Characteristics of fat metabolism in skeletal muscle of rats after hypobaric hypoxic acclimation

Objective：To investigate the characteristics of fat metabolism in rat skeletal muscle after hypobaric hypoxia acclimation. Methods： Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups randomly： control group （H0）, hypoxic 5-day group （HS）, and hypoxic 15-day group （H15）. Animals of H5 and 15 groups were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia chamber simulating 5 000 m high altitude for 5 d or 15 d respectively, 23 h per day. H0 group stayed outside of chamber The level of fatty acid oxidation and uptake, and glucose oxidation were examined, and the level of non-esterified fatty acids （NEFA）, ATP and phosphocreatine （PCr） were also assayed in rat skeletal muscles. Results： The contents of ATP and PCr in H5 group were lower than those in H0 and H15 groups （P〈0.05）, while there was no significant difference between H0 and H15. Compared with H0, the blood NEFA level in all hypoxia groups was increased significantly （P〈0.05）. The muscle NEFA level in H15 group was greatly higher than that in H0 and H5 groups. The rates of fatty acid oxidation and uptake in H15 group were significantly higher than those in H0 and H5 groups （P〈0.05）, and the rate of glucose oxidation in all hypoxia groups was significantly decreased than that in H0 group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： It is concluded that the enhanced fat oxidation may be one of the mechanisms in the maintenance of energy homeostasis after hypobaric hypoxic acclimation.     

Transplantation of VEGF165-gene-transfected endothelial progenitor cells in the treatment of chronic venous thrombosis in rats

Background The organization and recanalization of thrombi is a dynamic and complex process. The aim of this research was to study the cotherapeutic effect of stem cell transplantation and gene transfection on chronic venous thrombosis. Methods We constructed a recombinant adenoviral vector carrying the vascular endothelial growth factor 165 （VEGF165） gene by using the pAdEasy system, which was subsequently identified and amplified. Simultaneously, endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs） were isolated from rat bone marrow using Ficoll, cultured in EBM-2MV medium, and identified. Then, the cells were transfected with the recombinant Ad-VEGF165. The EPCs were labeled with 1 ,1＇-dioctadecyl-3,3,3＇,3＇-tetramethylindocarbocyanine （Dil） before transplantation. A rat model of chronic vein thrombosis was developed by partial ligation of the inferior vena cava. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups （n=25, each）： A, Ad-VEGF165/EPC-transplantation group received 1 ml （10^6） of Ad-VEGF165/EPCs; B, EPC-transplantation group received 1 ml （10^6） of EPCs; C, Ad/EPC-transplantation group received 1 ml （10^6） of Ad/EPCs; D, control group received 1 ml of the transplantation medium. The thrombi and adjacent caval walls were harvested 28 days after transplantation; real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） mRNA; and western blotting was used to measure changes in VEGF protein expression. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed to detect recanalization. Neovascularization was detected by immunohistochemical staining using the antibody for von Willebrand factor （vWF）, which is a component of endothelial cells.The capillary density was quantitatively determined by counting the capillaries under a high-power microscope. Results The Ad-VEGF165 was constructed, and bone-marrow-derived EPCs were cultivated and successfully identified. We determined the optimum transfection ratio that promoted the growth of EPCs. After transfection, the EPCs secreted the VEGF protein. After transplantation, the in vivo survival of EPCs and their differentiation into endothelial cells were determined by detecting the fluorescence associated with the Dil stain. VEGF mRNA was expressed in groups A, B, C and D after transplantation, and the VEGF mRNA level in group A was significantly higher than those in groups B, C and D （P〈0.05）; the VEGF mRNA levels in groups B and C were significantly higher than those in group D （P〈0.05）, and there was no statistical significance between the VEGF mRNA levels in groups B and C. The recanalization capillary density in group A was significantly higher than those in groups B, C （P 〈0.05） and D （P 〈0.01）; the recanalization capillary densities in groups B and C were significantly higher than that in group D （P 〈0.05）. Moreover, there was no statistical significant difference between the values for groups B and C. Conclusions The EPCs were successfully transfected by Ad-VEGF165. A suitable transfection ratio can improve the efficiency of EPCs and the possibility of promotion of angiogenesis after transplantation. Transfected EPCs caused accelerated organization and recanalization of vein thrombi.     

Pilot study of intravesical instillation of two new generation anthracycline antibiotics in prevention of superficial bladder cancer recurrence

Background Superficial bladder cancer accounts for 60%-70% of all bladder cancer cases in China, when treatment consists of only transurethral resection of the bladder tumor （TUR-BT）, recurrence and progresses in the bladder are observed in some patients. There are numerous reports of trials of intravesical instillation of anticancer agents with the objective of lowering this recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to compare the prophylactic efficacy and safety of epirubicin （EPI）, pirarubicin （THP） and hydroxycamptothecin （HCPT） in superficial bladder cancer.Methods This study enrolled a total of 189 patients who had been diagnosed with superficial bladder cancer during the period from 2004 through 2007 at Beijing Friendship Hospital. All patients were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups. Patients in group A received 29 doses of EPI 30 mg/30 ml, patients in group B received 29 doses of THP 30 mg/30 ml, and patients in group C received 29 doses of HCPT 30 mg/30 ml, over a period of 24 months.Results The recurrence-free rate in the 2 anthracycline treatment groups （A and B） were significantly better than that of the HCPT treatment group. In the safety evaluation, the incidences of pollakiuria, pain on urination, dysuria, hematuria,and contracted bladder were not significantly different between groups A and B, but some were significantly higher in groups A and B than that in group C.Conclusion The efficacy of EPI and THP was significantly better than HCPT in the prevention of bladder cancer recurrence.     

Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers on lymphangiogenesis of gastric cancer in a nude mouse model

Background Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors （ACEI） and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers （ARB） can inhibit tumor growth by inhibition of angiogenesis. This study was designed to study the anticancer effects of ACEI and ARB on tumor growth and lymphangiogenesis in an implanted gastric cancer mouse model. Methods A model of gastric cancer was established by subcutaneously inoculating human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 into 60 nude mice. One week later, all mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. A control group received physiologic saline once daily for 21 days. Mice in the 4 treatment groups received one of the following agents by gavage once daily for 21 days： perindopril, 2 mg/kg; captopril, 5 mg/kg; Iosartan, 50 mg/kg; or valsartan, 40 mg/kg. Twenty-one days after treatment, all the mice were sacrificed and the tumors were removed. Tumor sections were processed, and immunohistochemical methods were used to observe the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor C （VEGF-C）, matrix metalloproteinase 7 （MMP-7）, and lymphatic microvessel density （LMVD）.
Results Tumor volume was significantly inhibited in all ACEI and ARB groups, compared with the control group （all P 〈0,01）. LMVD in the ACEI and ARB groups was also significantly lower than that of the control group （all P 〈0.01）. In the ACEI groups, the expressions of VEGF-C and MMP-7 were both significantly decreased, compared with the control group （all P 〈0.05）. In the ARB groups, expression of VEGF-C was significantly decreased compared with the control group （all P 〈0.05）. However, no significant difference was found in the expression of MMP-7 between ARB groups and the control group.
Conclusion In a mouse model, ACEI and ARB might inhibit gastric cancer tumor growth by suppressing lymphangiogenesis.     

Effect of Shenfu on the Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax of Intestinal Mucosal Epithelial Cells after Ischemic Reperfusion in Rats

Objective To study the effect of Shenfu on the expression of bax and bcl-2 in small intestinal mucosal epithelial cells after ischemic reperfusion injury and explore the effect of Shenfu on small intestinal mucosal epithelial cells apoptosis. Methods 36 SD rats were randomized into three groups, each consisting of 12 rats： Sham group （S group）, Ischemic reperfusion group （IR group）, Shenfu group （SF group）, Ischemic reperfusion models were made by ligated the superior menseneric artery for 1 hour followed by 2 hrs reperfusion. Histological mucosal damage in each group was graded according to Chiu＇s score. Immunohistochemistry detected the expression of bax and bcl-2, and obtained the optical density （OD） value using a color image pattern analysis system, and then calculated the ratio of bcl-2/bax. TUNEL method measured apoptotic intestinal mucosal epithelial cells, and calculated the apoptotic index. Results There were edema and epithelial impairment in part of villus and the integral was higher in SF group than S group （P〈0.05）, but lower than IR group （P〈0.01）. Compared IR group with S group and SF group, the average OD value of bcl-2 and bax had significant statistic difference （P〈0.01）, and the average OD value of bcl-2 in SF group was higher than in S group （P〈0.05）, meanwhile bcl-2/bax was significantly lower in IR group than in S group and SF group （P〈0.01）, but that was higher in SF group than in S group （P〈0.05）. Apoptotic index in IR group was significantly higher than that in other two groups （P〈0.01）, and that in SF group was higher than in S group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Shenfu can enhance the expression of bcl-2, decrease the expression of bax, meanwhile increase the ratio of bcl-2/bax, inhibit small intestinal mucosal epithetlial cells apoptosis, and protect small intestine mucosal epithetlial after ischemic reperfusion.     

Effects and mechanisms of non-restrictive external stent for prevention of vein graft restenosis in a rabbit model

Background Among various treatments preventing vein graft restenosis, external stent is receiving more and more attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of non-restrictive external stent on the prevention of vein graft restenosis and the potential mechanisms of platelet-derived growth factor （PDGF） in the process of restenosis.Methods Thirty-six ＂New Zealand white rabbits＂ were randomly divided into two groups, stented group （group S） and control group （non-stented group, group NS）. Each rabbit underwent a reversed autologous external jugular vein into common carotid artery bypass grafting. In group S, the vein grafts were surrounded by a non restrictive stent which was 6 mm in diameter （a kind of Dacron vascular prosthesis）; and in group NS, there was no stent to support the vein grafts.The grafts were harvested at the first week （1W）, second week （2W） and fourth week （4W） after surgery respectively. The dimensions （including the thickness and area of the intima and media, luminal area） were measured by computer-aided image analysis system, and the intimal hyperplasia ratio was defined as the percentage of the area enclosed by the internal elastic lamina occupied by the intima.Results At 1W, the difference of the thickness and area of the intima between groups S and NS was not significant （P 〉0.05）; at 2W and 4W, the thickness and area of the intima and the intimal hyperplasia ratio in group S were less significant than those in group NS （P 〈0.05）; from 1W to 4W, the thickness and area of the media in group S were smaller than those in group NS （P〈0.05）. Immunocytochemistry staining of PDGF-B showed that the percentage of positive cells of intima in both two groups was peaked at 2W, and a significantly smaller percentage was detected in group S compared with that in group NS at 2W and 4W （P 〈0.05）; the percentage of PDGF-B positive cells of media in both two groups was also peaked at 2W, and that in group S was smaller than that in group NS from 1W to 4W （P 〈0.05）; and the percentage of PDGF-B positive cells of adventitia in group S was peaked at 4W, whereas the percentage of adventitia in group NS peaked at 2W, and the percentage of adventitia in group S was greater than in group NS at 4W （P 〈0.05）.Conclusions Non-restrictive external stenting inhibits the hyperplasia of the intima and media of the vein grafts and reduces the thickness and area of the intima and media; Non-restrictive external stenting inhibits the synthesis of PDGF and changes its distribution, and then inhibits the hyperplasia of the intima.     

Esophageal motility in patients with sliding hiatal hernia with reflux esophagitis

Background Patients with sliding hiatus hernia （HH） and reflux esophagitis （RE） usually suffer from esophageal dysmotility. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of acid reflux and duodenal gastroesophageal reflux （DGER）, esophageal manometry, and esophageal dysmotility by applying the barium meal examination.
Methods RE with HH was initially diagnosed using the reflux disease questionnaire, and was further confirmed by a barium meal examination and an endoscopy. The radiographic technique was used to test for spasms, strictures, and the coarseness of the mucosa, also was to study the types of reflux and clearance. Then, the esophageal manometry, the esophageal 24-hour pH, and the bilirubin monitoring were observed.
Results Fifty-five patients were diagnosed as HH combined with RE and divided into two groups according to the severity of their esophagitis： group HH1 （grades A and B） and group HH2 （grades C and D）. The barium meal examination revealed that the mucosa was either granular or nodular in all cases. The dump reflux and delayed clearance were more significant in patients in the HH2 group than those in the HH1 group （P 〈0.05）. The percentages of total, supine, and upright acid exposure time were greater in patients with HH than those in the control group （P 〈0.01）, but the differences between the HH1 and the HH2 groups were not significant. Lower esophageal sphictor pressure （LESP） was lower in the HH group than in the control group （P 〈0.05）. Three DGER parameters： the percentage of time with absorbance greater than 0.14, the number of bile reflux episodes, the number of bile refluxes lasting longer than 5 minutes were （28.43±23.34）, （40.57±31.30）, and （15.15±8.72）, respectively in the HH2 group; these statistics were significantly higher than those for the HH1 （P 〈0.05）. The frequency and amplitude of peristalsis were all lower in HH patients than in the control （P 〈0.05）. Of all the patients, 54.3% （30 of     

Effectiveness of Bushen Huoxue Granule (补肾活血颗粒) on 5-Serotonin and Norepinephrine in the Brain of Parkinson''s Disease Patients with Depressive State

Objective：To observe the clinical curative effect of Chinese medicine Bushen Huoxue Granule（补肾活血颗粒,BHG） on Parkinson＇s disease（PD） patients with depressive state.Methods：Sixty-two PD patients with depressive state were randomly assigned to two groups by using a random number table,31 in each group.Madopar was given to all as the conventional treatment.The fluoxetine hydrochloride dispersible tablet was given to the patients in the control group and BHG was given to those in the treatment group.The therapeutic course for all was 12 weeks.Before and after treatment,Hamilton depression rating scale（HAMD） was applied to judge the curative effect,and the changes of cerebral neurotransmitters levels in the brain of patients were detected by encephalofluctuograph technique.Results：The scores of HAMD in the two groups were decreased markedly after 12-week treatment.It was lower in the treatment group than that in the control group with significant difference（P〈0.01）.The contents of norepinephrine（NE） and 5-serotonin（5-HT） in the PD patients were obviously lower than normal value.There was no significant difference between the two groups before treatment（P〉0.05）.The contents of NE and 5-HT were all increased in the two groups after treatment（P〈0.05）,with significant differences between the two groups（P〈0.01）.Conclusion：BHG could increase the contents of NE and 5-HT in PD patients＇ brain to improve the depressive state of PD patients.     

盐酸戊乙奎醚复合乌司他丁对行开胸术患者术后认知功能的影响及机制研究

目的 探讨盐酸戊乙奎醚复合乌司他丁对行开胸术患者术后认知功能的影响.方法 将120例行开胸肺癌根治术患者分为盐酸戊乙奎醚复合乌司他丁组(HU组)、盐酸戊乙奎醚组(H组)、乌司他丁组(U组)和对照组(C组).采集动脉血检测氧合指数(OI)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-6和IL-8,检测血清中S-100β和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平,评估简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)评分.结果 与H组和U组相比,HU组T3～4时TNF-α均降低,T2～4时IL-6和IL-8均降低,而OI升高(P＜0.05);与H组和U组相比,HU组患者T5～8时血清S-100β和NSE水平均降低(P＜0.05);与H组和U组相比,HU组患者T6～7时MMSE评分升高(P＜0.05).结论 盐酸戊乙奎醚复合乌司他丁可减轻开胸术单肺通气时炎症反应,改善术后认知功能.     

氦氧机械通气联合乌司他丁对兔急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨氦氧机械通气联合乌司他丁对盐酸诱导兔急性肺损伤(ALI)的影响.方法 将40只健康新西兰兔子随机分为生理盐水对照组(N组)、ALI模型组(M组)、氦氧机械通气治疗组(H组)、乌司他丁治疗组(U组)和氦氧机械通气联合乌司他丁治疗组(H+U组)各8只.5组均给予气管切开、机械通气,除了N组外,余各组均气管内滴注盐酸建立ALI模型.模型建立后,N、M组腹腔注射生理盐水,调整吸入氧浓度(FiO2)为50％;H组给予氦氧通气、腹腔注射生理盐水;U组腹腔注射乌司他丁,调整FiO2为50％;H+U组给予氦氧通气、腹腔注射乌司他丁.于气管插管后即刻、模型建立后即刻、治疗后4h记录各组兔子的气道峰压、胸肺总顺应性及PaO2.治疗4h后处死兔子,在光学显微镜下观察肺组织的病理学改变,检测肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)含量及细胞凋亡指数(AI).结果 (1)5组间气道峰压比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗4h后H组及H+U组的气道峰压较前明显降低,且均低于其余3组.(2)5组间胸肺总顺应性比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗后4hH组及H+U组的胸肺总顺应性较前升高,且均高于其余3组.(3)5组间PaO2比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗后4hM组、H组明显低于N组,但U组及U+H组接近N组水平.(4)治疗4h后,其余4组MPO水平均高于N组(P＜0.05),U组和H+U组的MPO活性较M组和H组明显降低(P＜0.05).(5)M组和H组的AI均高于N组(P＜0.05),M组和H组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);而U组和H+U组的AI均低于M组及H组(P＜0.05),U组和H+U组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 氦氧机械通气联合乌司他丁能够通过降低气道峰压、改善氧合及胸肺总顺应性、抑制炎性细胞聚集及激活、减少肺组织细胞凋亡等途径对盐酸诱导的兔急性肺损伤有一定的保护作用.     

乌司他丁对失血性休克大鼠肺细胞间粘附分子-1的影响及其肺保护作用

目的 探讨乌司他丁(UTI)对失血性休克大鼠肺组织细胞间粘附分子－1（ICAM-1）的影响及其肺保护作用。方法 24只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组(n=8)：对照组（C组）、失血性休克组（H组）、乌司他丁组（U组）。经股动脉放血使平均动脉压（MAP）维持在（5.3±0.7)kPa建立失血性休克模型,H组60 min后开始复苏并回输全部血液和等量的乳酸林格液。U组复苏开始前注入UTI 50 000 U/kg,C组只做股动﹑静脉穿刺不放血。复苏后4h处死动物取肺组织,测定其ICAM-1表达、 髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性、肺湿干重比(W/D)并观察肺组织病理学变化。结果 H组和U组ICAM-1表达、MPO活性以及W/D比与C组相比均明显升高（P<0.05）;U组上述指标较H组明显降低（P<0.05）。光镜下见U组肺泡结构的破坏和炎症细胞聚集程度明显轻于H组。结论 在失血性休克状态下,UTI可减少大鼠肺组织ICAM-1的表达,抑制MPO活性,降低肺含水量,减轻肺组织病理学改变,从而减轻失血性休克大鼠肺组织损伤。     

乌司他丁对感染性休克肾功能保护作用的临床观察

目的探求予乌司他丁（ulinastatin,UTI）对感染性休克肾功能的影响。方法 63例感染性休克患者按年龄因素分层,并随机分作UTI组和对照组,UTI组分为低剂量和高剂量亚组。常规抗休克治疗基础上,低、高剂量组分别给予20万单位UTI静点和20万单位UTI静注＋20万单位UTI静点处置。检测治疗后12h、1d、2d、3d肾功能相关指标变化,并进行组间对比。结果 UTI组肌酐、尿素氮水平下降程度大于对照组（P﹤0.05）,尿量、毛细血管充盈时间等指标改善均优于对照组,并且大剂量组肌酐、尿素氮水平下降程度大于小剂量组（P﹤0.05）。结论乌司他丁对感染性休克肾功能有保护作用,并且大剂量作用更明显。     

乌司他丁注射液辅助治疗重症脓毒症休克的效果及对生化指标、预后的影响

目的探讨乌司他丁注射液辅助治疗重症脓毒症休克的效果及对生化指标、预后的影响。方法选取我院2015年1月-2017年7月期间收治的重症脓毒症休克患者84例,利用简单随机抽样法,将入选的84例患者随机分为2组,对照组和治疗组,每组42例。对照组患者给予基础治疗,治疗组患者在对照组基础上给予乌司他丁注射液辅助治疗。比较2组治疗效果、急性生理与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、生化指标水平以及住院情况。结果治疗组总有效率85.71%明显高于对照组61.90%(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后APACHEⅡ评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(Scr)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)明显低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组机械通气时间、ICU住院时间、平均住院时间明显少于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)发生率2.38%明显少于对照组14.29%(P<0.05),治疗组病死率14.29%明显少于对照组38.10%(P<0.05)。结论乌司他丁注射液辅助治疗重症脓毒症休克的效果良好,能有效改善机体生化指标水平,减少患者死亡率。     

大剂量乌司他丁治疗感染性休克临床疗效探析

目的：探讨大剂量乌司他丁（ Ulinastatin ）对感染性休克患者的临床疗效。方法：50例感染性休克患者被随机分为常规剂量乌司他丁对照组25例和大剂量乌司他丁治疗组25例。常规对照组20万U/次乌司他丁静脉推注,2次/d;大剂量治疗组每次100万U静脉推注,1次/h,5次/d,共500万U静脉推注,次日开始进行常规治疗,20万U/次,2次/d。观测两组治疗5d后APACHEII 评分、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶（ AST ）及血乳酸（ Lac ）的变化情况;两组患者用药后1h、4h、12h、1d及3d的尿量、心率（HR）、收缩压（SP）;记录患者休克恢复时间、病情稳定所需时间及住ICU天数等。结果：①两组治疗5d后,大剂量治疗组APACHEII评分、ALT、AST、Lac各指标值均低于常规对照组。②大剂量治疗组用药后1h、4h、12h、1d、3d的尿量的检测值均高于常规对照组;大剂量治疗组用药后1h、4h、12h、1d、3d的HR 检测值均低于常规对照组;大剂量治疗组用药后1h、4h、12h、1d、3d的SP检测值均低于常规对照组。③大剂量组休克恢复时间明显短于常规对照组;大剂量组住ICU天数明显少于常规对照组。④病死率：常规组死亡17人,病死率68％,大剂量组死亡9人,病死率36％。结论：大剂量乌司他可缩短休克恢复时间及病情稳定所需时间;降低患者病死率,促进感染性休克患者的病情的控制,改善预后。     

血红素氧合酶-1的诱导对肺缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨血红素氧合酶-1的诱导对肺缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法将40只健康Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为4组：假手术对照（sham）组、肺缺血再灌注（I／R）组（阻断左肺门30min再灌注2h）、氯化血红素（Hemin）组（给予血红素氧合酶-1的诱导剂）与锌原卟啉（ZnPP）组（给予血红素氧合酶-1的抑制剂）。检测各组肺组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,血浆肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）含量,观察肺组织湿干重比（W／D）以及电镜下肺组织超微结构变化。结果Hemin组肺湿／干重比（5．92±0．66）低于I／R组（7．55±0．66）（P〈0．01）,SOD活性（9．2±0．5）高于I／R组（2．8±0．4）（P〈0．01）,TNF-α含量（60．37±8．25）低于I／R组（452．26±22．59）（P〈0．01）,电镜下肺组织超微结构损伤改变明显减轻;而给予ZnPP（ZnPP组）后使上述改变发生逆转。结论血红素氧合酶-1的诱导可有效保护肺缺血再灌注损伤。     

乌司他丁对严重脓毒症血清损伤人肺血管内皮细胞保护作用的实验研究

目的探讨乌司他丁保护严重脓毒症血清损伤离体人肺血管内皮细胞（PMVECs）的机制。方法离体培养PMVECs,随机分为4组：正常培养组（加入10%胎牛血清,N组）、健康血清组（加入10%健康人血清,H组）、患者血清组（加入10%严重脓毒症患者血清,S组）,乌司他丁组（加入1000 U/mL乌司他丁＋10%严重脓毒症患者血清,U组）;分别于培养0、1、2、4及6 h MTT比色法检测吸光度（OD）,观察PMVECs增殖活性变化;ELISA法检测培养上清液的肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）浓度;比较不同时相4组上述指标变化;于培养1 h时,免疫组化观察核转录因子κB（NF-κB）表达情况。结果与N组比较,S组各时间点细胞增殖活性明显下降,U组各时间点细胞增殖活性略下降,S组和U组1、4及6 h细胞增殖活性与N组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。与S组比较,U组1、2及6 h细胞增殖活性明显升高（P〈0.05）。S组PMVECs多数胞核呈明显阳性表达,U组PMVECs仅少数胞核呈阳性表达,N组及H组PMVECs未见NF-κB表达。与N组比较,S组和U组各时间点TNF-α含量均明显升高（P〈0.01）,S组与U组各时间点TNF-α含量比较均明显减少（P〈0.01）。结论乌司他丁可通过抑制NF-κB活化,减少TNF-α的释放,减轻严重脓毒症血清损伤离体PMVECs程度。     

乌司他丁对异位妊娠内出血休克患者氧自由基和肾功能的影响

目的：探讨乌司他丁对异位妊娠内出血休克患者肾功能的影响及其作用机制。方法：异位妊娠内出血休克患者60例随机分为乌司他丁组和对照组,各30例,两组患者入院后均予以补液、抗休克,同时手术止血;术后抗炎、抗休克、止血、补液、营养支持、对症等治疗,乌司他丁组给予乌司他丁治疗,对照组给予等量、等次数的生理盐水。结果：术前两组血Scr、BUN、MDA、SOD、尿NAG含量差异无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。术后乌司他丁组血Scr、BUN、尿NAG含量升高程度明显低于对照组（P均〈0.05）,恢复速度明显快于对照组（P均〈0.05）;乌司他丁组血MDA含量明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）,血SOD活性明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：乌司他丁对异位妊娠内出血休克患者的肾功能有一定的保护作用,其作用机制可能与清除氧自由基有关。     

血红素加氧酶1 对2 型糖尿病肾病 大鼠肾脏功能影响的研究

目的 通过复制糖尿病肾病大鼠模型,以药物干预改变糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏中血红素加氧酶1 （HO-1）水平,从而探讨HO-1 对2 型糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏功能的影响。方法 32 只SD 大鼠适应性喂养1 周后, 随机分成正常对照组、糖尿病肾病（DN）组、DN 氯化血红素组和DN 锌原卟啉组。除正常对照组外,其他 3 组复制糖尿病肾病模型,进行药物干预。各组大鼠用药4 周后进行取材,大鼠处死前禁食收集24 h 尿液,测 定大鼠24 h 尿量和尿肌酐（Ucr）。大鼠麻醉后心脏取血,分别检测血肌酐（Scr）和血胱抑素C（Cys-c）的 浓度,计算内生肌酐清除率（Ccr）。肾脏组织HE 染色观察大鼠肾脏组织结构是否异常,电镜下观察肾小球 和肾小管超微结构的改变,应用免疫组织化学和Western blot 技术对肾脏中HO-1 进行定位和定量分析。结 果 ① DN 组、DN 氯化血红素组和DN 锌原卟啉组Scr、Cys-c、Ucr、Ccr 与正常对照组比较,差异有统计 学意义（P <0.05）,DN 组、DN 氯化血红素组和DN 锌原卟啉组Scr 和Cys-c 升高,Ucr、Ccr 降低,DN 锌原 卟啉组Scr 和Cys-c 增加幅度较DN 组和DN 氯化血红素组高。② HE 染色及电镜结果显示,正常对照组大鼠 肾脏组织结构无明显变化,其余3 组大鼠肾脏组织结构均有改变。肾脏组织结构破坏程度,DN 锌原卟啉组 >DN 组>DN 氯化血红素组。③ Western blot 结果显示,DN 氯化血红素组肾脏中HO-1 表达水平高于DN 组, DN 锌原卟啉组肾脏中HO-1 表达水平低于DN 组。结论 DN 氯化血红素组大鼠肾脏中HO-1 表达水平升高, 而DN 锌原卟啉组大鼠肾脏中HO-1 表达水平下降,DN 氯化血红素组大鼠肾脏的损伤指标以及肾脏组织形态 学的损伤程度轻于DN 锌原卟啉组,实验结果说明提高2 型糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏中HO-1 表达水平可以减轻 肾脏损伤。