偏最小二乘法-分光光度法同时测定多种食用合成色素

目的:探讨偏最小二乘法(PLS)分光光度法同时测定多种食用合成色素中的应用.方法:柠檬黄、日落黄、胭脂红、苋菜红的λmax分别是428±2nm、482±2nm、508±2nm、520±2nm,表明它们的吸收光谱严重重叠,用PLS法辅助分光光度法,不经分离,同时测定上述四组分混合体系中各组分的含量.结果:四组分混合体系中各组分的平均回收率和RSD分别为100.6%、100.5%、99.5%、101.1%和1.28%、1.11%、1.01%、1.96%.实测两种样品,均获得较好结果.结论:PLS法为不经分离直接测定的多组分体系分光光度分析提供了一种新的途径.     

银杏叶多酚物质不同提取方法的比较研究

【目的】观察不同提取方法对银杏叶中多酚成分含量的影响,为其进一步开发提供依据。【方法】采用乙醇提取法、酶解—乙醇提取法、超声波—乙醇提取法、微波—乙醇提取法制备银杏叶多酚成分,以称质量法测定提取物得率,福林—酚比色法测定多酚含量。【结果】应用不同提取方法的银杏叶多酚提取物得率及含量分别为:乙醇提取法(11.78±0.13)%、(5.42±0.06)%,酶解—乙醇提取法(12.71±0.09)%、(6.89±1.04)%,超声波—乙醇提取法(12.45±0.11)%、(6.71±0.06)%,微波—乙醇提取法(11.39±0.10)%、(5.97±1.00)%。经统计学分析,与乙醇提取法相比,酶解—乙醇提取法和超声波—乙醇提取法多酚提取物含量更高(P 0.05或P 0.01)。【结论】以上4种提取方法所得银杏叶多酚提取物的得率和含量不一,酶解—乙醇提取法和超声波—乙醇提取法更优。     

离心法和透析法测定蟾皮提取物固体脂质纳米粒包封率的比较

目的：确定测定蟾皮提取物固体脂质纳米粒包封率的最优方法。方法分别采用低速离心法、超速离心法和透析法测定蟾皮提取物固体脂质纳米粒包封率,考察采用3种不同透析介质测定的蟾皮提取物固体脂质纳米粒包封率,比较其测得包封率结果的准确性。结果不同测定方法测得的包封率结果不同,低速、超速离心法和透析法测定华蟾酥毒基（CBG）和酯蟾毒配基（RBG）包封率分别为（74.00±1.69）%和（75.01±2.05）%,（83.60±0.99）%和（82.51±1.56）%,（91.01±0.75）%和（89.22±0.88）%;透析法中透析介质不同测得的CBG和RBG包封率也不同,但结果无显著性差异。结论不同的包封率测定方法对包封率测定结果有显著性影响,透析法更适合蟾皮提取物脂质纳米粒包封率的测定。     

双波长分光光度法测定曲克芦丁片中曲克芦丁和微量芦丁的含量

目的紫外分光光度法同时测定曲克芦丁片中曲克芦丁和微量芦丁的含量。方法采用双波长分光光度法测定。结果该法测定曲克芦丁的工作曲线方程为ΔA=0.009 28C-0.005 89,r=0.999 2(n=5),线性范围为0.00~43.04μg/ml,平均回收率为(94.6±1.5)%,日内RSD(相对标准偏差)为(0.14±0.05)%,日间RSD为(1.8±0.5)%;芦丁的工作曲线方程为ΔA=0.026 99C-0.007 57,r=0.999 3(n=5),线性范围为0.00~42.48μg/ml,平均回收率为(97.3±4.2)%,日内RSD为(0.13±0.05)%,日间RSD为(2.1±0.7)%。结论该法灵敏度高、重现性好、操作简便、易于普及。     

3种不同方法测定食品中铝残留量比较

目的：采用湿法消解法、干灰化法、微波消解法消化样品，通过比较分光光度法测定的铝残留量数据，找出3种方法的优劣。方法：铝含量在0~5.0μg/25mL范围内呈良好的线性关系，相关系数r=0.9991，最低检出限为0.41μg/25mL，样品经湿法消解法、干灰化法和微波消解法处理，纯水定容至50mL后，取1.00mL试样消化液按试验方法和标准系列同时测定。结果：杨树叶标准物质3种消解方法的测定结果：干灰化法0.185%，湿法消解0.194%，微波消解0.204%，参考值（0.20±0.03）%，3种消解方法相对标准偏差：干灰化法8.2%~9.0%；湿法消解6.0%~6.8%；微波消解5.7%~7.5%。结论：3种处理方法测定食品中铝残留量，方法的精密度和准确度均比较满意，干灰化法试剂用量少，空白低，湿法消解法可同时处理大批量样品，微波消解法消化样品具有快速、安全和试剂消耗少等优点。     

免疫散射比浊法和免疫透射比浊法测定免疫球蛋白结果比较

目的探讨免疫透射比浊法和免疫散射比浊法测定免疫球蛋白(Ig)水平的关系。方法用免疫透射比浊法和免疫散射比浊法检测252例健康体检人群的血清Ig,同时测定IgG高、低值水平,分析两种方法测定结果之间的关系。结果健康体检人群中血清IgG水平免疫透射比浊法[(11.46±4.92)g/L]测定与免疫散射比浊法[(11.85±3.72)g/L]测定相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);免疫透射比浊法IgM[(1.51±1.06)g/L],免疫散射比浊法IgM[(1.60±0.91)g/L]和免疫透射比浊法IgA[(2.08±1.51)g/L],免疫散射比浊法IgA[(2.15±1.19)g/L]水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.01)。高、低值IgG用两种方法均可以测定。结论了解免疫功能水平时,测定Ig用免疫透射比浊法和免疫散射比浊法均可,但免疫散射比浊法更有利于病情的监测。     

国产膀胱容积测量仪在膀胱残余尿量检测中的应用

目的探讨国产膀胱容积测量仪测定膀胱残余尿量在临床应用的可行性及其应用优势。方法选择我院泌尿外科67例泌尿系统疾病患者,按照自愿的原则,每一个志愿者同时使用国产膀胱容积测量仪(观察组)和导尿法(对照组),分别测定同一时间膀胱残余尿量。结果观察组膀胱残余尿量为(167.79±43.7)ml,对照组为(171.34±44.87)ml,两组测定容量无显著差异(P0.05),且观察组较对照组操作时间短、所需费用少、不良反应发生率低(分别为5.97%,和62.29%,P0.05)和无不适感(分别为0.00%,和94.03%,P0.05)。结论采用国产膀胱容积测量仪测定泌尿系统疾病膀胱残余尿可达到导尿法同样准确、可靠,且无创伤可能,值得在临床排尿障碍的患者推广应用。     

电化学发光免疫法与放射免疫法检测甲状腺激素结果分析

目的比较电化学发光免疫法（ECLIA）与放射免疫法（RIA）对甲状腺激素的检测效果。方法应用电化学光免疫法与放射免疫法分别检测血清TT3、TT4、TSH、FT3、FT4,并进行均值、相关性、精密度和准确度对比分析。结果两种方法的均值结果差异无统计学意义（分别为3.55±1.08对3.41±1.09、158.03±2.52对157.63±1.90、20.04±0.23对19.99±0.21、7.16±3.36对7.36±3.21、23.57±9.02对21.28±8.08,P均〉0.05）;TT3和TT4检测结果的两种方法相关有统计学意义（分别为t=3.34和t=12.85,P〈0.01）;ECLIA法对各指标测定的平均批内及批间变异为1.69%和3.68%,均低于RIA法的3.35%和5.04%;对两种方法的回收率比较,差异有统计学意义（t=7.138,P〈0.01）,ECLIA法的准确度优于RIA法。结论 ECLIA法的精密度、准确度均优于RIA法,适合于临床应用。     

A771726大鼠在体小肠吸收动力学

目的探讨A771726大鼠在体各肠段的吸收动力学特征。方法采用大鼠在体小肠回流装置,以UV法和HPLC法分别测定酚红和A771726的含量。结果大鼠十二指肠?空肠?回肠?结肠2h后对A771726的吸收百分率分别为36.0%±2.1%、27.5%±4.2%、38.1%±5.1%、22.5%±2.3%,吸收速率常数分别为0.232±0.023、0.172±0.042、0.261±0.044、0.122±0.011(1/h)。在低、中、高3种不同浓度下,A771726全肠段的吸收速率常数分别为0.712±0.094、0.719±0.106、0.703±0.143(1/h),差异无显著性。结论A771726在大鼠各肠段均有吸收,其吸收机制为被动扩散,吸收动力学为一级吸收。     

实时荧光定量PCR检测精子线粒体DNA的提取效率

目的：测定宝生物工程有限（大连）公司和上海杰美基因医药科技有限公司两种试剂盒精子线粒体DNA提取的效率,以及核基因组DNA的残留。方法：CASA法计数精子数量,试剂盒提取线粒体DNA,TaqMan法荧光实时定量PCR,利用标准曲线测定线粒体基因Cox-I片段、核基因β-actin片段的拷贝数,计算出精子线粒体DNA的提取效率和核基因组DNA的残留。结果：两种试剂盒精子线粒体DNA提取效率分别是：0.44%±0.03%和6.19%±0.17%。核基因组DNA的残留率分别为4.71%±0.76%和38.1%±1.97%。结论：后者线粒体DNA提取效率高一个数量级,但核基因组DNA的残留率也高一个数量级。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…