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1.
促进剂对马来酸噻吗洛尔经皮渗透的影响   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
建立了马来酸噻吗洛尔体外离体经皮释放检测方法,筛选了几种典型渗透促进剂:月桂氮酮(Azone)、1,2-丙二醇、油酸、α-吡咯烷酮,对促进剂的选择、配伍、配比、作用浓度及作用部位进行了研究,确定了Azone与1,2-丙二醇以1:3的比例配伍,Azone在马来酸噻吗洛尔膜剂中作用的最佳浓度为3%,Azone与1,2-丙二醇的作用部位在角质层。  相似文献   

2.
目的 研究氮酮、丙二醇、油酸及两者配伍对复方黄芩巴布剂中黄芩苷透皮吸收的影响.方法 制备含不同吸收促进剂的复方黄芩巴布剂,以Franz扩散池为透皮吸收装置,采用HPLC法对黄芩苷进行测定,考察不同透皮促进剂的促渗效果.结果 与不含吸收促进剂的巴布剂比较,吸收促进剂对黄芩苷透皮吸收的影响为丙二醇(PG) 氮酮(azone)>丙二醇 油酸(OA)>油酸 氮酮>不含促进剂.其中丙二醇与氮酮浓度各为1.5%时,黄芩苷有最大渗透速率154.36μg/(cm2·h).结论 复合促进剂对黄芩苷的透皮吸收均有促进作用,1.5%丙二醇 1.5%氮酮作为本复方的透皮促进剂效果较好.  相似文献   

3.
凝胶骨架控释型马来酸噻吗洛尔贴剂的透皮吸收促进剂研究   总被引:18,自引:1,他引:17  
本文研究了挥发油类促进剂对噻吗洛尔经离体鼠皮肤的促进作用,探讨了凝胶控释型贴剂的透皮吸收机理。采用双室渗透扩散装置和紫外分光光度法,通过大鼠皮肤进行了贴剂的体外释放与渗透试验。结果表明,桉油、松节油、薄荷素油及与丙二醇的复合物均能有效地促进噻吗洛尔的渗透。首次发现2%桉油与丙二醇(1∶1)混合物为最佳透皮吸收促进剂,其作用比3%A-zone与丙二醇(1∶3)混合物强。研究表明,该贴剂经皮渗透的主要屏障为角质层,压敏胶可明显减慢凝胶骨架中药物的渗透速率。大鼠皮肤渗透动力学试验表明,噻吗洛尔溶液的渗透呈零级动力学,而凝胶骨架贴剂中药物的渗透可用Higuchi方程来表述。  相似文献   

4.
目的研究不同透皮促进剂对宝泻灵提取物中各指标性成分体外经皮渗透的影响,筛选出有效的透皮吸收促进剂。方法采用改良的Franz扩散池,以离体大鼠皮肤为透皮屏障,通过体外透皮实验,用高效液相色谱法测定不同渗透促进剂对提取物中各指标性成分吴茱萸次碱、丁香酚和肉桂醛的累积渗透量、透皮渗透速率等体外透皮吸收动力学参数的影响。结果低比例氮酮、以及3%氮酮与不同比例丙二醇联合使用时的累积渗透量均有明显提高,其中以3%氮酮 10%丙二醇作为复合促进剂时的促渗作用最强。结论通过考察渗透促进剂对宝泻灵提取物各指标性成分的影响,为研究其透皮给药提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

5.
目的:研究不同透皮促进剂对格列美脲体外经皮渗透的影响,筛选有效的复合透皮吸收促进剂,提高格列美脲的透皮吸收速率。方法:采用改良的Franz扩散池,以离体新西兰家兔皮肤为透皮屏障,用高效液相色谱法测定不同透皮吸收促进剂对格列美脲累积渗透量、透皮吸收速率、透皮时滞和渗透系数等体外透皮吸收动力学参数的影响。对氮酮(Azone)、丙二醇(PG)、油酸(OA)、卡必醇(Carbitol)、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)5种透皮吸收促进剂单独应用和任意两种合用的促进效果进行考察。结果:透皮吸收促进剂单独使用时,油酸、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮和氮酮对格列美脲透皮吸收的促进作用依次增强,增透倍数分别为2,01,2,48和3.38;相反,卡必醇和丙二醇对格列美脲的透皮吸收起阻滞作用。在10种复合促进剂中,氮酮分别与油酸和丙二醇合用时的透皮渗透量均比单用氮酮高,分别使格列美脲渗透系数增大6.31和4.79倍,其中以氮酮和油酸合用促进效果最优。研究了氮酮和油酸最佳促进效果时的配比。实验表明,氮酮与油酸的透皮速率常数从大至小依次为:氮酮与油酸(1:1)、氮酮、油酸、氮酮与油酸(1:2),随油酸浓度比例增加,药物的累积透过量和增透倍数逐渐降低;当氮酮与油酸以相同比例混合使用时,具有协同作用。结论:促进格列美脲经皮渗透的重要途径首先是改善细胞间脂质通道,其次是增强皮肤的水合能力。以氮酮和油酸(1:1)为复合促进剂时格列美脲的透皮吸收速率最快,透皮时滞较短,促进效果最好。  相似文献   

6.
均匀设计法筛选蟾酥贴剂的透皮吸收促进剂   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的筛选蟾酥贴剂的复合型透皮吸收促进剂。方法以裸鼠皮肤为实验屏障,应用均匀设计法从氮酮、丙二醇、油酸中选择蟾酥贴剂的最佳吸收促进剂及其最佳配比。结果氮酮、丙二醇、油酸的质量分数配比为6%∶10%∶0%时,蟾酥贴片中的蟾酥有最大的透皮速率常数。结论氮酮丙二醇复合透皮吸收促进剂可促进蟾酥中蟾毒内酯类成分的透皮吸收。  相似文献   

7.
精油类促进剂对非诺洛芬钙经皮渗透作用的研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
研究了精油类促进剂对非诺洛芬钙经皮渗透的影响。通过双室渗透装置进行了体外渗透实验。结果表明,各种促进剂的促渗作用为:桉叶油>薄荷素油>松节油>月桂氮酮>油酸;精油类促进剂可明显增加非诺洛芬钙的经皮吸收,其渗透系数和增渗倍数,均比其它促进剂大。  相似文献   

8.
目的:研究不同透皮促渗剂对吲哚美辛和沙丁胺醇体外经皮渗透的促进作用.方法:用 Valia-Chien 水平扩散池,选择氮酮、丙二醇、N-甲基-吡咯烷酮、油酸、薄荷油、氮酮与丙二醇合用作为促进剂,离体SD大鼠腹部皮肤用促渗剂预处理,紫外分光光度法测定接收液中的药物含量.结果:与空白对照组比较,除了丙二醇对吲哚美辛和沙丁胺醇体外经皮渗透有抑制作用外,其余促进剂均显著提高二者的渗透速率(P<0.01),尤其以氮酮与丙二醇合用的促渗效果最好,吲哚美辛、沙丁胺醇的渗透速率分别达125.91、155.94 μg·cm-2·h-1.结论:氮酮与丙二醇合用、氮酮、N-甲基-吡咯烷酮、油酸、薄荷油可作为促渗剂用于复方吲哚美辛的透皮制剂.  相似文献   

9.
目的:寻找非洛地平经皮渗透促进剂。方法:用分光光度法测定非洛地平通过兔皮肤的渗透速率,研究不同的促进剂对非洛地平经皮渗透的影响。结果:松节油-氮酮(1∶1)或松节油-油酸(1∶1)的促渗作用比较明显。结论:混合促进剂促渗效果比较好。促进剂对非洛地平经皮渗透的影响@赵陆华@陈秀英@孙国庆  相似文献   

10.
均匀设计法筛选格列吡嗪透皮贴剂的促渗剂   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的筛选格列吡嗪透皮贴剂的复合型促渗剂。方法以离体大鼠皮肤透皮速率常数为指标,采用均匀设计法从氮酮、油酸、丙二醇中选择最佳促渗剂及其最佳配比。结果氮酮、丙二醇为影响格列吡嗪经皮渗透的主要因素,而油酸无明显作用;以氮酮-丙二醇(质量分数比为6%∶6%)作促渗剂时,格列吡嗪可获得最大透皮速度,测得透皮速率常数为6.174μg.cm-2.h-1。结论优选的复合促渗剂可提高格列吡嗪的透皮吸收率。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
Objective To measure Derpl and Blot5 allergen levels in asthmatics' homes in Hongkong.Methods Seventy houses were enrolled for a mite indoor environment study. Dust samples were obtained from two sites of each patients' house: bed and floor. Derpl and Blot5 levels were quantified by a two-site monoclonal antibody-based ELISA technique.Results The levels of Derpl allergens found in bed (geometric mean (GM) 3.43 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 1.89-4.96 μg/g)and on the floor (GM 1.12 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.71-1.53 μg/g) indicated significant differences (P=0.005). However, the levels of Blot5 allergens found in bed (GM 19.00 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.89-38.90 μg/g) and on the floor (GM 6.14 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.40-11.90 μg/g) showed no statistically significant difference. In addition, in regards to the exposure index for Derpl and Blot5 allergens found in bed and on the floor, 17.6% in bed and 8.6% on the floor had levels of Blot5 ≥ 10 μg/g of dust, higher than those obtained for Derp1 (7.2% and 0% in bed and on the floor respectively, P< 0.05); higher percentages in bed and on the floor (25.0% and 35.7%) were observed for levels of Blot5 =0 μg/g of dust as compared with Derpl in bed and on the floor (4.3% and 14.5% respectively, P< 0.05).Conclusions Derpl and Blot5 are the major allergens found in this regional study, Blot5 is a more potent allergen in Hongkong, probably reflecting the high level of exposure to Blomia tropicalis (Bt). Bt and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) allergens should be included for precise diagnosis and effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of mite allergy in Hongkong.  相似文献   

20.
ANTI-PROLIFERATION EFFECT OF ORIDONIN ON HL-60 CELLS AND ITS MECHANISM   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Objcetive To investigate the anti-proliferation effect of oridonin on leukemic HL-60 cells and its mechanism. Methods HL-60 cells in vitro in culture medium were given different concentrations of oridonin. The inhibitory rate of cells were measured by microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), morphology of cell apoptosis was observed by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, and the activity of telomerase was detected using telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) PCR-ELISA before and after apoptosis occurred. Results Oridonin could decrease telomerase activity, inhibit growth of HL-60 cells, and cause apoptosis significantly. The suppression was both in time- and dose-dependent manner. Marked morphological changes of cell apoptosis including condensation of chromatin and nuclear fragmentation were observed clearly by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining especially after cells were treated 48-60 hours by oridonin. Conclusions Oridonin has apparent anti-proliferation and apoptotic effects on HL-60 cells in vitro, decreasing telomerase activity of HL-60 cells may be one of its most important mechanisms. These results will provide strong laboratory evidence of oridonin for clinical treatment of acute leukemia.  相似文献   

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