结论 学校结核病聚集性疫情接触者的结核菌潜伏感染及患病风险较高,应及时准确判定接触者,分级逐步扩大筛查范围,对筛查后的感染者应有效落实预防性治疗,有效控制学校结核病暴发流行。     

艾滋病患者体表针吸活检病理诊断精确性研究

目的本研究分析了艾滋病患者体表淋巴结、皮肤黏膜肿物针吸细胞学病理的精确性、敏感性、特异性、阴性/阳性预测值,同时分析艾滋病针吸细胞学病理的常见疾病谱。方法对85例艾滋病针吸细胞学病理标本进行分析,将病理结果分为阳性、阴性、可疑阳性和诊断不满意,并和临床病原学检查、临床疗效和随访结果进行对比。结果 85例艾滋病针吸细胞学病理结果显示精确性、敏感性、特异性、阳性和阴性预测值分别为87.1%[95%CI(0.78,0.94)]、85.7%[95%CI(0.77,0.94)]、90.9%[95%CI(0.79,1.00)]、96.4%[95%CI(0.92,1.00)]和69.0%[95%CI(0.52,0.86)];艾滋病患者体表淋巴结、皮肤黏膜肿物针吸细胞学病理结果以淋巴结结核为主,其次为鸟分枝杆菌感染、马尔尼菲青霉菌感染、隐球菌感染,体表弥漫大B型淋巴瘤和伯基特淋巴瘤也可通过针吸细胞学病理诊断。结论本研究发现艾滋病针吸细胞学活检病理精确性、特异性、敏感性和阳性预测值高,对艾滋病机会性感染和肿瘤的诊断帮助较大;但阴性预测值低,要警惕假阴性结果的出现。